發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-30 09:39

【摘要】：表面等離激元可以實(shí)現(xiàn)將電磁波束縛在亞波長(zhǎng)尺度,打破了光固有的衍射極限,使得在納米尺度操控光波成為可能,并且在多種學(xué)科中有著前所未有的重要的應(yīng)用,這一研究領(lǐng)域被統(tǒng)稱為Plasmonics。在貴金屬比如金和銀以及一些新興的材料比如石墨烯中支持具有較低損耗的表面等離激元。實(shí)現(xiàn)可調(diào)諧表面等離激元器件是近些年來(lái)表面等離激元研究領(lǐng)域的一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)。表面等離激元現(xiàn)象會(huì)使在金屬附近的電磁場(chǎng)得到顯著的增強(qiáng),從而可以讓一些光學(xué)非線性效應(yīng)在較低的功率下實(shí)現(xiàn)。本文主要針對(duì)表面等離激元在幾種不同結(jié)構(gòu)中的導(dǎo)波、非線性效應(yīng)以及可調(diào)諧表面等離激元器件的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了一系列深入的理論和仿真研究。本論文取得的主要研究成果與創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)如下:1.提出了一種基于石墨烯包覆介質(zhì)納米線表面等離波波導(dǎo),其無(wú)邊緣結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)可以避免類似于石墨烯納米帶的不規(guī)則邊緣帶來(lái)的散射損耗,實(shí)現(xiàn)低損耗的傳輸石墨烯表面等離波。建立了石墨烯包覆納米線中表面等離波模式的解析模型,深入研究了石墨烯包覆納米線的各項(xiàng)參數(shù)對(duì)色散特性的影響。利用一種半解析方法提出了高階表面等離波模式的截止條件。2.提出并研究了石墨烯包覆納米線對(duì)中的二次諧波產(chǎn)生。通過(guò)非共軛洛倫茲互易性定理建立了用于描述二次諧波產(chǎn)生過(guò)程的非線性耦合模方程。詳細(xì)分析了石墨烯包覆納米線對(duì)中的表面等離波模式特性,利用模式相位匹配的方法實(shí)現(xiàn)了高效的二次諧波產(chǎn)生,而且相位匹配條件可以通過(guò)控制石墨烯包覆納米線對(duì)的間距在不同頻率處實(shí)現(xiàn)。3.提出并研究了在一對(duì)單模石墨烯包覆納米線中的非線性定向耦合的效應(yīng)。通過(guò)非共軛洛倫茲互易性定理建立了用于描述非線性耦合過(guò)程的非線性耦合模方程。在單模石墨烯包覆納米線對(duì)中的耦合行為可以通過(guò)輸入光功率來(lái)控制。4.提出并研究了一種基于石墨烯Split-Ring諧振腔的可調(diào)諧表面等離波濾波器。石墨烯Split-Ring諧振腔中支持兩種具有相反對(duì)稱性的諧振模式而且兩者對(duì)于Split-Ring結(jié)構(gòu)的開(kāi)口方向有不同的敏感性。該濾波器的濾波特性可以通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)石墨烯Split-Ring諧振腔的多種參數(shù)來(lái)靈活控制。5.提出并研究了一種基于金-空氣-金結(jié)構(gòu)的縫隙Plasmonic波導(dǎo)的可調(diào)諧濾波器。通過(guò)在單�？p隙Plasmonic波導(dǎo)中引入周期性缺陷形成布拉格光柵結(jié)構(gòu)。利用表面等離波模式對(duì)空氣縫隙大小的敏感性,通過(guò)在兩層金屬之間施加可變靜電場(chǎng),使得金層在庫(kù)侖力的作用下產(chǎn)生形變來(lái)調(diào)諧空氣縫隙的大小,從而改變滿足布拉格條件的諧振波長(zhǎng),實(shí)現(xiàn)一種可調(diào)諧表面等離波濾波器。6.提出并研究了一種在金-空氣-金波導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu)中基于多模干涉效應(yīng)2x2光開(kāi)關(guān)。利用多模區(qū)所支持的兩個(gè)具有相反對(duì)稱性的模式的模式折射率對(duì)空氣縫隙改變的不同的敏感性,通過(guò)控制多�？p隙Plasmonic波導(dǎo)中空氣縫隙的大小改變輸出端兩個(gè)模式之間的相位差,實(shí)現(xiàn)輸出端在直通、交叉兩種狀態(tài)間的切換,實(shí)現(xiàn)了一種2x2光開(kāi)關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Surface plasmon polaritons can be used to bind the electromagnetic wave to the sub-wavelength scale, and the inherent diffraction limit of the light is broken, so that the light wave can be controlled at the nanometer scale and has an unprecedented important application in a variety of disciplines, and the field of research is generally referred to as Plasmonics. High-loss surface plasmon is supported in precious metals such as gold and silver and some emerging materials, such as graphene. It is a hotspot in the field of surface plasmon research in recent years. The surface plasmon phenomenon will result in a significant enhancement of the electromagnetic field near the metal, so that some optical non-linear effects can be achieved at lower power. In this paper, a series of in-depth theoretical and simulation studies have been carried out on the application of surface plasmon in several different structures, such as guided wave, non-linear effect and tunable surface. The main research results and innovation points of this thesis are as