本文選題：口蹄疫 + 豬瘟��； 參考：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：目的意義:為探索一種適合農(nóng)村散養(yǎng)生豬豬瘟(CSF)、口蹄疫(FMD)和高致病性豬繁殖與呼吸綜合征(HPPRRS)防控的新模式,進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化工作方案,提高基層動(dòng)物防疫工作的可操作性,提高免疫質(zhì)量,破解基層強(qiáng)制免疫工作中的難點(diǎn)問題,為相關(guān)行業(yè)主管部門制定防疫政策提供實(shí)踐性建議。實(shí)驗(yàn)方法:(1)對農(nóng)村散養(yǎng)生豬按照“CSF、FMD和HPPRRS三種疫苗同步分兩點(diǎn)注射”的免疫方法和程序,分別免疫斷奶仔豬(28d左右)和45d左右仔豬各50頭。在對試驗(yàn)豬進(jìn)行免疫反應(yīng)觀察的同時(shí),分別于免疫后15d、30d、45d、60d、75d、90d、105d、120d對試驗(yàn)豬進(jìn)行CSF、FMD和HPPRRS免疫抗體測定。(2)針對農(nóng)村散養(yǎng)生豬CSF、FMD和HPPRRS免疫,將傳統(tǒng)的“春秋兩防”集中免疫改為常年“程序化免疫”模式。防疫員根據(jù)農(nóng)村散養(yǎng)生豬的日齡、健康狀況等相關(guān)免疫信息,結(jié)合農(nóng)村農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)實(shí)際,合理安排每戶的免疫時(shí)間,對豬CSF、FMD和HPPRRS開展常年適時(shí)程序化免疫。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果:(1)農(nóng)村散養(yǎng)仔豬免疫CSF、FMD和HPPRRS疫苗后,其抗體水平呈逐漸上升趨勢。28日齡仔豬免疫后30d CSF、FMD和HPPRRS可分別達(dá)到64.46%,60%、68.89%。45d左右仔豬較28日齡斷奶仔豬抗體水平上升明顯,免疫后30d CSF、FMD和HPPRRS抗體水平分別達(dá)到94.45%、97.72%、97.72%;免疫后60d CSF、FMD和HPPRRS均達(dá)到峰值,隨后逐漸降低,免疫后120d其抗體水平低于國家要求標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。(2)對農(nóng)村散養(yǎng)生豬CSF、FMD和HPPRRS三種重大疫病實(shí)施常年程序化免疫模式,免疫后60d,CSF、FMD和HPPRRS的免疫抗體水平達(dá)分別達(dá)88.03%、86.58%、86.24%,三種疫病抗體水平均高于國家要求標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。(3)程序化免疫模式全面推廣得到了成功的實(shí)施,提高了基層動(dòng)物防疫工作的可操作性,提高了防疫效果,驗(yàn)證了“農(nóng)村散養(yǎng)生豬CSF、FMD和HPPRRS三種重大常年程序化免疫”防控模式和所采取的“以監(jiān)促防、以檢促防、防檢結(jié)合”的防控措施可行。結(jié)論:(1)建立了“農(nóng)村散養(yǎng)生豬仔豬45日齡首免,首免后第105d進(jìn)行第二次補(bǔ)免”的免疫程序,并采用了“CSF、FMD和HPPRRS三種疫苗同步分兩點(diǎn)免疫”的方法,證明了其臨床應(yīng)用的可行性和科學(xué)性。(2)建立了防疫員根據(jù)農(nóng)村散養(yǎng)生豬的日齡、健康狀況等相關(guān)免疫信息,結(jié)合農(nóng)村農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)實(shí)際,對農(nóng)村散養(yǎng)生豬開展常年適時(shí)程序化免疫注射CSF、FMD和HPPRRS疫苗的常年程序化免疫模式,證明了其臨床應(yīng)用的可行性和適用性。(3)通過實(shí)施程序化免疫,村級防疫員有很大的時(shí)間支配權(quán),使動(dòng)物防疫工作能與農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)有機(jī)結(jié)合起來,提高了基層動(dòng)物防疫工作的可操作性,從而全面提高防疫效果。(4)農(nóng)村散養(yǎng)生豬程序化免疫模式在貴陽市全面推廣實(shí)施,驗(yàn)證了“重大動(dòng)物疫病常年程序化免疫”防控模式和總體措施的可行性,完善了傳統(tǒng)的重大動(dòng)物疫病“春秋兩防”的防控機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore a new model suitable for the prevention and control of CSFN, FMD and HPPRRSs, and to optimize the work plan and improve the operability of animal epidemic prevention at the grass-roots level. To improve the quality of immunization, solve the difficult problems in the work of grass-roots compulsory immunization, and provide practical suggestions for the relevant departments in charge of the industry to formulate epidemic prevention policies. Experiment method: 1) Immunization method and procedure of "CSF FMD and HPPRRS three vaccines were injected into two points at the same time" for rural live pigs, weaning piglets were immunized for 28 days or so) and 45 days or so for 50 piglets each. The immunoreaction of experimental pigs was observed at the same time. CSF FMD and HPPRRS immunized pigs were immunized with CSF FMD and HPPRRS immunized against CSF FMD and HPPRRS respectively on the 15th day, 30d, 45d, 45d, 75d or 90d / 105d / 120d after immunization), and CSFFFMD and HPPRRS were immunized against CSFN FMD and HPPRRS, respectively. The