本文選題：梨形蟲　切入點：反向線狀印跡　出處：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：梨形蟲病是由頂復(fù)門、梨形蟲目,巴貝斯屬和泰勒屬的宿主特異性血液原蟲引起的原蟲病的總稱,巴貝斯屬和泰勒屬分別引起巴貝斯蟲病和泰勒蟲病。蜱是一類有害的吸血外寄生蟲,是梨形蟲病的主要傳播媒介。蜱可以通過直接的接觸和吸血過程,或者通過傳播細(xì)菌,原生動物或病毒病對宿主造成寄生性損傷。在熱帶和亞熱帶地區(qū),梨形蟲病可導(dǎo)致家畜和野生動物的臨床障礙。這種疾病造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)影響包括:肉類和奶制品產(chǎn)量降低,流產(chǎn),生育能力降低,較高的預(yù)防與治療成本,以及對全球動物和動物制品行業(yè)造成數(shù)十億美元的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。本文的研究結(jié)果包括兩個方面:1.利用建立的反向線狀印跡雜交技術(shù)對采自中國不同省份草地或動物體表的不同蜱種所攜帶的梨形蟲蟲種進(jìn)行調(diào)查,2015年三月至六月對樣品進(jìn)行收集。結(jié)果表明,RLB檢測方法具有高度的特異性,可以區(qū)分不同的梨形蟲蟲種,通過構(gòu)建的重組質(zhì)粒,計算其敏感性可達(dá)到102拷貝/μL。草地上收集的蜱樣品可檢測到單一或混合感染的情況,環(huán)形泰勒蟲(33/408,8.1%)和新疆巴貝斯蟲未定種(30/408,7.4%)的檢出率最高。利用建立的RLB檢測方法,對動物體表收集的蜱樣品評估傳播牛羊巴貝斯蟲和泰勒蟲蟲種的潛在威脅。結(jié)果顯示單一的環(huán)形泰勒蟲(118/652,18.1%)感染和呂氏泰勒蟲+中華泰勒蟲(18/652,2.8%)混合感染的情況最為常見。許多蜱種所攜帶病原范圍比以前報道的更廣。2.利用建立的反向線狀印跡雜交技術(shù)對采自我國黑龍江省的25只全溝硬蜱攜帶梨形蟲種進(jìn)行調(diào)查,同時在16S rRNA基因V4高變區(qū)域的基礎(chǔ)上,利用高通量測序法對25只全溝硬蜱的細(xì)菌種類分布進(jìn)行分析研究。RLB檢測結(jié)果顯示,所檢測的全溝硬蜱沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)感染或攜帶任何泰勒蟲或巴貝斯蟲蟲種。通過全溝硬蜱樣品的高通量測序顯示,檢測到200多個細(xì)菌屬,其中一些對動物或人類具有潛在的致病重要性,一些細(xì)菌屬可對環(huán)境造成污染。根據(jù)測序結(jié)果,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了立克次氏體和伯氏疏螺旋體這些對人和動物具有致病性的蜱傳細(xì)菌病原。綜上所述,所建立的特異性RLB檢測方法可以同時檢測和鑒別不同巴貝斯蟲和泰勒蟲,該方法可作為一種潛在的診斷工具。同時,獸醫(yī)從業(yè)人員應(yīng)該對環(huán)形泰勒蟲在中國的廣泛流行提高意識,蜱對不同梨形蟲種的傳播能力需要通過動物傳播實驗進(jìn)一步驗證。同時應(yīng)該對我國黑龍江省分布的攜帶多種病原體的全溝硬蜱對人及動物叮咬引發(fā)的疾病的威脅提高意識。
[Abstract]:Pyridiasis is a disease of host specific blood protozoa caused by the phylum, Pyridiidae, Babes and Taylor genera. Babes and Taylor cause Babes's disease and Taylor's disease respectively. Ticks are a kind of harmful extranasal parasites, which are the main vectors of piridiosis. Ticks can be transmitted by direct contact and bloodsucking, or by transmission of bacteria. Parasite damage to hosts caused by protozoa or viral diseases. In tropical and subtropical regions, pear worm disease can cause clinical disorders in domestic and wild animals. The economic effects of the disease include reduced meat and dairy production and miscarriages. Lower fertility, higher cost of prevention and treatment, The research results of this paper include two aspects: 1. Using reverse linear blotting technique to analyze grassland or animals collected from different provinces of china. Pyriform species carried by different ticks on the body surface were investigated, and samples were collected from March to June 2015. The results showed that the RLB assay was highly specific. Different piriform species can be distinguished. The sensitivity of the recombinant plasmid can reach 102 copies / 渭 L. single or mixed infection can be detected in ticks collected on grassland. The detectable rates of 33 / 4088.1th of the circular Taylor worm and 30 / 4087.4of the undetermined species of Babes in Xinjiang were the highest. Using the established RLB detection method, Ticks collected from animal surfaces were used to assess the potential threat to the transmission of cattle, sheep, Babes and Taylor species. The results showed that a single circular Taylor worm 118 / 652 / 18.1) and a mixed infection of Taylor lui's 18 / 652 / 2. 8) were the most common. Common. Many ticks carry a wider range of pathogens than previously reported. 2. Using the established reverse linear blotting technique to investigate 25 Pyriformis species collected from Heilongjiang Province, China. At the same time, based on the high variable region of 16s rRNA gene V4, the species distribution of 25 ticks were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing method. None of the tested ticks were infected or carried any Taylor or Babes species. Through high-throughput sequencing of the samples, more than 200 bacterial genera were detected. Some of them are potentially pathogenic to animals or humans, and some bacteria can cause environmental pollution. We have found that Rickettsiella burgdorferi and Borrelia burgdorferi, which are pathogenic to human and animal ticks, have been found. In conclusion, the established specific RLB assay can detect and differentiate different Babes and Taylor parasites at the same time. This method can be used as a potential diagnostic tool. At the same time, veterinary practitioners should raise awareness of the widespread prevalence of the ringworm in China. The transmission ability of ticks to different piriform species should be further verified by animal transmission experiments. Meanwhile, the awareness of the threat to human and animal bites caused by the distribution of various pathogens in Heilongjiang Province should be raised.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S852.7
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本文編號：1651974