follows:1. The invention provides a graphene-coated medium nanowire surface and the like off-wave guide, which has the characteristics of no edge structure, and can avoid scattering loss caused by the irregular edge of the graphene nanobelt and realize the low-loss transmission graphene surface and the like off-wave. The analytical model of the off-wave pattern of the surface of the graphene-coated nano-wire is established, and the influence of the parameters of the graphene-coated nano-wire on the dispersion property is studied. By means of a semi-analytical method, the cut-off condition of the high-order surface and other off-wave modes is presented. The second harmonic generation of graphene-coated nanowire pairs is proposed and studied. The non-common lorentz reciprocity theorem is used to establish a nonlinear coupled mode equation for describing the second harmonic generation process. In this paper, the off-wave mode characteristics of the surface of the graphene-coated nanowire pair are analyzed in detail, and the high-efficiency secondary harmonic generation is realized by the method of the mode phase matching, and the phase matching condition can be realized at different frequencies by controlling the spacing between the graphene-coated nano-wire pairs. The effect of nonlinear directional coupling in a pair of single-mode graphene-coated nanowires is proposed and studied. The nonlinear coupling model equation for describing the nonlinear coupling process is established by the non-common lorentz reciprocity theorem. The coupling behavior in a single-mode graphene-coated nanowire pair can be controlled by the input of optical power. An off-wave filter based on the tunable surface of a graphene-split-Ring resonant cavity is presented and studied. Two resonant modes with opposite symmetry are supported in the graphene Split-Ring resonant cavity, and both have different sensitivity to the opening direction of the Split-Ring structure. The filter characteristics of the filter can be controlled flexibly by adjusting various parameters of the graphene Split-Ring resonant cavity. A tunable filter for the gap Plasmon waveguide based on the gold-air-gold structure is presented and studied. A bragg grating structure is formed by introducing periodic defects in a single-mode slit plasmonic waveguide. by applying a variable electrostatic field between the two layers of metal, the gold layer is deformed to tune the size of the air gap by applying a variable electrostatic field between the two layers of metal, An off-wave filter, such as a tunable surface, is implemented. A multi-mode interference effect 2x2 optical switch in a gold-air-gold waveguide structure is presented and studied. by controlling the phase difference between the two modes of the output end by controlling the size of the air gap in the multimode gap Plasmon waveguide by controlling the difference between the two modes of the output end by controlling the size of the air gap in the multimode gap Plasmon waveguide, The switching between the two states realizes a 2x2 optical switch.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O441;O485

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