本文選題：情緒調(diào)節(jié) + 性別差異　； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：情緒調(diào)節(jié)是個(gè)體對(duì)情緒知覺(jué)、體驗(yàn)和反應(yīng)過(guò)程施加影響的一種能力。這種能力可以有效地幫助個(gè)體理解和調(diào)節(jié)情緒,對(duì)于個(gè)體的身心健康極為重要。而在個(gè)體對(duì)情緒的知覺(jué)、體驗(yàn)和反應(yīng)的調(diào)節(jié)過(guò)程中存在極大的性別差異。這種性別差異可能是造成男女易患不同精神疾病或情緒障礙的關(guān)鍵原因。然而,對(duì)這種情緒調(diào)節(jié)性別差異的生理機(jī)制我們?nèi)匀恢跎�。前人研究發(fā)現(xiàn)情緒調(diào)節(jié)涉及兩條腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)路,第一條體現(xiàn)為前額葉對(duì)負(fù)性情緒產(chǎn)生系統(tǒng)的抑制,前額葉活動(dòng)增強(qiáng),導(dǎo)致杏仁核、腦島活動(dòng)減弱,這種負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系與成功的情緒調(diào)節(jié)有關(guān);第二條體現(xiàn)為前額葉對(duì)正性情緒的激發(fā),前額葉活動(dòng)增強(qiáng),導(dǎo)致伏隔核活動(dòng)增強(qiáng),這種正相關(guān)關(guān)系與成功的情緒調(diào)節(jié)有關(guān)。因此,本論文采用靜息態(tài)功能磁共振技術(shù),基于杏仁核、腦島和伏隔核等情緒相關(guān)腦區(qū)的更精細(xì)圖譜,考察了性別與情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力相關(guān)的腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)差異模式,探討男女情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力個(gè)體差異背后的生理機(jī)制。本研究主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新點(diǎn)如下：1.基于杏仁核精細(xì)分區(qū)的靜息態(tài)功能連接模式,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力相關(guān)的性別差異僅表現(xiàn)在中央內(nèi)側(cè)杏仁核(Centromedial, CM)相關(guān)的靜息態(tài)功能網(wǎng)絡(luò)上。女性更高的情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力主要與背側(cè)前腦島和顳上回與CM的功能連接增強(qiáng)有關(guān)；而男性更高的情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力主要與內(nèi)側(cè)額上回與CM的功能連接增強(qiáng)有關(guān)。2.基于腦島精細(xì)分區(qū)的靜息態(tài)功能連接模式,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)男女情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力相關(guān)的性別差異僅表現(xiàn)在背側(cè)前腦島相關(guān)的靜息態(tài)功能網(wǎng)絡(luò)上。女性情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力越強(qiáng),腹內(nèi)側(cè)眶額皮層和右側(cè)背側(cè)前腦島連接越強(qiáng)；男性情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力越強(qiáng),外側(cè)眶額皮層和左側(cè)背側(cè)前腦島的連接越弱。3.利用腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)組圖譜(Brainnetome atlas)和靜息態(tài)功能連接分析方法,研究了左右側(cè)伏隔核與腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)組圖譜中其余244個(gè)腦區(qū)之間的功能連接是否存在情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力的性別差異。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力越強(qiáng)的男性,其右側(cè)伏隔核與右側(cè)后扣帶的連接越強(qiáng)：情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力越強(qiáng)的女性,其右側(cè)伏隔核與顳中回、背側(cè)前腦島的連接越強(qiáng),以及左側(cè)伏隔核與右側(cè)額下回和背側(cè)前腦島的連接越強(qiáng)。4.在情緒面孔識(shí)別任務(wù)中,高情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力的男性對(duì)于情緒信息的加工更加有效率,高情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力的女性對(duì)于情緒信息加工的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng),可能涉及更多精細(xì)加工;在情緒調(diào)節(jié)任務(wù)中,高情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力的女性對(duì)負(fù)性情緒的調(diào)節(jié)更有效,高情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力男性對(duì)正性情緒的調(diào)節(jié)更有效；高情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力的男性認(rèn)知重評(píng)得分顯著高于低情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力的男性,而高情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力的女性的表達(dá)抑制得分約低于低情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力的女性。綜上,我們利用靜息態(tài)功能連接的方法,基于情緒調(diào)節(jié)環(huán)路核心腦區(qū)的精細(xì)圖譜,系統(tǒng)地研究了男女情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力在情緒相關(guān)腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的表征,并在行為上驗(yàn)證了情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力不同的男女在情緒知覺(jué)和調(diào)節(jié)過(guò)程中的性別差異。靜息態(tài)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)情緒調(diào)節(jié)的性別差異主要表現(xiàn)在中央內(nèi)側(cè)杏仁核、背側(cè)前腦島和伏隔核相關(guān)的神經(jīng)環(huán)路上,并且男女具有不同的神經(jīng)環(huán)路。男性涉及到自上而下的認(rèn)知描述評(píng)估系統(tǒng)(主要是內(nèi)側(cè)額上回和后扣帶)對(duì)中央內(nèi)側(cè)杏仁核和伏隔核的調(diào)節(jié),以及自上而下的結(jié)果評(píng)估系統(tǒng)(主要是外側(cè)眶額皮層)對(duì)背側(cè)前腦島的調(diào)節(jié)；女性涉及到自上而下的結(jié)果評(píng)估系統(tǒng)(主要是右側(cè)額下回)、自下而上的知覺(jué)評(píng)估系統(tǒng)(主要是顳上回和顳中回)與情感評(píng)估系統(tǒng)(主要是背側(cè)前腦島)對(duì)中央內(nèi)側(cè)杏仁核和伏隔核的調(diào)節(jié),以及自上而下的結(jié)果評(píng)估系統(tǒng)(主要是腹內(nèi)側(cè)眶額皮層)對(duì)背側(cè)前腦島的調(diào)節(jié)有關(guān)�？梢�(jiàn)對(duì)情緒的調(diào)節(jié),男性主要是自上而下的系統(tǒng)參與,女性不僅有自上而下的系統(tǒng),還涉及更多自下而上的系統(tǒng)參與,這可能是行為研究中高情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力的男性對(duì)于情緒信息的加工比女性更加有效率的原因。該研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)能夠幫助我們更好地理解男女情緒調(diào)節(jié)個(gè)體差異的表象以及背后的生理機(jī)制,有助于針對(duì)不同性別制定更有效的改善方案,以改善個(gè)體的情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力,為治療和避免情緒失調(diào)為主要特征的相關(guān)精神疾病提供參考。
[Abstract]:Emotional regulation is an individual's ability to influence emotional perception, experience, and reaction process. This ability can effectively help individuals understand and regulate emotions, and is extremely important to the individual's physical and mental health. There is a great gender difference in the individual's perception of emotion, experience and reaction. It may be the key cause of different mental and emotional disorders in men and women. However, we still know little about the physiological mechanisms of this kind of emotion regulation. Previous studies have found that emotional regulation involves two brain networks, the first is the inhibition of the prefrontal lobe to negative emotion, and the enhancement of prefrontal activity. In the amygdala, the activity of the amygdala and the insula are weakened, and this negative correlation is related to the successful emotional regulation; the second is the stimulation of positive emotion in the