本文選題：珠江口盆地 + 碳酸鹽巖礁灘　； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：截止到2005年,全球碳酸鹽巖儲(chǔ)層油氣藏儲(chǔ)量超過全球大型油氣藏總儲(chǔ)量的50%。在國內(nèi)近十年的油氣勘探中,以碳酸鹽巖儲(chǔ)層為代表的大型油氣藏不斷涌現(xiàn),如普光氣田、元壩氣田、塔里木奧陶系油氣藏等,展示了國內(nèi)碳酸鹽巖儲(chǔ)層油氣藏的巨大勘探潛力。碳酸鹽巖生物礁灘儲(chǔ)層也是是南海東北部含油氣盆地中油氣成藏規(guī)模僅次于砂巖的儲(chǔ)層類型,勘探潛力巨大。經(jīng)過30多年的油氣勘探,在珠江口盆地東沙隆起碳酸鹽巖儲(chǔ)層中先后發(fā)現(xiàn)了多個(gè)生物礁灘型油氣藏,其中儲(chǔ)量超過2億噸的近海生物礁油田—LH11-1油田就是其典型代表(陳長民,2000、2003;汪瑞良等,2010a、2010b)。近十年來,在珠江口盆地勘探中未發(fā)現(xiàn)中-大型的碳酸鹽巖油氣田,究其原因是常規(guī)構(gòu)造型圈閉的碳酸鹽巖儲(chǔ)層已經(jīng)較少,而碳酸鹽巖礁灘儲(chǔ)層的巖性圈閉研究還沒有完全跟上。然而,碳酸鹽巖礁灘儲(chǔ)層本身分布較為復(fù)雜,其中生物礁容易與火山、泥丘為代表的丘狀體相混淆,而生物灘規(guī)律性更差,識(shí)別難度更大,碳酸鹽巖礁灘儲(chǔ)層研究難度顯而易見。地質(zhì)學(xué)領(lǐng)域?qū)μ妓猁}巖礁灘儲(chǔ)層的研究一般是按照層序地層研究+沉積相研究+成巖作用研究的思路進(jìn)行綜合分析,成果往往對(duì)油氣田勘探開發(fā)具有較強(qiáng)的指導(dǎo)意義。但這種思路要求井點(diǎn)數(shù)量多、巖心巖屑薄片資料豐富、露頭資料典型等較多地質(zhì)常備基礎(chǔ)資料,而海上鉆井成本高,鉆井?dāng)?shù)量少、密度稀疏,巖心巖屑資料更是寶貴稀少,這為完全由地質(zhì)思路進(jìn)行海上碳酸鹽巖儲(chǔ)層綜合研究帶來了很大的障礙。鑒于海上特殊的地質(zhì)資料條件,本文以層序地層劃分(地震地層為主)+地震相分析+儲(chǔ)層預(yù)測(cè)方法研究+地震沉積成像分析作為研究思路,將三維地震資料研究放在碳酸鹽巖礁灘儲(chǔ)層研究的突出位置,充分利用三維地震資料的縱橫向分辨率,將層序界面分析成果、巖石類型分析成果和巖石物理分析成果作為碳酸鹽巖儲(chǔ)層預(yù)測(cè)依據(jù),以多信息融合相控反演技術(shù)和地震沉積學(xué)研究思路對(duì)研究區(qū)碳酸鹽巖礁灘儲(chǔ)層進(jìn)行剖析,并對(duì)碳酸鹽巖礁灘儲(chǔ)層縱橫向分布進(jìn)行精細(xì)刻畫,利用井點(diǎn)巖性對(duì)地震沉積成像進(jìn)行標(biāo)定,最終得到可靠的而有利的碳酸鹽巖礁灘儲(chǔ)層范圍及分布。這種思路優(yōu)勢(shì)在于少井、少地質(zhì)資料的背景下,將有限的地質(zhì)資料、井資料和三維地震資料充分結(jié)合,最大化、最優(yōu)化利用研究區(qū)地震資料進(jìn)行碳酸鹽巖礁灘儲(chǔ)層刻畫,減少完全由地質(zhì)思路出發(fā)研究對(duì)地質(zhì)資料的過度依賴,提高碳酸鹽巖礁灘儲(chǔ)層預(yù)測(cè)方法的可靠性及預(yù)測(cè)精度。通過上述碳酸鹽巖儲(chǔ)層預(yù)測(cè)方法在研究區(qū)的應(yīng)用,識(shí)別并圈定有利儲(chǔ)集相帶的臺(tái)緣礁、臺(tái)內(nèi)礁、臺(tái)內(nèi)灘體的范圍,其中在研究區(qū)識(shí)別出臺(tái)內(nèi)礁灘復(fù)合體面積超過100平方公里,厚度超過85m,為研究區(qū)最為有利的碳酸鹽巖儲(chǔ)層;臺(tái)地邊緣生物礁面積超過40平方公里,厚度超過50m,為研究區(qū)次有利碳酸鹽巖儲(chǔ)層。結(jié)合研究區(qū)構(gòu)造特征、蓋層特征、油氣運(yùn)移通道、烴類特征,綜合分析了兩個(gè)有利勘探目標(biāo),其中目標(biāo)Ⅰ具有大型構(gòu)造巖性復(fù)合圈閉特征,勘探潛力巨大,為后續(xù)研究區(qū)勘探提供了依據(jù),也為類似的海上碳酸鹽巖儲(chǔ)層研究提供了可借鑒的思路和實(shí)用的技術(shù)方法。
[Abstract]:By the year of 2005, the 50%. of the global carbonate reservoir reserves exceeded the total of the global large oil and gas reserves. In the recent ten years of domestic oil and gas exploration, the large oil and gas reservoirs represented by carbonate reservoirs are constantly emerging, such as the Puguang gas field, Guangyuan gas field and the Tarim Ordovician oil and gas reservoir, showing the domestic carbonate reservoir oil and gas reservoirs. The carbonate bioreef beach reservoir is also the reservoir type of oil and gas reservoir in the petroliferous basin in the northeast of the South China Sea, and the exploration potential is huge. After more than 30 years of oil and gas exploration, many bioreef shoal reservoirs have been found in the carbonate reservoir of the East Sha long, the Pearl River Mouth Basin. The offshore reef oil field over 2 billion tons - LH11-1 oilfield is its typical representative (Chen Changmin, 20002003; Wang Ruiliang, and so on, 2010a, 2010b). In the last ten years, the middle and large carbonate oil and gas fields have not been found in the exploration of the Pearl River Mouth Basin. The reason is that the carbonate reservoir of the conventional tectonic type is less than that of the carbonate rock. The study of lithologic traps in the reservoir has not been fully followed. However, the carbonate reef beach reservoir itself is more complex, in which the reefs are easily confused with the colliculus represented by volcanoes and mud dunes, but the regularity of the beaches is worse, the difficulty of