本文關(guān)鍵詞：生長豬對蛋白原料鈣磷標準全腸道消化率的評價及植酸酶的影響　出處：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 植酸酶 生長豬 蛋白原料 鈣磷 標準全腸道消化率

【摘要】：本文旨在研究植酸酶對生長豬動物源性及植物源性蛋白類飼料原料鈣磷的表觀全腸道消化率(Apprent total tract digestibility,ATTD)以及標準全腸道消化率(Standardized total tract digestibility,STTD)的影響。全文分為五個部分,試驗一選擇了 64頭初始體重為16.0 ±3.1 kg的去勢公豬,采用完全隨機試驗設(shè)計,探討了植酸酶對生長豬牛奶加工副產(chǎn)物鈣磷的ATTD與鈣STTD的影響。本試驗采集了乳清粉、低蛋白乳清粉和脫脂乳粉3種牛奶加工副產(chǎn)物作為代表性的動物源性鈣源。配制一個由玉米、土豆分離蛋白、大豆油、石粉和磷酸二氫鈉等組成的基礎(chǔ)日糧,另配制3種日糧分別在基礎(chǔ)日糧中添加乳清粉、低蛋白乳清粉和脫脂乳粉。試驗日糧均包括無植酸酶和添加1,000 FTU/kg植酸酶兩種處理,共8個處理,每個處理8個重復(fù)。用全收糞法測定了生長豬對牛奶加工副產(chǎn)物鈣磷的ATTD以及鈣的STTD。結(jié)果表明,添加1,000FTU/kg植酸酶可顯著提高(P0.05)生長豬對所有試驗日糧鈣磷的ATTD,以及鈣的STTD,但對生長豬乳清粉、低蛋白乳清粉和脫脂乳粉的鈣消化率無影響。生長豬對乳清粉和脫脂乳粉鈣的ATTD和STTD顯著高于(P0.05)低蛋白乳清粉,但乳清粉和脫脂乳粉之間無差異。試驗二探討了植酸酶對生長豬豆粕和4種來源的菜籽粕鈣磷的ATTD,以及磷的STTD的影響。本試驗選擇了 120頭初始體重為16.2 ± 5.3 kg的去勢公豬單籠飼養(yǎng),采用5 × 4因子設(shè)計,隨機分配到20種日糧中,每個處理6個重復(fù)。試驗設(shè)計了分別以豆粕、高蛋白菜籽粕(High-protein canolameal,CM-HP)、高溫加工菜籽粕(High-temperature processed canola meal,CM-HT)、低溫加工菜籽粕(Low-temperature processed canola meal,CM-LT)和傳統(tǒng)菜籽粕(Conventional canola meal,CM-CV)為唯一磷源的5種基礎(chǔ)日糧,另有15種日糧分別向基礎(chǔ)日糧中添加500、1,500或者2,500 FTU/kg植酸酶。試驗包括7d適應(yīng)期和5 d收糞期。試驗結(jié)果表明,添加植酸酶線性提高了(P0.01)生長豬對含有CM-HP、CM-HT、CM-CV和豆粕日糧中鈣的ATTD,但對CM-LT日糧鈣的ATTD無影響。植酸酶同樣提高了(線性和二次,P0.01)生長豬對這5種原料磷的ATTD和STTD。相對于CM-CV,CM-HP中鈣的ATTD較高(P0.01)。生長豬對CM-LT日糧鈣的ATTD顯著高于(P0.05)CM-HT,但二者磷的ATTD和STTD無差異。生長豬對豆粕磷的ATTD和STTD高于(P0.05)CM-HP和CM-CV。本試驗成功建立了植酸酶對生長豬CM-HP、CM-HT、CM-LT、CM-CV和豆粕磷的STTD相關(guān)關(guān)系的回歸方程。試驗三采集了 20種豆粕樣品,采用豬胃蛋白酶-胰蛋白酶兩步水解法,體外模擬了豬對豆粕的磷透析率,并探討了植酸酶對其影響。結(jié)果表明,豬對不同產(chǎn)區(qū)的豆粕可透析磷并無顯著差異,但添加500 FTU/kg植酸酶可顯著提高(P0.05)豬對豆粕的可透析磷。試驗四測定了不同濃度植酸酶對生長豬玉米-豆粕日糧干物質(zhì)、總能、粗蛋白質(zhì)、中性洗滌纖維、酸性洗滌纖維、常量和微量礦物元素與氨基酸消化率的影響。試驗選擇了 24頭初始體重為37.0 ± 1.4 kg的裝有簡單T型瘺管的去勢公豬,隨機分配到6種日糧中,每種日糧8個重復(fù)。分別飼喂正對照日糧(標準全腸道可消化磷0.31%),負對照低磷日糧(標準全腸道可消化磷0.16%)和植酸酶日糧(負對照日糧分別添加500、1,000、2,000和4,000 FTU/kg植酸酶)。通過全收糞尿法測定了營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的ATTD和沉積率,通過氧化鈦指示劑測定了氨基酸表觀回腸末端消化率(Apparent ileal digestibility,AID)。結(jié)果表明,添加植酸酶可提高(線性,P0.05)生長豬對玉米-豆粕日糧的酸性洗滌纖維、鉀和鐵的ATTD。植酸酶可提高(二次,P0.05)中性洗滌纖維和鎂的ATTD,并趨于提高苯丙氨酸(二次,P = 0.09)和天冬氨酸(二次,P = 0.05)的AID。植酸酶提高了(線性和二次,P0.05)鈣磷的ATTD及其沉積率,但植酸酶對總能的ATTD和消化能并無影響。試驗五測定了生長豬對玉米、豆粕和菜籽粕磷的ATTD和STTD,以及生長豬對玉米、豆粕和菜籽粕磷STTD的可加性。試驗選擇了 36頭初始體重為21.6±1.7 kg的去勢公豬,采用完全隨機設(shè)計,分配到6種日糧中,每種日糧6個重復(fù)。試驗日糧包括玉米淀粉和玉米、豆粕或菜籽粕為基礎(chǔ)的半純合日糧,以及玉米-豆粕、玉米-菜籽粕和玉米-豆粕-菜籽粕的混合日糧。結(jié)果表明,生長豬對玉米、豆粕和菜籽粕磷的ATTD分別為33.12%、50.19%和35.49%,磷的STTD分別為37.76%、56.62%和40.02%。生長豬對豆粕磷的ATTD和STTD高于(P0.05)玉米和菜籽粕,對玉米、豆粕和菜籽粕磷的STTD是可加的。綜上,本研究體內(nèi)與體外試驗說明植酸酶可提高生長豬常用蛋白原料鈣磷的STTD,且具有額外釋放效應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:This paper aims to study the phytase in growing pigs animal and plant source protein feed material of calcium and phosphorus apparent total tract digestibility (Apprent total tract digestibility, ATTD) and standard intestinal digestibility (Standardized total tract digestibility, STTD). The influence of the text is divided into five parts, a selection test 64 the initial weight was 16 + 3.1 kg castrated boars, using a completely randomized design to investigate the effects of Phytase on ATTD and calcium STTD growing pigs milk processing by-product calcium and phosphorus. This experiment collected low protein whey powder, whey powder and skim milk 3 milk processing by-products as animal source of calcium the source of the representative. A preparation made from corn, potato protein isolate, soybean oil, powder and sodium dihydrogen phosphate and other components of the basal diet, the other with 3 diets were added whey powder in the basic diet, low protein milk Whey powder and defatted milk. The test diets were included without adding 1000 FTU/kg phytase phytase and two kinds of treatments, there were 8 treatments, 8 replicates per treatment. The growth of pigs to milk processing by-product calcium phosphate and calcium ATTD STTD. results measured by