農(nóng)業(yè)部門是伊拉克最重要的經(jīng)濟部門,但由于農(nóng)民錯誤做法和政府政策導(dǎo)致的市場破壞,使得農(nóng)業(yè)部門遭受生產(chǎn)力低效的困擾。小麥?zhǔn)且晾俗钪匾膽?zhàn)略作物,因此本文選擇小麥作為研究對象。除了以伊拉克為研究對象,本文還研究了中國小麥耕作技術(shù)和市場政策,以便對兩國進行比較分析。小麥耕作技術(shù)的數(shù)據(jù)是通過采訪兩個國家的600戶家庭收集的,而關(guān)于市場價格政策分析的數(shù)據(jù)來源于兩個地區(qū)官方機構(gòu)發(fā)布。本文通過跨部門,采用隨機邊界模型和策略分析矩陣（PAM）分別分析技術(shù)效率和市場價格政策,得出以下結(jié)論:i)與采用免耕技術(shù)的中國研究區(qū)相比,伊拉克采用了傳統(tǒng)耕作技術(shù)的研究區(qū)生產(chǎn)力較低。ii)由于伊拉克研究區(qū)農(nóng)戶不了解科學(xué)灌溉方法,灌溉對小麥作物的產(chǎn)量貢獻不大。而中國研究區(qū)域的灌溉彈性為正,反映了灌溉對小麥生產(chǎn)力具有積極影響。iii)在伊拉克和中國研究地區(qū),每公頃的人工勞動小時系數(shù)顯著為正。iv)在兩個研究區(qū)域中,都過度使用了機械、種子和肥料進行小麥生產(chǎn),這對小麥產(chǎn)量造成了負(fù)面影響。v)盡管使用了大量除草劑用于控制雜草生長,但免耕技術(shù)要求大量除草劑才能控制雜草生長,所以植物保護和雜草控制的彈性明顯為負(fù)。vi)伊拉克瓦西特省... 

【文章來源】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院北京市

【文章頁數(shù)】：89 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
abstract
CHAPTER1 -INTRODUCTION
    1.1 BACKGROUND
    1.2 WHEAT PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
    1.3 JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY
    1.4 OBJECTIVES
CHAPTER2-LITERATURE REVIEW
    2.1 ADOPTION OF AGRICULTURAL INNOVATIONS
    2.2 ZERO TILLAGE DEFINITION
    2.3 ZERO TILLAGE TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION PROCESS
        2.3.1 Economic Comparison of Zero Tillage And Conventional Tillage
        2.3.2 Environmental Efficiency of Zero Tillage and Conventional Tillage
        2.3.3 Zero Tillage in Iraq
        2.3.4 Zero Tillage in China
    2.4 MARKET POLICY
        2.4.1 Market Policy in Iraq
        2.4.2 Chinese Market Policy
    2.5 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER3-MATERIALS AND METHODS
    3.1 CROSS-SECTIONAL,STOCHASTIC FRONTIER MODELS
    3.2 THE STUDIES AREAS SELECTION
        3.2.1 The study area of Iraq state
        3.2.2 The study area of China
        3.2.3 Selection procedure and sample size
        3.2.4 Questionnaire Development
    3.3 AGRICULTURE POLICY MATRIX ANALYSIS
        3.3.1 Coefficient Indicators
        3.3.2 Relative Efficiency Indicators
        3.3.3 Iraqi Data collection of Policy Matrix Analysis
        3.3.4 Chinese Data collection of Policy Matrix Analysis
CHAPTER4 -PART Ⅰ HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS
    4.1 HOUSEHOLD DEMOGRAPHY
        4.1.1 The household size of farmers
        4.1.2 Gender and age of the farmers
        4.1.3 Educational status of the farmers
    4.2 WHEAT CULTIVATION AREA
        4.2.1 Cultivation Area size
        4.2.2 Source of wheat price
    4.3 SEED VARIETY USE
        4.3.1 Seed Varieties used in Wasit province
    4.4 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER4 -PART Ⅱ TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY
    4.5 TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS
        4.5.1 Wheat Production Statistics
        4.5.2 Maximum Likelihood Estimates of Stochastic Frontier Production Model
        4.5.3 Technical Efficiency Scores of the Farmers by Farm Size Categories across Cropping Zones
        4.5.4 Conclusion
CHAPTER5-AGRICULTURE POLICY ANALYSIS MATRIX(PAM)
    5.1 COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE AND MARKET DISTORTIONS:A POLICY ANALYSIS MATRIX FOR IRAQI WHEAT CROP PRODUCTION
        5.1.1 The Coefficients Measure
        5.1.2 The Comparative Advantage Measure
        5.1.3 The Policy Reflection Index/Market Distortions
    5.2 CONCLUSIONS
    5.3 COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE AND MARKET DISTORTIONS:A POLICY ANALYSIS MATRIX FOR CHINA WHEAT CROP PRODUCTION
        5.2.1.The Coefficients Measure
        5.2.2 The Comparative Advantage Measure
        5.2.3 The Policy Reflection Index/Market Distortions
        5.2.4 Conclusion
CHAPTER6-CONCLUSIONS& RECOMMENDATIONS
    6.1 CONCLUSION OF THE LITRITURE REVIEW
    6.2 Conclusion of The Production Efficiency
    6.3 Conclusion of Production Policy
        6.3.1 Conclusion of production policy in Iraq2017
        6.3.2 Conclusion of production policy in China2017
    6.4 RECOMMENDATIONS
REFERENCES
APPENDIXES
Acknowledgements
CURRICULUM VITAE



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