我國(guó)綠色船廠構(gòu)建研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-06 08:13
【摘要】：船舶工業(yè)在我國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中具有重要地位,是海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要組成部分,船舶企業(yè)對(duì)周邊陸海環(huán)境影響較大。作為我國(guó)船舶工業(yè)強(qiáng)勁競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的日本、韓國(guó)等,正在對(duì)船舶企業(yè)進(jìn)行以"綠色增效"為核心的研究。我國(guó)船廠面臨的綠色發(fā)展與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)等形勢(shì)嚴(yán)峻。因此,開(kāi)展綠色船廠構(gòu)建研究具有緊迫性、重要性和先進(jìn)性。論文以解決綠色船廠概念不清、發(fā)展方向目標(biāo)不明晰、構(gòu)建與治理方法不系統(tǒng)、缺乏系統(tǒng)的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)、評(píng)價(jià)方法、實(shí)例評(píng)價(jià)等問(wèn)題為目標(biāo),以船廠綠色評(píng)價(jià)與構(gòu)建治理為主題進(jìn)行了研究。第一,在綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)、綠色制造、綠色工業(yè)等理論和"綠色拆船企業(yè)"概念的基礎(chǔ)上,采用科學(xué)抽象方法等和協(xié)同理論理念,系統(tǒng)提出綠色船廠的概念并建立數(shù)學(xué)模型與發(fā)展理念模型,對(duì)綠色船廠發(fā)展的6大方向目標(biāo)進(jìn)行凝練。第二,在對(duì)船廠的生產(chǎn)工藝流程和污染物、污染源進(jìn)行分析的基礎(chǔ)上,系統(tǒng)提出12項(xiàng)綠色船廠構(gòu)建治理的主要方法、關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容及建議措施。第三,采用DPSIR模型和清潔生產(chǎn)的理念及方法,建立了綠色船廠評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)備選庫(kù),對(duì)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行重疊性分析和篩選,去除不符合要求項(xiàng),建立了綠色船廠評(píng)價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)指標(biāo)和專(zhuān)項(xiàng)指標(biāo),系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)建了綠色船廠評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系;,同時(shí)在相關(guān)公約、法規(guī)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等的基礎(chǔ)上,采用類(lèi)比法、專(zhuān)家咨詢(xún)法、文獻(xiàn)研究法和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研法,建立綠色船廠的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。第四,在船級(jí)社針對(duì)船廠生產(chǎn)能力評(píng)估方法的基礎(chǔ)上,綜合采用逐項(xiàng)賦值計(jì)分評(píng)價(jià)法、單項(xiàng)定性加權(quán)積分法和層次分析法,系統(tǒng)提出綠色船廠的評(píng)價(jià)算法,建立了船廠綠色評(píng)價(jià)等級(jí)劃分的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),指出大于等于60分的船廠是綠色船廠,對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)過(guò)程進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。第五,采用實(shí)證研究法,選擇3家不同類(lèi)型船廠,基于論文提出的評(píng)價(jià)體系中10個(gè)基礎(chǔ)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)、6個(gè)一級(jí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)計(jì)算,確定了3家船廠的綠色等級(jí)。采用系統(tǒng)分析法,對(duì)3家船廠的綠色評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析比較:造船廠為深綠等級(jí)(2015年93.26分,2016年94.3分);修造船廠為中綠等級(jí)(2015年85.02分,2016年87.11分);拆船廠為中綠等級(jí)(2015年82.89分;2016年84.6分);修造船廠2016年的"資源與能源利用指標(biāo)"、"生態(tài)指標(biāo)"與拆船廠2016年的"資源與能源利用指標(biāo)"得分比均在80%以下(常綠水平),拆船廠2016年的"生產(chǎn)工藝技術(shù)和裝備指標(biāo)"得分比為65%(淺綠水平),指明實(shí)例船廠在上述方面有提升的空間。評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果與企業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀符合度較好,說(shuō)明評(píng)價(jià)精度較高,評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和方法具有實(shí)用性和適用性,實(shí)現(xiàn)了差別化評(píng)價(jià)不同類(lèi)型船廠的目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:The shipbuilding industry plays an important role in the national economy of our country and is an important part of the marine economy. The shipbuilding enterprises have a great influence on the surrounding land and sea environment. Japan and South Korea, as the strong competitors of China's shipbuilding industry, are carrying out research on "green efficiency" as the core of shipbuilding enterprises. The green development and competition that our country shipyard faces is austere. Therefore, it is urgent, important and advanced to study the construction of green shipyard. The purpose of this paper is to solve the problems such as unclear concept of green shipyard, unclear development direction, unsystematic construction and governance methods, lack of systematic evaluation indexes, evaluation methods, examples, etc. The theme of green evaluation and construction governance of shipyard is studied. First, on the basis of the theories of green economy, green manufacturing, green industry and the concept of "green shipbreaking enterprise", scientific abstract methods and cooperative theory are adopted. The concept of green shipyard is put forward systematically, and the mathematical model and development concept model are established, and the six targets of green shipyard development are condensed. Secondly, based on the analysis of the production process, pollutants and pollution sources of the shipyard, the main methods, key contents and suggestions for the construction and treatment of 12 green shipyards are put forward systematically. Thirdly, using DPSIR model and cleaner production concept and method, the evaluation index alternative library of green shipyard is established, and the overlapping analysis and screening of indicators are carried out to remove the items that do not meet the requirements. The basic index and special index of green shipyard evaluation are established, and the evaluation index system of green shipyard is constructed systematically. At the same time, on the basis of relevant conventions, regulations and standards, the evaluation index standard of green shipyard is established by using analogy method, expert consultation method, literature research method and field investigation method. Fourthly, on the basis of classification society's evaluation method of shipyard production capacity, the evaluation algorithm of green shipyard is put forward systematically by means of item-by-item evaluation method, single qualitative weighted integral method and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The criteria for the classification of green evaluation grades of shipyards are established, and it is pointed out that the shipyards larger than or equal to 60 points are green shipyards, and the evaluation process is optimized. Fifthly, three shipyards of