【摘要】：本文主要利用動力學(xué)模型方法,旨在研究非生物因子對浮游植物生長的影響.文章首先介紹了研究的背景、方法及主要研究工作.基于動力學(xué)模型方法,考慮溫度、光照強(qiáng)度和營養(yǎng)鹽濃度對浮游植物生長的影響,建立刻畫浮游植物生長的單種群動力學(xué)模型.定義刻畫非生物因子對浮游植物生長綜合影響的生態(tài)再生指標(biāo).生態(tài)再生指標(biāo)用以刻畫模型的全局動力學(xué)行為.數(shù)值分析分別討論了溫度、光照強(qiáng)度和營養(yǎng)鹽濃度對浮游植物平衡種群水平的影響.通過模型預(yù)測和實驗數(shù)據(jù)相結(jié)合的方法檢驗了模型的可行性.模型為潛水湖泊浮游植物動力學(xué)研究建立了理論框架,為湖泊浮游植物爆發(fā)的控制策略提供了理論基礎(chǔ).在常態(tài)非生物因子對浮游植物生長影響研究的基礎(chǔ)上,考慮溫度的季節(jié)性變化,建立刻畫浮游植物生長的非自治動力學(xué)模型.計算非自治系統(tǒng)中用以刻畫季節(jié)性溫度變化對浮游植物生長影響的生態(tài)再生指標(biāo).利用重合度理論和Lyapunov直接法研究了周期解的存在性和穩(wěn)定性.數(shù)值實驗探究了溫度變化的長期效應(yīng)和短期效應(yīng)對浮游植物生長的影響.結(jié)果顯示,浮游植物豐度變化對水溫變化有較強(qiáng)的強(qiáng)健性.模型預(yù)測結(jié)果與太湖野外觀測數(shù)據(jù)吻合,驗證了模型的適應(yīng)性和可行性.模型從非生物因子角度揭示了浮游植物周期性爆發(fā)的機(jī)制.前面的研究忽略了化學(xué)元素配比對浮游植物生長的影響.考慮磷碳比在水生生物體內(nèi)的異質(zhì)性,基于生態(tài)化學(xué)計量學(xué)方法,推廣由Loladze,Kuang,Elser建立的LKE模型,研究受兩種營養(yǎng)鹽(碳和磷)限制的浮游植物-浮游動物-魚的三維食物鏈模型.理論分析和數(shù)值模擬探究了系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜的動力學(xué)行為.從最大Lyapunov指數(shù)的研究中發(fā)現(xiàn),系統(tǒng)發(fā)生了混沌的動力學(xué)行為.分支分析結(jié)果顯示,浮游植物質(zhì)量(磷碳比)的下降間接對高級捕食者魚類產(chǎn)生了更大的影響.文章最后總結(jié)了研究的主要結(jié)論,列出了本文所參考的主要文獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of abiotic factors on phytoplankton growth were studied by means of kinetic model. This paper first introduces the background, methods and main research work of the research. Based on the kinetic model method, considering the effects of temperature, light intensity and nutrient concentration on phytoplankton growth, a single population dynamics model was established to describe phytoplankton growth. The ecological regeneration index is defined to describe the comprehensive effect of abiotic factors on phytoplankton growth. The ecological regeneration index is used to describe the global dynamic behavior of the model. The effects of temperature, light intensity and nutrient concentration on the level of phytoplankton equilibrium population were discussed numerically. The feasibility of the model is verified by combining model prediction with experimental data. The model provides a theoretical framework for the study of phytoplankton dynamics in submersible lakes and provides a theoretical basis for the control strategy of phytoplankton eruption in lakes. Based on the study of the effect of normal abiotic factors on phytoplankton growth, a nonautonomous dynamic model was established to describe phytoplankton growth, considering the seasonal variation of temperature. The ecological regeneration indexes used to describe the effects of seasonal temperature changes on phytoplankton growth in nonautonomous systems were calculated. The existence and stability of periodic solutions are studied by using coincidence degree theory and Lyapunov direct method. The long-term and short-term effects of temperature change on phytoplankton growth were investigated by numerical experiments. The results showed that phytoplankton abundance had strong robustness to water temperature change. The model prediction results are in agreement with the field observation data of Taihu Lake, which verifies the adaptability and feasibility of the model. The model reveals the mechanism of periodic phytoplankton eruptions from the perspective of abiotic factors. The previous study ignored the effect of chemical element ratios on phytoplankton growth. Considering the heterogeneity of phosphorus to carbon ratio in aquatic organisms, based on ecochemometrics method, the LKE model established by Loladzea Kuangzao Elser was extended to study the three-dimensional food chain model of phytoplankton, zooplankton and fish, which was limited by two nutrient salts (carbon and phosphorus). The complex dynamic behavior of the system is investigated by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. From the study of the largest Lyapunov exponent, it is found that the chaotic dynamics of the system occurs. The results of branch analysis showed that the decline of phytoplankton mass (P / C ratio) had a greater effect on the advanced predator fish. Finally, the main conclusions of the study are summarized, and the main references are listed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O175

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