【摘要】：隨著納米技術(shù)的發(fā)展,人類操控物質(zhì)的尺度達到了微納米尺度。在這個尺度下,真空電磁場的力學效應變得非常重要,甚至成為決定一個物理系統(tǒng)動力學演化特性的主要相互作用力。在真空電磁場的力學效應中,原子間共振相互作用以及卡西米爾-波耳德相互作用是兩類非常令人感興趣的現(xiàn)象；前者在量子存儲、量子傳輸和制造量子光源方面有著應用價值,而后者在制造原子反射鏡和量子懸浮設(shè)備中扮演重要角色。由于集成光學技術(shù)和原子芯片技術(shù)的發(fā)展,在量子光學實驗中,原子樣品可能非常接近于某種材料的表面；在此情況下,不但原子之間的相互作用會受到材料表面的影響,原子樣品本身也會與材料表面之間發(fā)生較強的相互作用。因此,研究材料表面對原子-原子相互作用的影響以及材料表面的性質(zhì)對原子-表面相互作用的影響,并討論如何利用這種影響調(diào)控原子-原子以及原子-表面間的相互作用是一個非常有意義的課題。然而,目前在這一問題上還缺乏詳細深入的研究�；谏鲜隹紤],我們開展了研究工作并得到以下成果：1、我們推導了位于材料表面附近的二原子間共振相互作用的形式理論；對鏡面反射和漫反射表面這兩種情況作了分類討論；我們的計算結(jié)果表明原子間共振相互作用可以分為由自由電磁真空貢獻的部分和材料表面反射波所貢獻的部分,其中后者提供了利用材料表面操控原子間共振相互作用的可行性。以上內(nèi)容給出在第二章中。2、我們將原子共振相互作用和原子芯片相結(jié)合,研究了二個原子處于一個電介質(zhì)材料平面附近時的共振相互作用。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)當原子對非常接近于電介質(zhì)平面時(k0z1),原子間的相互作用勢能和能量轉(zhuǎn)移率發(fā)生顯著地增強；我們將這一效應稱為“近表面效應”。對近表面效應的利用將有助于制造新型量子光源和量子存儲裝置。這些內(nèi)容給出在第三章中。3、我們將原子共振相互作用和集成光學以及納米技術(shù)相結(jié)合,討論了利用單層納米圓柱陣列調(diào)控原子間相互作用。使用大折射率材料制造的亞波長尺寸微納米結(jié)構(gòu)已經(jīng)廣泛應用于電磁波的操控；在本文中,我們提出將其用于操控原子之間的共振相互作用。利用納米圓柱陣列對電磁波散射性質(zhì)可調(diào)的特點,我們不再需要改變原子到材料表面的距離,而只需改變納米圓柱之間的距離(或者說光柵常數(shù)),就能夠打開或關(guān)閉原子之間的共振相互作用和能量交換,這對于控制量子態(tài)的定向傳輸有著重大應用價值。這些內(nèi)容在第四章中介紹。4、我們將卡西米爾-波耳德相互作用和超材料相結(jié)合,研究了利用具有特殊電磁散射性質(zhì)的材料來改變基態(tài)原子與材料表面間的卡西米爾-波耳德相互作用。我們討論了一種具有電磁負反射性質(zhì)的材料,并計算了這種負反射表面與基態(tài)原子之間的卡西米爾-波耳德相互作用。根據(jù)我們的計算結(jié)果,負反射現(xiàn)象可用于產(chǎn)生排斥性的卡西米爾-波耳德相互作用力,而這對制造原子反射鏡和量子懸浮裝置有重要應用意義。這些內(nèi)容在第五章中介紹。
[Abstract]:With the development of nanotechnology, the scale of human manipulation material reaches the micro nano scale. At this scale, the mechanical effect of the vacuum electromagnetic field becomes very important, and even becomes the main interaction force determining the dynamic evolution characteristics of a physical system. In the mechanical effect of the vacuum electromagnetic field, the interatomic resonance interaction And kimier - Polish interaction is the two very interesting phenomenon; the former is valuable in quantum storage, quantum transmission and manufacture of quantum light sources, and the latter plays an important role in the manufacture of atomic reflectors and quantum suspension devices. In optical experiments, the atomic sample may be very close to the surface of a material; in this case, not only the interaction between atoms is affected by the surface of the material, but also the strong interaction between the atomic sample itself and the surface of the material. Therefore, the effect of the surface of the material on the atom atom interaction and the material are studied. The effect of the properties of the material surface on the interaction of atomic surface and how to use this effect to regulate the interaction between atoms and atoms and the interaction between atoms and surfaces is a very meaningful subject. However, there is still a lack of detailed and in-depth study on this issue. 1, we deduce the form theory of the resonance interaction between two atoms near the surface of the material, and classify the two cases of the mirror reflection and the diffuse reflection surface; our calculation results show that the interatomic resonance interaction can be divided into the part of the free electromagnetic vacuum contribution and the reflection wave on the surface of the material. The part of the contribution, which provides the feasibility of manipulating the interatomic resonance interaction with the surface of the material, is given in the second chapter in the second chapter. We combine the atomic resonance interaction with the atomic chip to study the resonance interaction of two atoms near the flat surface of a dielectric material. The atomic pair is very close to the dielectric plane (k0z1), the interaction potential energy and the energy transfer rate between atoms are significantly enhanced; we call this effect "near surface effect". The use of near surface effects will help to produce new quantum light sources and quantum storage devices. These contents are given in the third chapter,.3, we By combining atomic resonance interaction with integrated optics and nanotechnology, a single layer nanocylindrical array is used to regulate interatomic interaction. The sub wavelength micro nanostructures made of large refractive index materials have been widely used in the manipulation of electromagnetic waves. In this paper, we propose to use it to manipulate atoms. The resonance interaction. Using the nano cylindrical array for the adjustable electromagnetic scattering properties, we no longer need to change the distance between the atom to the surface of the material, but only by changing the distance between the nanometers (or the grating constant), the resonance interaction and energy exchange between the atoms can be opened or closed, which is the control amount. The directional transmission of substates is of great value. These contents introduce.4 in the fourth chapter. We have studied the interaction of Casimir - Polish interaction with supermaterials and studied the interaction of cassiamer - Polish interaction between the ground state atoms and the material surface by using the materials with special electromagnetic scattering properties. The kcimier - Polish interaction between the negative reflection surface and the ground state atom is calculated and the negative reflection can be used to produce the repulsive kcimier - Polish interaction force, which is important for the fabrication of the atomic reflector and the quantum suspension device. Applied meaning. These contents are introduced in the fifth chapter.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TB383.1;O413

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