different types are selected by using the empirical research method. Based on the 10 basic evaluation indexes in the evaluation system proposed by the paper and the six special evaluation indexes of the first class, the green grades of the 3 shipyards are determined. The green evaluation results of three shipyards were analyzed and compared by using systematic analysis method: shipyards were classified as dark green (93.26 points in 2015, 94.3 points in 2016), medium green grades in shipyards (85.02 points in 2015, 87.11 points in 2016), and moderate green grade (85.02 points in 2015, 87.11 points in 2016) in shipyards; Shipbreaking yard is medium green (82.89 in 2015 and 84.6 in 2016); The "resource and energy utilization index" of the shipyard in 2016, the "ecological index" and the "resource and energy utilization index" of the shipbreaking yard in 2016 are both below 80% (evergreen level). The "production technology and equipment index" score ratio of shipbreaking yard in 2016 is 65% (light green level), indicating that there is room for improvement in the above aspects. The evaluation results are in good agreement with the present situation of the enterprises, indicating that the evaluation accuracy is high, the evaluation indexes, standards and methods are practical and applicable, and the objective of differential evaluation of different types of shipyards is realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U673;X76
，
本文編號(hào)：2313691
[Abstract]:The shipbuilding industry plays an important role in the national economy of our country and is an important part of the marine economy. The shipbuilding enterprises have a great influence on the surrounding land and sea environment. Japan and South Korea, as the strong competitors of China's shipbuilding industry, are carrying out research on "green efficiency" as the core of shipbuilding enterprises. The green development and competition that our country shipyard faces is austere. Therefore, it is urgent, important and advanced to study the construction of green shipyard. The purpose of this paper is to solve the problems such as unclear concept of green shipyard, unclear development direction, unsystematic construction and governance methods, lack of systematic evaluation indexes, evaluation methods, examples, etc. The theme of green evaluation and construction governance of shipyard is studied. First, on the basis of the theories of green economy, green manufacturing, green industry and the concept of "green shipbreaking enterprise", scientific abstract methods and cooperative theory are adopted. The concept of green shipyard is put forward systematically, and the mathematical model and development concept model are established, and the six targets of green shipyard development are condensed. Secondly, based on the analysis of the production process, pollutants and pollution sources of the shipyard, the main methods, key contents and suggestions for the construction and treatment of 12 green shipyards are put forward systematically. Thirdly, using DPSIR model and cleaner production concept and method, the evaluation index alternative library of green shipyard is established, and the overlapping analysis and screening of indicators are carried out to remove the items that do not meet the requirements. The basic index and special index of green shipyard evaluation are established, and the evaluation index system of green shipyard is constructed systematically. At the same time, on the basis of relevant conventions, regulations and standards, the evaluation index standard of green shipyard is established by using analogy method, expert consultation method, literature research method and field investigation method. Fourthly, on the basis of classification society's evaluation method of shipyard production capacity, the evaluation algorithm of green shipyard is put forward systematically by means of item-by-item evaluation method, single qualitative weighted integral method and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The criteria for the classification of green evaluation grades of shipyards are established, and it is pointed out that the shipyards larger than or equal to 60 points are green shipyards, and the evaluation process is optimized. Fifthly, three shipyards of different types are selected by using the empirical research method. Based on the 10 basic evaluation indexes in the evaluation system proposed by the paper and the six special evaluation indexes of the first class, the green grades of the 3 shipyards are determined. The green evaluation results of three shipyards were analyzed and compared by using systematic analysis method: shipyards were classified as dark green (93.26 points in 2015, 94.3 points in 2016), medium green grades in shipyards (85.02 points in 2015, 87.11 points in 2016), and moderate green grade (85.02 points in 2015, 87.11 points in 2016) in shipyards; Shipbreaking yard is medium green (82.89 in 2015 and 84.6 in 2016); The "resource and energy utilization index" of the shipyard in 2016, the "ecological index" and the "resource and energy utilization index" of the shipbreaking yard in 2016 are both below 80% (evergreen level). The "production technology and equipment index" score ratio of shipbreaking yard in 2016 is 65% (light green level), indicating that there is room for improvement in the above aspects. The evaluation results are in good agreement with the present situation of the enterprises, indicating that the evaluation accuracy is high, the evaluation indexes, standards and methods are practical and applicable, and the objective of differential evaluation of different types of shipyards is realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U673;X76
，
本文編號(hào)：2313691
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