MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床-化學(xué)除磷聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)污水處理及膜污染菌群解析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-04 12:45
【摘要】：污水污泥的處理與處置顯著增加污水處理成本,因此能夠在污水處理過(guò)程中實(shí)現(xiàn)污泥同步減量的水處理工藝備受關(guān)注。課題組在前期研究中將MBR剩余污泥排入蠕蟲(chóng)床,通過(guò)蠕蟲(chóng)的捕食作用實(shí)現(xiàn)了污泥的高效減量、污泥性質(zhì)的改良和膜污染的有效控制。為進(jìn)一步深入分析MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)中污染物去除、膜污染控制機(jī)制與微生物菌群變化的關(guān)系,解決聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)污泥減量的同時(shí)所引發(fā)的磷釋放問(wèn)題,本研究以MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床為研究對(duì)象,考察城市污水在聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)各單元的去除情況和功能菌群變化,解析污泥形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)、污泥特性和微生物菌群變化對(duì)膜污染的影響,構(gòu)建MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床-化學(xué)除磷聯(lián)合系統(tǒng),明確其優(yōu)化控制條件,實(shí)現(xiàn)污水中磷的高效去除。聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)中污染物去除與微生物菌群變化關(guān)系的研究表明:蠕蟲(chóng)床的捕食與代謝過(guò)程導(dǎo)致聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)中MBR的化學(xué)需氧量(COD)、氨氮(NH4+-N)和總磷(TP)負(fù)荷分別增加0.8%、3.4%和11.3%,但聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)中MBR對(duì)三者的去除率較傳統(tǒng)MBR分別提高了2.0%、5.2%和1.7%,MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)較傳統(tǒng)MBR具有更高的污水處理效果;MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)中,與蛋白質(zhì)降解、碳水化合物轉(zhuǎn)化和氨氧化有關(guān)的功能菌群得到了富集,其中Saprospiraceae bacterium、Klebsiella和Dechloromonas較傳統(tǒng)MBR分別提高了4.0%、6.5%和5.9%,氨氧化菌(AOB)活性較傳統(tǒng)MBR提高了11.6%。聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)膜污染控制機(jī)制及其與微生物菌群變化關(guān)系的研究表明:與傳統(tǒng)MBR相比,聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)中污泥的沉降性提高了37.8%,污泥結(jié)構(gòu)更加緊密,蛋白酶活性提高了19.1%,促進(jìn)聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)中關(guān)鍵膜污染物蛋白質(zhì)的水解,使污泥混合液和泥餅層中胞外聚合物(EPS)中的蛋白質(zhì)較傳統(tǒng)MBR分別減少了33.6%和27.3%。同時(shí),聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)中的菌群與傳統(tǒng)MBR相比,能大量分泌EPS或碳水化合物等膠體物質(zhì)的Zoogloea、α-和β-proteobacteria分別降低了4.4%、2.3%和5.6%;可減緩膜污染的慢生菌Frankia、Clostridium和Actinomyces等提高了55.5%;可通過(guò)分泌蛋白質(zhì)和多糖水解酶來(lái)降解可溶性微生物代謝產(chǎn)物(SMP)和EPS的Firmicutes bacterium、Flavobacterium和Chloroflexus分別提高了14.8%、8.3%和5.0%。綜上,污泥結(jié)構(gòu)、特性和菌群的變化使聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)膜污染得到有效控制,其膜污染周期較傳統(tǒng)MBR延長(zhǎng)2.5倍以上。MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床-化學(xué)除磷聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)建及其運(yùn)行效能的研究表明:化學(xué)除磷可使聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)TP去除率達(dá)到20.8±3.3%,較MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床提高19.6%,較傳統(tǒng)MBR提高16.6%;化學(xué)除磷使蠕蟲(chóng)床中污泥的TP含量降低46.7%,酸性磷酸鹽酶活性提高32.8%。通過(guò)化學(xué)除磷處理蠕蟲(chóng)床上清液及處理后的上清液回流至蠕蟲(chóng)床有效降低了蠕蟲(chóng)床上清液的COD和TP濃度,使MBR增加的COD和TP負(fù)荷分別減少了40%和72%,同時(shí),化學(xué)除磷的加入降低了SMP中蛋白質(zhì)和多糖濃度,增大了污泥絮體粒徑,提高了污泥絮體的過(guò)濾性和脫水性,從而降低了化學(xué)除磷聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)的膜污染速率。綜上,MBR-蠕蟲(chóng)床-化學(xué)除磷聯(lián)合系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了城市污水的高效處理與膜污染的有效控制,為生物捕食污泥減量技術(shù)與MBR的研究與應(yīng)用提供了理論與技術(shù)支持。
[Abstract]:The treatment and disposal of sewage sludge greatly increase the cost of sewage treatment, so the water treatment technology that can reduce sludge synchronously during the process of sewage treatment has attracted much attention. In the previous study, the remaining sludge of MBR was discharged into the worm bed, and the high efficiency of sludge reduction, the improvement of sludge properties and membrane were realized by the predation of worms. Effective control of pollution. In order to further analyze the relationship between the removal of pollutants in the MBR- worm bed joint system, the relationship between the control mechanism of membrane pollution and the change of microbial flora, and to solve the problem of phosphorus release caused by the reduction of the sludge in the joint system, this study takes the MBR- worm bed as the study of the image and inspects the urban sewage in the unit of the joint system. The effects of sludge morphological structure, sludge characteristics and microbial flora change on membrane pollution were removed, and the MBR- chemical phosphorus removal combined system was constructed to clarify the optimal control conditions and to realize the efficient removal of phosphorus in sewage. The study on the relationship between the removal of pollutants and microbial flora in the combined system showed that