recognition is greater, and the difficulty in the study of carbonate reef Shoal Reservoir is obvious. The research of reef beach reservoir is generally analyzed in accordance with the train of thought of sequence stratigraphic study + sedimentary facies study + diagenesis research. The results often have strong guiding significance for oil and gas exploration and development. However, this idea requires more well point number, rich core cuttings thin sheet data and outcrop data, and so on. In addition, the cost of drilling at sea is high, the number of drilling is few, the density is sparse, and the data of core debris is more precious and scarce. This is a great obstacle to the comprehensive study of marine carbonate reservoir by geological thinking. In view of the special geological data conditions at sea, this paper divides the stratigraphic stratigraphic division (seismic stratigraphy mainly) + seismic facies analysis + reservoir. The study of prediction method and seismic sedimentary imaging analysis is the research idea, and the study of 3D seismic data is put on the prominent position of the study of carbonate reef beach reservoir, and the vertical and horizontal resolution of 3D seismic data is fully utilized. The results of sequence interface analysis, rock type analysis and petrophysical analysis are used as the carbonate reservoir. According to the method of multi information fusion phase control inversion and seismic sedimentology, the carbonate reef reservoir of the study area is analyzed, and the longitudinal and transverse distribution of the carbonate reef beach reservoir is fine depicted. The seismic sedimentary imaging is calibrated by the well point lithology, and the reliable and favorable carbonate reef Shoal Reservoir is finally obtained. Under the background of less well and less geological data, this train of thought will combine the limited geological data, well data and 3D seismic data to the maximum, optimize the use of seismic data in the study area to describe the carbonate reef beach reservoir, and reduce the excessive dependence on geological data from the geological train of thought. The reliability and prediction accuracy of high carbonate rock reef reservoir prediction method. Through the application of the above carbonate reservoir prediction method in the study area, the area of the platform margin reef, the inner reef and the flat beach body of the favorable reservoir facies belt are identified and delineated, in which the area of the reef beach complex is over 100 square kilometers and the thickness is over 85 in the study area. M is the most favorable carbonate reservoir in the study area. The area of the platform edge reef is over 40 square kilometers and the thickness is more than 50m. It is the second favorable carbonate reservoir in the study area. It combines the structural features of the study area, the characteristics of the cover layer, the hydrocarbon migration channel and the hydrocarbon characteristics, and comprehensively analyzes the two favorable exploration targets, among which the target I has large structure. The characteristics of lithologic complex trap and great potential for exploration provide the basis for the exploration in the follow-up study area, and provide a reference and practical technical method for the study of similar marine carbonate reservoir.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：P618.13

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本文編號(hào)：2111117