本文立意于開發(fā)經濟型、高性能的單價離子選擇性分離膜,并將其應用于選擇性離子分離過程。目前,現有的膜基技術,如電滲析(ED)、擴散滲析、反滲透、納濾和超濾等已被許多行業(yè)廣泛采用,以解決分離過程中遇到的諸多難題。在這些技術中,ED過程由于其能耗較低、操作簡單等優(yōu)點,在特定的工業(yè)分離過程中擁有非常突出的優(yōu)勢。尤其當與單價離子選擇性分離膜(MIPMs)結合時,可在不發(fā)生相變的情況下,對多種離子混合溶液體系中單/多價離子實現有效分離。然而,在離子選擇性分離過程中,Fe2+、Mg2+、SO42-等多價離子的存在給實際工藝帶來了嚴重問題,極大地制約了其工藝分離效率的提高。因此,引入新的功能基團,優(yōu)化膜的結構設計,賦予離子選擇性分離膜高的性能和效率以降低運行過程中的成本,對于預期的應用是必不可少的。本文嘗試以聚乙烯醇(PVA)、溴甲基化聚(2,6-二甲基-1,4-苯醚)(BPPO)和磺化聚(2,6-二甲基-1,4-苯醚)(SPPO)等廉價商業(yè)化聚合物為膜材料,采用新穎的構筑策略制備了一系列經濟型、高選擇性單價離子選擇性分離膜,以期解決實際應用中棘手的分離問題。具體工作如下:在第三章中,通過層層組裝(L...

【文章頁數】：128 頁

【學位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
Nomenclature
Acknowledgement
摘要
Abstract
Chapter 1 Literature survey
    1.1 Aims and background
    1.2 Membrane science
    1.3 Membranes materials and filtration processes classification
        1.3.1 Ion exchange membranes
            1.3.1.1 Anion Exchange Membranes (AEMs)
            1.3.1.2 Cation exchange membranes (CEMs)
            1.3.1.3 Monovalent ion perms-selective membranes
            1.3.1.4 Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs)
    1.4 Applications
        1.4.1 Selective electrodialysis (SED)
    1.5 Thesis Outlines
Chapter 2 Characterization of membranes
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Physiochemical properties
        2.2.1 Cation exchange capacity (CEC)
        2.2.2 Anion exchange capacity (AEC)
        2.2.3 Transport number (tCl-
) and membrane resistance (R_M)
        2.2.4 Current-Voltage (Ⅰ-Ⅴ) curve
        2.2.5 SEM, TGA, DMA, and ATR-FTIR analysis
        2.2.6 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)
        2.2.7 Electrodialysis (ED)
Chapter 3 CEMs integrated with cationic and anionic layers for selective cationseparation
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Experimental section
        3.2.1 Materials
        3.2.2 Synthesis of P-COOH membrane
        3.2.3 Synthesis of QPPO
        3.2.4 Surface modification of P-COOH membrane
    3.3 Results and discussion
        3.3.1 CEC and WU

        3.3.2 ¹H HMR and ATR-FTIR analysis
        3.3.3 Thermal stability
        3.3.4 Morphology of membranes
        3.3.5 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)
        3.3.6 Current-Voltage (Ⅰ-Ⅴ) curve
        3.3.7 Ion flux and perm-selectivity
    3.4 Summary
Chapter 4 SPPO-based CEMs with a positively charged layer for selective cationseparation
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Experimental section
        4.2.1 Materials
        4.2.2 Preparation of the SPVA based CEM
        4.2.3 Surface modification of SPVA membrane
    4.3 Results and discussion
        4.3.1 ATR-FTIR analysis
        4.3.2 Morphology of membranes
        4.3.3 Physiochemical characteristics
        4.3.4 Thermal and Mechanical stability
        4.3.5 Current-Voltage (Ⅰ-Ⅴ) curves
        4.3.6 Ion flux and perm-selectivity
        4.3.7 Operational stability
    4.4 Summary
Chapter 5 Zwitterionic membranes for selective cations separation
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Experimental section
        5.2.1 Materials
        5.2.2 Synthesis of zwitterion membrane
    5.3 Results and discussion
        5.3.1 Physiochemical characteristics
        5.3.2 ATR-FTIR analysis
        5.3.3 Morphology of membrane
        5.3.4 Current-Voltage (Ⅰ-Ⅴ) curves
        5.3.5 Ion flux and perm-selectivity
        5.3.6 Contrast experiment
    5.4 Summary
Chapter 6 In-suit interfacial polymerization endows surface enrichment of-COOHgroups on AEMs for efficient Cl^-/SO4
2- separation
    6.1 Introduction
    6.2 Experimental section
        6.2.1 Materials
        6.2.2 Preparation of the TMQ membranes
    6.3 Results and discussion
        6.3.1 XPS analysis
        6.3.2 SEM and AFM analysis
        6.3.3 ζ-zeta potential analysis
        6.3.4 W_U,IEC,R_M,and tCl^{-
of membranes
        6.3.5 Current-Voltage (Ⅰ-Ⅴ) curve
        6.3.6 Ions flux and perm-selectivity (Cl-/SO_4
2-} system)
        6.3.7 Operational stability
    6.4 Summary
Chapter 7 Comparative analysis and prospective plans
References
List of publications



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