the relationship between the removal of contaminants and microbial flora in the combined system showed that The predation and metabolism of worm bed lead to the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of MBR in the combined system, the increase of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and total phosphorus (TP) load by 0.8%, 3.4% and 11.3% respectively, but the removal rate of MBR to three in the combined system is 2%, 5.2% and 1.7%, respectively, compared with the traditional MBR, and the MBR- worm bed combined system has a higher sewage treatment efficiency than the traditional MBR. In the MBR- worm bed joint system, the functional bacteria related to protein degradation, carbohydrate transformation and ammoxidation have been enriched, and Saprospiraceae bacterium, Klebsiella and Dechloromonas are increased by 4%, 6.5% and 5.9% respectively compared with the traditional MBR, and the activity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) is higher than that of the traditional MBR. The study of the mechanism and the relationship with the microbial flora showed that the sedimentation of the sludge in the combined system was increased by 37.8%, the sludge structure was more closely, the activity of the protease was increased by 19.1%, and the hydrolysis of the protein of the key membrane pollutants in the combined system was promoted, so that the sludge mixture and the mud cake layer were in the extracellular polymer (EPS) in the combined system, compared with the traditional MBR. Compared with the traditional MBR, the protein decreased by 33.6% and 27.3%. respectively. Compared with the traditional MBR, the bacteria in the combined system secreted Zoogloea of the colloid substances such as EPS or carbohydrate, and decreased the alpha and beta -proteobacteria by 4.4%, 2.3% and 5.6%, respectively, and increased the Frankia, Clostridium and Actinomyces by 55. to slow the membrane fouling. 5%, Firmicutes bacterium of soluble microbial metabolites (SMP) and EPS can be degraded by secreting protein and polysaccharide hydrolase, and Flavobacterium and Chloroflexus are increased by 14.8%, 8.3% and 5.0%. respectively. The sludge structure, characteristics and changes of bacteria groups make the combined system membrane fouling effectively control, and the membrane fouling cycle is more than the traditional MBR. The study on the construction and operation efficiency of 2.5 times longer.MBR- worm bed chemical phosphorus removal combined system shows that chemical removal of phosphorus can make the removal rate of TP in the combined system reach 20.8 + 3.3%, increase by 19.6% than that of MBR- worm bed, and 16.6% from the traditional MBR; chemical phosphorus removal reduces the TP content of sludge in worm bed by 46.7%, and the activity of acid phosphate enzyme increases 32.. 8%. effectively reduced the concentration of COD and TP in the supernatant of worm bed by chemical phosphorus removal and the reflux of the treated supernatant to the worm bed, which reduced the COD and TP load of MBR by 40% and 72% respectively. At the same time, the addition of chemical phosphorus reduced the concentration of protein and polysaccharide in SMP and increased the particle size of the sludge floc. The filtration and dehydration of the sludge floc reduces the membrane fouling rate of the chemical phosphorus removal combined system. In summary, the MBR- worm bed chemical phosphorus removal combined system realizes the effective treatment of urban sewage and the effective control of the membrane pollution. It provides theoretical and technical support for the research and application of biological prey sludge reduction technology and the research and application of MBR.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703
本文編號(hào)：2163924
[Abstract]:The treatment and disposal of sewage sludge greatly increase the cost of sewage treatment, so the water treatment technology that can reduce sludge synchronously during the process of sewage treatment has attracted much attention. In the previous study, the remaining sludge of MBR was discharged into the worm bed, and the high efficiency of sludge reduction, the improvement of sludge properties and membrane were realized by the predation of worms. Effective control of pollution. In order to further analyze the relationship between the removal of pollutants in the MBR- worm bed joint system, the relationship between the control mechanism of membrane pollution and the change of microbial