traditional "Spring and Autumn two Defense" centralized immunization model is changed to perennial "programmed immunity" mode. Based on the relevant immunological information such as day age and health status of live pigs raised in rural areas and combining with the reality of rural agricultural production, the vaccinators arranged the immunization time of each household reasonably, and carried out regular immunization of pigs CSF FMD and HPPRRS all year round. The results showed that the antibody level of CSFN FMD and HPPRRS increased gradually after immunization with CSFN FMD and HPPRRS vaccine in rural scattered piglets. The FMD and HPPRRS levels of CSFN FMD and HPPRRS reached 64.46% 68.89.45 d after immunization in 28 day old piglets, respectively, and the antibody levels of piglets were significantly higher than those of 28 day weaned piglets. The antibody levels of FMD and HPPRRS reached 94.4545 ~ 97.72% and 97.72% respectively at 30 days after immunization, and reached the peak value at 60 days after immunization, and then decreased gradually. 120 days after immunization, the antibody level was lower than the national standard. 60 days after immunization, the levels of FMD and HPPRRS reached 88.03 and 86.58, respectively, and the level of antibodies against three kinds of epidemic diseases were all higher than the national standard. The effect of epidemic prevention was improved, and the prevention and control measures of "three major perennial programmed immunization modes of CSFFFMD and HPPRRS in rural scattered live pigs" and "supervision and prevention, prevention and control, combination of inspection and prevention" were proved to be feasible. Conclusion (1) the first immunization procedure of 45 days old piglets in rural scattered piglets was established and the second immunization was performed on the 105th day after the first immunization. The method of two-point immunization of CSF FMD vaccine and HPPRRS vaccine was used. It is proved that its clinical application is feasible and scientific. The perennial programmed immunization model of perennial routine immunization of CSFN FMD and HPPRRS vaccine was carried out for rural live pigs, which proved the feasibility and applicability of clinical application of CSFN FMD and HPPRRS vaccine, and proved the feasibility and applicability of routine immunization. Village level epidemic prevention workers have a great power over time, so that animal epidemic prevention work can be organically integrated with agricultural production, and the operation of animal epidemic prevention work at the grass-roots level has been improved. In order to improve the effect of epidemic prevention in an all-round way, the program immunization model of rural scattered live pigs was popularized and implemented in Guiyang City, which verified the feasibility of the prevention and control model and the overall measures of "perennial programmed immunization of major animal epidemic diseases". Improved the traditional major animal epidemic disease, "Spring and Autumn two prevention" prevention and control mechanism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：S858.28

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