prefrontal lobe, the enhancement of prefrontal activity, and the enhancement of the nucleus accumbens activity, which is related to the successful emotional regulation. Therefore, this paper uses resting state functional magnetic resonance technology. In the amygdala, the insula, and the nucleus accumbens, the more detailed maps of the emotional related brain regions, such as the brain and the nucleus accumbens, have been used to investigate the brain network difference patterns related to the ability of sex and emotion regulation, and to explore the physiological mechanisms behind the individual differences in the ability to regulate the emotion of men and women. The main innovations of this study are as follows: 1. the resting state function connection mode based on the fine partition of the amygdala kernel is made. The gender differences related to emotion regulation were found only in the resting state function network related to the Centromedial (CM). The higher emotional adjustment ability of women was mainly related to the enhancement of functional connection between the anterior dorsal frontal insula and the upper temporal gyrus and CM, while the higher emotional adjustment ability of men was mainly with the medial frontal gyrus. The functional connection with CM enhanced the resting state function connection model based on the fine zoning of the insula. The results showed that the gender differences related to the emotional adjustment ability of men and women were only on the resting state function network related to the dorsal frontal insula. The stronger the ability of women's emotional regulation, the stronger the inner side of the frontal cortex and the right dorsal front of the forebrain island. The stronger the ability of the men's emotion regulation, the weaker the connection between the lateral orbital frontal cortex and the left dorsal forebrain island..3. uses the method of Brainnetome atlas and resting state function connection analysis to investigate whether the functional connection between the left and right nucleus accumbens and the other 244 brain regions in the brain network map spectrum has the ability of emotional regulation. The more powerful men with emotional regulation, the stronger the right ventricular septum and the right posterior cingulate: the stronger the mood regulating ability, the stronger the right ventricular septum and the middle temporal gyrus, the stronger the dorsal forebrain Island, and the stronger the.4. in the left ventricular septum and the right inferior frontal and dorsal forebrain Islands. In other tasks, men with high emotional regulation are more efficient in the processing of emotional information. Women with high emotional regulation can process emotional information longer and may involve more fine processing. In emotional adjustment tasks, women with high emotional regulation are more effective in regulating negative emotions and high emotional adjustment ability. Men are more effective in regulating positive emotions; men with high emotional regulation are significantly higher than men with low emotional regulation, while those with high emotional regulation are less than women with low emotional regulation. The fine map of the core brain area of the road was used to systematically study the characteristics of the emotional regulation ability of men and women on the emotional brain network, and to verify the gender differences between men and women with different emotional regulation ability in emotional perception and regulation. The nucleus, the dorsal anterior insula, and the nucleus accumbens associated with the nerve loop, and the men and women have different neural circuits. Men are involved in the top-down cognitive description assessment system (mainly the medial frontal and posterior cingles) regulating the central medial amygdala and nucleus accumbens, and the top-down outcome assessment system (mainly the lateral orbital forehead). Regulation of the island of the dorsal forebrain; women involved the top-down outcome assessment system (mainly the right and lower frontal gyrus), the top-down perception assessment system (mainly the upper temporal and middle temporal gyrus) and the emotional assessment system (mainly the dorsal anterior insula) Regulation of the central medial amygdala and nucleus accumbens, and the top-down results. The evaluation system (mainly the intraorbital frontal cortex) is related to the regulation of the dorsal forebrain island. It is seen that men are mainly involved in the top-down system. Women not only have a top-down system, but also involve more top-down system participation. This may be a man with high emotional regulation in the study of emotional letters. The findings of the study are more efficient than women. The findings can help us better understand the representation of individual differences in the mood of men and women, as well as the physiological mechanisms behind them, and help to make more effective improvements to different sexes in order to improve the individual's emotional tone ability and to treat and avoid emotional disorders. The characteristics of the related mental diseases provide reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R338

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 黃韞慧;呂愛(ài)芹;王壘;施俊琦;;大學(xué)生情緒智力量表的效度檢驗(yàn)[J];北京大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2008年06期

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