flora, and to solve the problem of phosphorus release caused by the reduction of the sludge in the joint system, this study takes the MBR- worm bed as the study of the image and inspects the urban sewage in the unit of the joint system. The effects of sludge morphological structure, sludge characteristics and microbial flora change on membrane pollution were removed, and the MBR- chemical phosphorus removal combined system was constructed to clarify the optimal control conditions and to realize the efficient removal of phosphorus in sewage. The study on the relationship between the removal of pollutants and microbial flora in the combined system showed that the relationship between the removal of contaminants and microbial flora in the combined system showed that The predation and metabolism of worm bed lead to the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of MBR in the combined system, the increase of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and total phosphorus (TP) load by 0.8%, 3.4% and 11.3% respectively, but the removal rate of MBR to three in the combined system is 2%, 5.2% and 1.7%, respectively, compared with the traditional MBR, and the MBR- worm bed combined system has a higher sewage treatment efficiency than the traditional MBR. In the MBR- worm bed joint system, the functional bacteria related to protein degradation, carbohydrate transformation and ammoxidation have been enriched, and Saprospiraceae bacterium, Klebsiella and Dechloromonas are increased by 4%, 6.5% and 5.9% respectively compared with the traditional MBR, and the activity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) is higher than that of the traditional MBR. The study of the mechanism and the relationship with the microbial flora showed that the sedimentation of the sludge in the combined system was increased by 37.8%, the sludge structure was more closely, the activity of the protease was increased by 19.1%, and the hydrolysis of the protein of the key membrane pollutants in the combined system was promoted, so that the sludge mixture and the mud cake layer were in the extracellular polymer (EPS) in the combined system, compared with the traditional MBR. Compared with the traditional MBR, the protein decreased by 33.6% and 27.3%. respectively. Compared with the traditional MBR, the bacteria in the combined system secreted Zoogloea of the colloid substances such as EPS or carbohydrate, and decreased the alpha and beta -proteobacteria by 4.4%, 2.3% and 5.6%, respectively, and increased the Frankia, Clostridium and Actinomyces by 55. to slow the membrane fouling. 5%, Firmicutes bacterium of soluble microbial metabolites (SMP) and EPS can be degraded by secreting protein and polysaccharide hydrolase, and Flavobacterium and Chloroflexus are increased by 14.8%, 8.3% and 5.0%. respectively. The sludge structure, characteristics and changes of bacteria groups make the combined system membrane fouling effectively control, and the membrane fouling cycle is more than the traditional MBR. The study on the construction and operation efficiency of 2.5 times longer.MBR- worm bed chemical phosphorus removal combined system shows that chemical removal of phosphorus can make the removal rate of TP in the combined system reach 20.8 + 3.3%, increase by 19.6% than that of MBR- worm bed, and 16.6% from the traditional MBR; chemical phosphorus removal reduces the TP content of sludge in worm bed by 46.7%, and the activity of acid phosphate enzyme increases 32.. 8%. effectively reduced the concentration of COD and TP in the supernatant of worm bed by chemical phosphorus removal and the reflux of the treated supernatant to the worm bed, which reduced the COD and TP load of MBR by 40% and 72% respectively. At the same time, the addition of chemical phosphorus reduced the concentration of protein and polysaccharide in SMP and increased the particle size of the sludge floc. The filtration and dehydration of the sludge floc reduces the membrane fouling rate of the chemical phosphorus removal combined system. In summary, the MBR- worm bed chemical phosphorus removal combined system realizes the effective treatment of urban sewage and the effective control of the membrane pollution. It provides theoretical and technical support for the research and application of biological prey sludge reduction technology and the research and application of MBR.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703
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