total feces collection method, adding 1000FTU/ kg phytase significantly improve (P0.05) ATTD for all trials of dietary calcium and phosphorus in growing pigs, and calcium STTD, but on the growth of pig whey powder, whey powder and protein digestion of low calcium skim milk powder had no effect on the rate of growth of pigs. Whey powder and defatted milk calcium ATTD and STTD (P0.05) was significantly higher than that of low protein whey powder, but there was no difference between whey powder and defatted milk. Experiment two explored ATTD phytase on rapeseed meal of calcium and phosphorus in growing pigs of soybean meal and 4 sources, and the effects of phosphorus STTD. This study selected 120 head initial weight was 16.2 + 5.3 kg castrated boars single cage feeding Raise, using 5 * 4 factorial design, randomly assigned to one of 20 diets, each with 6 replicates. The test was designed respectively by the high protein soybean meal, rapeseed meal (High-protein canolameal, CM-HP), the high temperature processing of rapeseed meal (High-temperature processed canola meal, CM-HT), low temperature processing of rapeseed meal (Low-temperature processed canola meal CM-LT), and the traditional rapeseed meal (Conventional canola meal, CM-CV) for 5 kinds of basic diet the sole source of phosphorus, and 15 kinds of diets were added to 2500 500,1500 or FTU/kg Phytase Diets. The test includes 7d adaptation period and 5 d of fecal collection period. The experimental results show that the linear increase of phytase the growth of pigs (P0.01) containing CM-HP, CM-HT, CM-CV and soybean diets of calcium in ATTD, but had no effect on CM-LT of dietary calcium ATTD. Phytase also improved (linear and two, P0.01) growing pigs on the 5 kinds of raw materials of ATTD and ST p TD. compared to CM-CV, CM-HP calcium ATTD (P0.01) ATTD. The higher the CM-LT of dietary calcium in growing pigs was significantly higher than that of CM-HT (P0.05), but no difference between the two P ATTD and STTD. The growth of soybean meal pig P ATTD (P0.05) and STTD is higher than that of CM-HP and CM-CV. in this experiment successfully established on phytase the growth of pig CM-HP, CM-HT, CM-LT, regression equation STTD relationship between CM-CV and soybean meal. Three phosphorus test collected 20 soybean samples, using porcine pepsin trypsin two step hydrolysis method, the in vitro simulated phosphorus dialysis on soybean meal pig rate, and discusses the influence of Phytase. The results showed that the pig there is no significant difference of phosphorus can be dialysis in different producing areas of soybean meal, but adding 500 FTU/kg phytase (P0.05) can significantly improve the pig of soybean meal dialysable phosphorus. Experiment four was determined with different concentration of Phytase on growth of pig corn soybean meal diet dry matter, total energy, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber Fiber, acid detergent fiber, major and trace mineral elements and amino acid digestibility. The test chose 24 head initial weight was 37 + 1.4 kg with a simple T type were castrated boars, randomly assigned to one of 6 diets, each diet were fed 8 replicates. The positive control diet (standard intestinal digestible phosphorus 0.31%), negative control of low phosphorus diet (standard intestinal digestible phosphorus and Phytase Diets (0.16%) negative control diet were added to 500,1000,2000 and FTU/kg. 4000 phytase) nutrient ATTD and deposition rate were determined by the method of feces and urine collection, through the determination of the amino acid titanium indicator table the concept of ileal digestibility (Apparent ileal, digestibility, AID). The results showed that phytase can improve (linear, P0.05) acid detergent fiber of corn soybean meal diet of growing pigs, ATTD. phytase of iron and potassium can increase (two, P0.05) 涓，

本文編號：1371480