本文關(guān)鍵詞：乙烯利調(diào)控玉米節(jié)間伸長(zhǎng)性狀的分子遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)解析　出處：《中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 玉米 乙烯利 節(jié)間伸長(zhǎng) 關(guān)聯(lián)分析 連鎖分析

【摘要】：本研究于2014-2015年,在不同玉米生態(tài)環(huán)境下,以自然群體和連鎖群體為材料,旨在解析乙烯利調(diào)控玉米節(jié)間伸長(zhǎng)性狀的分子遺傳基礎(chǔ),為揭示乙烯利調(diào)控玉米節(jié)間伸長(zhǎng)分子機(jī)制提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。主要結(jié)果如下:1.溫帶玉米自交系組成的自然群體中,乙烯利顯著降低玉米株型性狀,如株高、穗位、葉長(zhǎng)、葉寬、葉鞘等;其敏感指數(shù)為穗位葉長(zhǎng)株高葉鞘葉寬。在玉米自交系長(zhǎng)期進(jìn)化中,乙烯利敏感性并未受到定向選擇,表現(xiàn)為隨機(jī)中性�；谥鞒煞址治�,構(gòu)建了乙烯利敏感性綜合評(píng)價(jià)模型:F=0.102ZX1+0.098ZX2-0.051ZX3-0.009ZX4+0.116ZX5+0.582ZX6-0.861ZX7-0.615ZX8+2.861ZX9-1.712 ZX10。2.以508份自交系組成的關(guān)聯(lián)群體為材料,在全基因組顯著水平(P2.0×10-4)下,三個(gè)環(huán)境下分別檢測(cè)到61-182個(gè)SNPs位點(diǎn);生物信息學(xué)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),80個(gè)候選基因和目標(biāo)性狀顯著相關(guān),涉及多個(gè)植物激素合成及信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo),表明乙烯利調(diào)控玉米節(jié)間伸長(zhǎng)性狀受多個(gè)微效基因共同作用。多個(gè)環(huán)境中穩(wěn)定到檢測(cè)的SNP位點(diǎn)及相關(guān)候選基因,對(duì)剖析乙烯利調(diào)控玉米節(jié)間伸長(zhǎng)分子機(jī)制具有重要的參考價(jià)值。3.以高代重組自交系為材料,基于復(fù)合區(qū)間作圖法,對(duì)乙烯利調(diào)控玉米株高、穗位高、相對(duì)穗位高、穗上節(jié)間距等節(jié)間伸長(zhǎng)關(guān)鍵性狀進(jìn)行QTL定位。14個(gè)目標(biāo)性狀在2個(gè)環(huán)境下共檢測(cè)到104個(gè)QTL,分布于玉米10條染色體上,可解釋的表型變異為3.87-14.91%。位于第6號(hào)染色體上的qB-ET_PH6a-wq定位在標(biāo)記PZE-106020696與-PZE-106013766之間,第9號(hào)染色體上的qB-ET_PH9a-ls定位于標(biāo)記PZE-109026651與PZE-109061750之間,可解釋的表型變異分別為10.99%、13.03%,相近位點(diǎn)也穩(wěn)定檢測(cè)到了其他目標(biāo)性狀,這為深入研究乙烯利調(diào)控玉米節(jié)間伸長(zhǎng)分子機(jī)制提供了科學(xué)依據(jù)。4.AP2/ERF轉(zhuǎn)錄因子家族是植物激素逆境信號(hào)交叉途徑重要的連接因子。以玉米自交系鄭58、昌72、KUI3、B77為材料,采用反向遺傳學(xué)技術(shù)克隆了玉米乙烯信號(hào)應(yīng)答轉(zhuǎn)錄因子ZmEATB,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),ZmEATB基因cDNA全長(zhǎng)950 bp,開(kāi)放閱讀框801 bp,編碼267個(gè)氨基酸,包含ERF亞家族成員可以識(shí)別的典型GCC盒(GCCGCC box),屬于ERF亞家族成員。序列分析顯示,不同種質(zhì)來(lái)源的ZmEATB基因ORF有多個(gè)氨基酸序列差異。qRT-PCR結(jié)果表明,基因ZmEATB在敏感性品系鄭58、B77中表達(dá)相對(duì)高于昌72、KUI3。ZmEATB基因的氨基酸差異和表達(dá)模式不同,可能是不同種質(zhì)應(yīng)答乙烯利調(diào)控節(jié)間伸長(zhǎng)敏感性差異的原因。
[Abstract]:In this study, in different maize ecological environments, natural populations and linkage populations were used as materials to analyze the molecular genetic basis of ethephon regulating internode elongation of maize. In order to reveal the molecular mechanism of ethephon regulating internode elongation of maize, the main results are as follows: 1. In the natural population composed of temperate maize inbred lines, ethephon significantly reduced plant type traits, such as plant height. Ear position, leaf length, leaf width, leaf sheath, etc.; The sensitivity index of ethephon in maize inbred lines was not orientated, but was random neutral, and based on principal component analysis, the sensitivity index was the leaf sheathing width of ear leaf length, plant height, leaf sheathing width, and ethephon sensitivity was not orientated in maize inbred lines. A comprehensive evaluation model of ethephon sensitivity was constructed. The model of ethephon sensitivity was: Fen 0.102ZX1 0.098ZX2-0.051ZX3-0.009ZX4 0.116ZX5. 0.582ZX6-0.861ZX7-0.615ZX8 2.861ZX9-1.712ZX10.2.508 associated populations of inbred lines were used as materials. 61-182 SNPs loci were detected in three environments under the whole genome significant level (P2.0 脳 10-4). Bioinformatics analysis showed that 80 candidate genes were significantly correlated with target traits, involving multiple plant hormone synthesis and signal transduction. The results showed that ethephon regulated internode elongation of maize was affected by multiple microfunctional genes, and stable to the detected SNP loci and related candidate genes in many environments. It has important reference value to analyze the molecular mechanism of ethephon regulating internode elongation of maize. 3. Based on the composite interval mapping method, the plant height and ear height of high generation recombination inbred lines were regulated by ethephon. Relative to the height of ear, the key characters of Internode elongation were mapped by QTL. A total of 104 QTLs were detected in 14 target characters, which were distributed on 10 chromosomes in maize. The phenotypic variation was 3.87-14.91. The qB-ET_PH6a-wq located on chromosome 6 was located in the marker PZE-106020696 and -PZE-10. Between 6013766. The qB-ET_PH9a-ls on chromosome 9 was located between PZE-109026651 and PZE-109061750. The phenotypic variations were 10.99 and 13.03, and other target traits were detected stably at similar sites. This provides a scientific basis for further study on the molecular mechanism of ethephon regulating internode elongation in maize. 4.AP2 / ERF transcription factor family is an important link factor of plant hormone stress signal crossover pathway. Zheng 58. The maize ethylene signaling transcription factor ZmEATB was cloned by reverse genetics using Chang72KUI3B77 as material. The total length of ZmEATB gene cDNA is 950bp, and the open reading frame 801 BP encodes 267 amino acids. The typical GCC box can be identified by members of the ERF subfamily, which belongs to the ERF subfamily. Sequence analysis shows. ZmEATB gene ORF from different germplasm sources showed multiple amino acid sequence differences. QRT-PCR results showed that the gene ZmEATB was in the sensitive strain Zheng58. The difference of amino acid expression and expression pattern in B77 gene was higher than that in Chang72KUI3.ZmEATB gene, which may be the reason for the difference of the sensitivity of ethephon regulating Internode elongation in different germplasm responses.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S513

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