本文選題：超寬帶 + 微波��； 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：混沌信號(hào)具有寬帶、非線性、類(lèi)噪聲的功率譜等特性,可以廣泛應(yīng)用于保密通信、超寬帶通信、擴(kuò)頻通信、混沌雷達(dá)、電子對(duì)抗等諸多領(lǐng)域。混沌電路研究的核心之一是混沌信號(hào)發(fā)生器的設(shè)計(jì)。信號(hào)帶寬是混沌信號(hào)發(fā)生器的重要性能指標(biāo),影響混沌信號(hào)帶寬的主要因素是混沌振蕩基本頻率,因此混沌信號(hào)發(fā)生器設(shè)計(jì)的主要目標(biāo)是提升混沌振蕩基本頻率以獲得超寬帶的混沌信號(hào)帶寬。Colpitts混沌電路可以工作在微波頻段,逐漸成為混沌電路的研究熱點(diǎn)。不過(guò)經(jīng)典Colpitts混沌電路由于受到低品質(zhì)因子Q值及晶體管基極-集電極寄生電容的影響,混沌振蕩基本頻率只能達(dá)到所使用晶體管截止頻率的十分之一左右。本文通過(guò)解非線性狀態(tài)方程得出經(jīng)典混沌電路的混沌分岔圖,并以混沌分岔圖為基礎(chǔ),從數(shù)學(xué)和物理的角度解釋混沌振蕩與一般振蕩之間的區(qū)別。利用導(dǎo)出的振蕩器負(fù)阻表達(dá)式,定性和定量的分析寄生電容對(duì)負(fù)阻的影響。然后將振蕩器中的負(fù)阻提升技術(shù)引入到混沌電路的設(shè)計(jì)中,并設(shè)計(jì)了雙電感負(fù)阻提升的混沌電路、兩級(jí)負(fù)阻提升的混沌電路和差分結(jié)構(gòu)的混沌電路,實(shí)現(xiàn)混沌振蕩頻率、帶寬和穩(wěn)定性的提升。理論及仿真分析表明：1、優(yōu)化的雙電感結(jié)構(gòu)混沌電路在滿(mǎn)足混沌振蕩的條件下能有效抑制基極-集電極寄生電容對(duì)負(fù)阻的影響；2、通過(guò)在單級(jí)混沌電路中加入一級(jí)負(fù)阻電路而形成的兩級(jí)負(fù)阻提升結(jié)構(gòu)的混沌電路可以實(shí)現(xiàn)負(fù)阻提升2倍；3、基于雙電感和兩級(jí)負(fù)阻提升技術(shù)提出的差分結(jié)構(gòu)混沌電路,提升了混沌電路的穩(wěn)定性。穩(wěn)定性的提升進(jìn)一步使得電路的調(diào)試更容易,因而可以利用器件的寄生電容作為主振蕩器件,將混沌振蕩頻率推進(jìn)到器件所能達(dá)到的極限頻率。本文分別基于BFG520三極管和2um砷化鎵HBT工藝對(duì)新型混沌電路進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn),測(cè)試最高混沌基本振蕩頻率達(dá)到了2.82GHz以上,較現(xiàn)有公開(kāi)報(bào)道的最高基頻1.60GHz提升了75%,具有連續(xù)混沌信號(hào)頻譜的總帶寬達(dá)到了9.04GHz(0.56GHz-9.60GHz),功率譜差值10dB以?xún)?nèi)的連續(xù)頻譜帶寬達(dá)到了：1.92GHz(1.28GHz-3.20GHz)、2.30GHz(3.20GHz-5.50GHz)、3.20GHz(6.40GHz-9.60GHz)。
[Abstract]:Chaotic signal has the characteristics of wideband, nonlinear and noise-like power spectrum. It can be widely used in many fields, such as secure communication, UWB communication, spread spectrum communication, chaotic radar, electronic countermeasure and so on. The design of chaotic signal generator is one of the core of chaotic circuit research. Signal bandwidth is an important performance index of chaotic signal generator. The main factor affecting the bandwidth of chaotic signal is the basic frequency of chaotic oscillation. Therefore, the main goal of chaotic signal generator design is to increase the basic frequency of chaotic oscillation to obtain ultra-wideband chaotic signal bandwidth. Colpitts chaotic circuit can work in microwave frequency band, and gradually become the research hotspot of chaotic circuit. However, due to the influence of low quality factor Q and parasitic capacitance of transistor base collector, the basic frequency of chaotic oscillation of Colpitts chaotic circuit can only reach about 1/10 of the cutoff frequency of the transistor used. In this paper, the chaotic bifurcation diagram of classical chaotic circuit is obtained by solving the nonlinear state equation. Based on the chaotic bifurcation diagram, the difference between chaotic oscillation and general oscillation is explained from the point of view of mathematics and physics. The influence of parasitic capacitance on negative resistance is analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by using the derived expression of negative resistance of oscillator. Then, the negative resistance lifting technique of the oscillator is introduced into the design of chaotic circuit, and the chaotic circuit with double inductor negative resistance lifting, the chaotic circuit with two-stage negative resistance lifting and the chaotic circuit with differential structure are designed to realize the chaotic oscillation frequency. Improved bandwidth and stability. Theoretical and simulation analysis show that the optimized two-inductor chaotic circuit can effectively suppress the effect of parasitic capacitance of base collector on negative resistance under the condition of chaotic oscillation. The chaotic circuit with two-stage negative-resistance lifting structure formed by resistive circuit can realize 2-fold negative-resistance lifting. Based on the technique of double inductance and two-stage negative-resistance lifting, the chaotic circuit with differential structure is proposed. The stability of chaotic circuit is improved. The improvement of stability makes it easier to debug the circuit, so the parasitic capacitance of the device can be used as the main oscillator to push the chaotic oscillation frequency to the limit frequency that the device can achieve. In this paper, a novel chaotic circuit is designed and implemented based on BFG520 transistor and 2um GaAs HBT process respectively. The maximum chaotic basic oscillation frequency is over 2.82GHz. Compared with the publicly reported maximum fundamental frequency (1.60GHz), the total bandwidth of the frequency spectrum with continuous chaotic signals reaches 9.04 GHz, 0.56 GHz and 9.60 GHz, and the bandwidth of the continuous spectrum within the power spectrum difference 10dB reaches 1.92 GHz 1.28 GHz 3.20 GHz 2.30 GHz 3.20 GHz 3.50 GHz 3.20 GHz 3.20 GHz 6.40 GHz 9.60 GHz.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：O415.5;TM132

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