秀麗線蟲傷害性感受調控的神經環(huán)路與分子機制研究
[Abstract]:Animal sensory regulation is very important to their feelings, behavior and survival. At present, little is known about the regulation of noxious stimulus perception and avoidance behavior. Complex environments are important. Because of the short growth cycle, transparent whole body, simple nervous system and easy genetic manipulation, Caenorhabditis elegans has 12 pairs of sensory nerves. Among them, multimodal sensory neurons (ASH) are the main neurons that sense nociceptive and aversive stimuli. It can sense water-soluble stimuli such as heavy metal ions and quinine, aversive gases, temperature, mechanical stimuli and osmotic pressure stimuli. Molecular mechanisms of nociceptive and avoidance behaviors mediated by ASH neurons Sensory neuron ASI is a key neuron that regulates whether a nematode enters dormancy. It integrates nematode growth density, food, C02 levels and pheromones in the environment. It has also been reported to be involved in the regulation of temperature and aversive stimulus responses. AWC mediates volatile attraction. In AWCON neurons, gcy-28 as a switch gene can switch the attractant and repulsive behavior to odor. Recently, it has been reported that AWCON acts as an intermediate neuron mediating hypersaline sensation. In vivo calcium imaging, traditional gene manipulation, neuron specific blockade and inactivation, neurochemical and genetic manipulation, and neuronal specific knockdown of gene expression were used to study the molecular mechanism and loop mechanism of ASI and ASH-mediated nociceptive and avoidance behavior in nematode sensory neurons, and the AWC junction of olfactory neurons. In this study, we found that there is a reciprocal inhibitory pathway between ASH and ASI sensory neurons, that is, in the early stage of copper sulfate stimulation, ASH plays a dominant role, which strongly excites and inhibits the activity of ASI. At the same time, ASI also inhibits the activity of ASH, thus preventing the over-excitation of nematode neurons. The molecular mechanism and neural circuit mechanism of this mutual inhibition are: sensory neuron ASI senses copper sulfate stimulation and releases neuropeptides to stimulate serotonin-responsive neuron ADF to release 5-HT on the SER-5 receptor of sensory neuron ASH, and then inhibits the activity of ASH; at the same time, ASH through the electrical synapse; Activating the RIC of the octophinergic intermediate neurons releases octophine on the SER-3 receptor on ASI and inhibits the activity of ASI neurons. This is a peripheral level sensory regulation, which is more direct and faster than the central nervous system level sensory regulation, and guarantees that the nematode infects the noxious spine. In addition, we also found that ASI inhibited excessive sensitivity to copper sulfate through AWC. The specific molecular mechanism of this regulation is that ASI sensed copper sulfate-stimulated release of neuropeptide DAF-2 on AWCON. AWCON acts as an intermediate neuron, activates AWCON to release glutamate and neuropeptides, integrates signals with AIB or other neurons, and ultimately inhibits the hypersensitivity of nematodes to noxious stimuli. It belongs to sensory regulation at the level of the central nervous system. Sensory neuron ASI is involved in noxious sensation and avoidance behavior. It plays an important role in inhibiting hypersensitivity to nociceptive stimuli through two different signaling pathways: one is that ASI inhibits ASH through ADF, lowers ASH to AIB signals, and then inhibits hypersensitivity to nociceptive stimuli; the other is that ASI promotes the release of glutamate and neuropeptides from AWCON to inhibit the hypersensitivity of nematodes.
【學位授予單位】:華中科技大學
【學位級別】:博士
【學位授予年份】:2016
【分類號】:Q42
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