本文選題：海水交換 + 普蘭店灣��； 參考：《大連海事大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：海灣是沿海經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要自然資源,海水交換能力與自凈能力對海洋環(huán)境的保護(hù)和污染排放的控制至關(guān)重要。本文以簡單的二維定常流動為例,以N-S方程為基礎(chǔ),采用渦流函數(shù)方程,指出依據(jù)濃度方程計算水體交換率的不合理之處,并提出了水體交換能力與自凈能力的計算方法。針對三維非定常流動,基于非定常的深度平均方程,采用粒子追蹤等數(shù)值方法,建立了實用的三維淺海水體交換及自凈能力的計算模型,為實際應(yīng)用奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。普蘭店灣具有河口溺谷型的海灣特征。以簸箕島為界,東側(cè)的內(nèi)灣狹長擁窄,灣內(nèi)圍海養(yǎng)殖堤壩密布,內(nèi)灣口口門南北分布著松木島和三十里堡港口航運區(qū)。本文在掌握普蘭店灣的資源環(huán)境與開發(fā)概況基礎(chǔ)上,采用完整的深度平均淺水方程對普蘭店灣的潮流場進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,并利用實測數(shù)據(jù)對模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行驗證。結(jié)合普蘭店灣整治方案,分別基于粒子追蹤法和濃度擴散方程對整治前后普蘭店灣的海水交換率和自凈率進(jìn)行了計算。結(jié)果表明,整治后海水交換率由0.2增加到0.3,海水自凈率由0.6增加到0.65,可見整治后普蘭店灣的海水交換率與自凈率雖有增加,但普蘭店灣的溺谷特性使海水交換與自凈能力未達(dá)到根本性改善。以簸箕島為界的東側(cè)海域狹長,整治后雖將灣內(nèi)的堤壩拆除,平整了海岸線邊界,但簸箕島處的灣口寬度依然很窄,灣內(nèi)的海水質(zhì)點不容易借助對流與外灣達(dá)到交換,從而限制了整治后普蘭店灣海水交換與自凈能力的大幅提升。低至0.3的海水交換率意味著普蘭店灣海域一旦發(fā)生溢油污染,污染物很容易長時間滯留在內(nèi)灣,而內(nèi)灣兩岸的海域功能為工業(yè)與城鎮(zhèn)區(qū),在海域的環(huán)境承載能力如此脆弱的情況下,提高對該海域溢油污染風(fēng)險的防范能力是非常必要的。本文從普蘭店灣近岸海域分離出一株能降解石油烴的交替假單胞菌,該菌株在22℃、120r/min的條件下,對0#柴油7日降解率可達(dá)到47.2%,可為該區(qū)域海洋溢油污染生物修復(fù)提供菌源,為環(huán)境脆弱的普蘭店灣應(yīng)對溢油污染事故提供了生態(tài)、環(huán)保、安全的處理手段。
[Abstract]:The bay is an important natural resource for coastal economic development. The sea water exchange capacity and self-purification ability are very important to the protection of marine environment and the control of pollution discharge. In this paper, a simple two-dimensional steady flow is taken as an example. Based on N-S equation and eddy current function equation, the unreasonable calculation of water exchange rate based on concentration equation is pointed out, and the calculation method of water exchange capacity and self-purification ability is put forward. Based on the unsteady depth average equation and particle tracing numerical method, a practical calculation model for the exchange and self-purification of 3D shallow water body is established, which lays a theoretical foundation for practical application. Prandon Bay has the characteristics of estuarine drowning gulf. With Boji Island as the boundary, the inner bay on the east side is narrow and narrow, the inner bay is surrounded by a large dam of aquiculture, and the north and south of the entrance door of the inner bay are distributed with pine island and the port shipping area of Sanxibao. In this paper, based on the general situation of resources, environment and development of Prandan Bay, a complete depth average shallow water equation is used to simulate the tidal current field in Plantan Bay, and the simulation results are verified by the measured data. Based on particle tracing method and concentration diffusion equation, the seawater exchange rate and self-purification rate of Plantan Bay before and after treatment were calculated. The results showed that the seawater exchange rate increased from 0.2 to 0.3, and the seawater self-purification rate increased from 0.6 to 0.65. But the water exchange and self-purification capacity of Planton Bay has not been improved fundamentally. The narrow eastern sea area bounded by Boji Island, although the dike in the bay was removed after the renovation, leveling off the coastline boundary, the width of the inlet of the dustpan island is still very narrow, and the sea water particle in the bay is not easily exchanged with the outer bay by means of convection. This limits the capacity of sea water exchange and self-purification in Plantan Bay after regulation. A sea water exchange rate as low as 0.3 means that once oil spills occur in the sea area of Plantan Bay, pollutants can easily stay in the inner bay for a long time, while the functions of both sides of the inner bay are industrial and urban areas. When the environmental carrying capacity of the sea area is so fragile, it is necessary to improve the ability to prevent the oil spill risk in the sea area. In this paper, a petroleum hydrocarbon degrading Pseudomonas alternatus strain was isolated from the near shore of Plantan Bay. Under the condition of 22 鈩，

本文編號：1846968