目的:近幾十年來,不穩(wěn)定的政治意愿導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)的長期波動(dòng)使巴基斯坦倒退。由于巴基斯坦陷入經(jīng)濟(jì)競賽,它必須決定需要做些什么來實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。工業(yè)政策的自由化是吸引外國投資和趕上一國快速增長不可或缺的支柱。這項(xiàng)研究旨在量化外國直接投資和貿(mào)易自由化對巴基斯坦各部門和分部門的嚴(yán)重影響。這項(xiàng)研究進(jìn)一步審查了貿(mào)易開放和外國直接投資是否對經(jīng)濟(jì)增長產(chǎn)生影響。本文重點(diǎn)分析了貿(mào)易開放對巴基斯坦14個(gè)部門和子行業(yè)增長率的影響。設(shè)計(jì)/方法/方法:該研究獲得了 1981年至2018年基于分類部門的數(shù)據(jù)。由于它是時(shí)間序列數(shù)據(jù),最初對靜態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了檢查,以選擇適當(dāng)?shù)姆治�。大多�?shù)指標(biāo)在ADF（增強(qiáng)型迪基-富勒）測試中處于靜止?fàn)顟B(tài),因此在水平上保持穩(wěn)定。ARDL（自回歸分布滯后）模型已經(jīng)證明,由于一系列靜止,性能更好的時(shí)間序列數(shù)據(jù),謊言,以識(shí)別共同集成向量。ARDL模型有助于驅(qū)動(dòng)糾錯(cuò)模型（ECM）,實(shí)現(xiàn)簡單的線性變換,將短期調(diào)整與長期均衡相結(jié)合,而不會(huì)避免長期信息損失。綁定測試方法已采用檢查長期共同集成的方法。此外,亨德里（2005年）方法一般到具體用于達(dá)到長期估計(jì)。還檢查了糾錯(cuò)模型（ECM）,以確定其長期路徑中每個(gè)感興趣變... 

【文章頁數(shù)】：189 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
Abstract
中文摘要
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Introduction
    1.2 Background of the Study
        1.2.1 Synergies between economic growth and trade liberalization in 1950s
        1.2.2 Synergies between economic growth and trade liberalization in 1960s
        1.2.3 Synergies between economic growth and trade liberalization in 1970s
        1.2.4 Synergies between economic growth and trade liberalization in 1980s
        1.2.5 Synergies between economic growth and trade liberalization in 1988s
    1.3 Problem Statement
        1.3.1 Predicament of Pakistan's Sectors
    1.4 Research Objectives and Questions
    1.5 Significance and Contribution of the Study
    1.6 Structure of the Study
Chapter 2 Literature Review
    2.1 Literature Review
    2.2 Economic Drivers
        2.2.1 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Sectoral growth
        2.2.2 Inflation impact on Sectoral Development
        2.2.3 Impact of Exports and Trade Openness
        2.2.4 Impact of Imports and Trade Openness
        2.2.5 Trade Balance, Deficit and Growth
    2.3 Pakistan in the Context of Developing Economy at the Sectoral Level
        2.3.1 Agricultural Sector and Economic Contribution
        2.3.2 Industrial Sector and Economic Contribution
        2.3.3 Service Sector and Economic Contribution
    2.4 Role of Economic Growth Drivers in the Context of Pakistan
        2.4.1 Impact of FDI on Economic Growth
        2.4.2 Inflation's Impact on Economic Growth
        2.4.3 Impact of Export on Economic Growth
        2.4.4 Impact of Import and Economic Growth
        2.4.5 Pakistan Trade Balance and Economic Growth
    2.5 Conceptual Framework
    2.6 Research Hypothesis
    2.7 Theoretical Foundations
        2.7.1 Balanced Growth Theory
        2.7.2 Unified Growth Theory
Chapter 3 Research Methodology
    3.1 Econometric Tools, Data, and Methodology
    3.2 Methodology
        3.2.1 Unit Root Test
        3.2.2 Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test (DF):The Test of Stationarity
        3.2.3 Co-Integration
        3.2.4 Autoregressive Distribution Lag (ARDL) Model
        3.2.5 Autoregressive Distribution Lag (ARDL):A Simple Model
        3.2.6 The Vector Error-Correction Model (VECM)
        3.2.7 Impulse response Analysis
Chapter 4 Results and Discussion
    4.1 Results
        4.1.1 Trade Openness, FDI, and Growth: A Descriptive Analysis
    4.2 Stationarity/Non-Stationarity of Variables
        4.2.1 Unit Root Test without Log Variables
    4.3 Co-Integration with Engle-Granger Method
    4.4 Co-Integration and Error Correction
    4.5 Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model
    4.6 Model 1: Trade Openness, FDI, and Economic Growth of Pakistan
    4.7 Model 2: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Agricultural Sector of Pakistan
        4.7.1 Model 2.1: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Crops in Pakistan
        4.7.2 Model 2.2: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Livestock Sector in Pakistan
        4.7.3 Model 2.3: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Forestry Sector in Pakistan
        4.7.4 Model 2.4: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Fishing Sector in Pakistan
    4.8 Model 3: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Industrial Sector of Pakistan
        4.8.1 Model 3.1 FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Mining Sector of Pakistan
        4.8.2 Model 3.2: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Power Sector of Pakistan
        4.8.3 Model 3.3: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Construction Sector of Pakistan
    4.9 Model 4: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Services Sector of Pakistan
        4.9.1 Model 4.1: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Wholesale & Retail Trade Sector ofPakistan
        4.9.2 Model 4.2: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Transport, Storage, andCommunication Sector of Pakistan
        4.9.3 Model 4.3: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Banking, Finance, and InsuranceSectors of Pakistan
    4.10 Conclusion
Chapter 5 Conclusion
    5.1 Conclusion and Policy Implications
    5.2 Limitations
References
Acknowledgement
Appendix
    Appendix A-Detailed Results of Model 1
    Appendix B-Detailed Results of Model 2
    Appendix C-Detailed Results of Model 2.1
    Appendix D-Detailed Results of Model 2.2
    Appendix E-Detailed Results of Model 2.3
    Appendix F-Detailed Results of Model 2.4
    Appendix G-Detailed Results of Model 3
    Appendix H-Detailed Results of Model 3.1
    Appendix I-Detailed Results of Model 3.2
    Appendix J-Detailed Results of Model 3.3
    Appendix K-Detailed Results of Model 4
    Appendix L-Detailed Results of Model 4.1
    Appendix M-Detailed Results of Model 4.2
    Appendix N-Detailed Results of Model 4.3
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