大氣氣溶膠VH-TDMA裝置建立及吸濕和揮發(fā)特性研究
[Abstract]:Environmental pollution is one of the most important problems in the sustainable development of China's economy and society, and the atmospheric aerosol is an important component of the atmospheric composite pollution, and its physical and chemical properties play an important role in the atmospheric environment and the radiation effect. Research hot spots in the area of environmental and climate change. The moisture-absorbing properties of the aerosol can significantly change the particle size, optical characteristic, cloud-condensed nodule activity and chemical reaction activity, and further have a direct and indirect effect on the atmospheric visibility, radiative forcing, acid deposition and human health. Black carbon aerosol is the largest absorber of global aerosol, and its light absorption characteristic is closely related to the mixed state in the atmosphere, which is the focus of people's attention. Because of the complexity of the actual atmospheric aerosol, the mixed state of its hygroscopic nature and the black carbon aerosol is the two key factors of the greatest uncertainty of the direct radiative forcing assessment of the aerosol. A set of volatile moisture-absorbing-tandem differential mobility analyzer (VH-TDMA) is designed. the volatilization characteristic measuring unit is composed of four heating pipes, the heating temperature is 25 DEG C,150 DEG C,250 DEG C and 350 DEG C, the fast switching between different heating temperatures can be realized, and a higher time resolution can be obtained compared with the traditional VTDMA; The moisture absorption characteristic measuring unit can stably control the relative humidity of the aerosol particles in the range of 10% to 90% relative humidity by using the humidifying system designed by the perfluorosulfonic acid pipe, and the accuracy of the relative humidity is 1%. The accuracy of the measurement of particle loss, volatilization and moisture absorption characteristics of the device is evaluated by using the sodium chloride and the sulfur dioxide aerosol generated by the laboratory aerosol generating system, and the reliability and the accuracy of the system are verified through comparison with the results of other research groups. the moisture-absorbing properties of the mixed particles of the two water-soluble organic matter (oxalic acid and succinic acid) associated with the haze and the typical inorganic salts (sulfuric acid and nitrate) under the condition of 10-90% rh were studied using h-tdma, In this paper, the effects of the phase change of oxalic acid and succinic acid in the humidification process on the moisture absorption characteristics of the sulfuric acid and the nitrate are analyzed with the combination of the Zdanovskii-Stokes-Robinson (ZSR) model and the extended-AIM Aerosol Thermodenics Model, and the effect of the phase change of the oxalic acid and the succinic acid in the humidification process on the moisture absorption characteristics of the sulfuric acid and the ferric nitrate is analyzed. In the summer of 2016, A series of field observation experiments were carried out in the national climate observation station of Shouxian County, Anhui Province using the established V-TDMA device. On the one hand, the mixed state of black carbon aerosol with different particle size (50 nm-350 nm) is studied, and the grain spectrum after heating and volatilization is divided into high volatile (HV), medium volatile (MV) and low volatility (LV), HV, The mean fraction of the number of MV and LV was significantly correlated with the particle size. A medium-volatile particle number concentration fraction (Fin) is defined as a parameter to measure the aerosol mixing state. The results of the Fin show that the local external mixed BC is mainly concentrated in the small particle size range, and the MV and LV high values of the large particle size may be due to the full aging of the particulate matter in the process of reaching the rural background site. The relative frequency distribution and the non-significant diurnal variation of the sufficiently concentrated show that the transmitted air mass and the local emission source have similar aging states. In comparison with similar studies, there was a significant difference in the Fin values of different particle size particles, and the Fin value of the direct emission of the black carbon aerosol is low, and the higher the value of the corresponding Fin value as the degree of aging is, the average value of the Fin is the result of the direct emission and the competition of the aging process. The PSCF values for Fins of different particle sizes are different in the spatial distribution, indicating that the potential source contribution sources of mixed carbon-containing aerosols in different sizes are different. The results of the study also show that the transmission plays a major role in the mixed state of the black carbon aerosol in Shouxian station, and shows the correlation with the particle size. On the other hand, the moisture absorption characteristics of 50 ~ 250nm environmental aerosol at 90% relative humidity were studied. The spectral distribution after the growth of the aerosol in this area showed a single peak or a double peak distribution, and the strong and weak hygroscopic growth could be clearly distinguished. The average moisture absorption and growth factor of the weak moisture absorbent component was 1.07. The hygroscopic growth factor of the strong moisture absorbent component is between 1.37 and 1.56 and is positively related to the particle size. The average spectral distribution of the local multi-dispersed aerosol is slightly increased and the double-peak distribution of the non-hygroscopic average spectral distribution, indicating that the moisture-absorbing ability and the proportion of the strong and weak moisture-absorbing components of the different particle-size particles in the local atmosphere are different; The difference of the average spectral distribution of the multi-dispersed aerosol in different time periods (day and night) reflects that the fine-particle particles mainly come from the local emission, and the large-particle-size particles with strong moisture absorption mainly come from the influence of long-range transmission.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:X513
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