本文選題：內置換料水箱 + 非能動余熱排出熱交換器　； 參考：《華北電力大學(北京)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：三代先進壓水堆AP1000引入了非能動余熱排出系統(tǒng)(PRHRs),內置換料水箱(IRWST)是非能動余熱排出系統(tǒng)的關鍵設備之一,非能動余熱排出熱交換器(PRHR HX)、自動降壓系統(tǒng)1-3級噴灑器(ADS sparger)均浸沒在內置換料水箱中,事故工況下,非能動余熱排出熱交換器、自動降壓系統(tǒng)噴灑器等設備啟動,非能動地將一回路余熱排出至二次側熱阱內置換料水箱,為反應堆提供應急冷卻,其安全、高效運行對于保證反應堆事故余熱排出工況下,反應堆有效降溫、降壓具有重要作用。本研究以AP1000為主要參考對象,搭建分離效應整體縮比IRWSTPRHR HXADS實驗臺架,研究反應堆內置換料水箱及其關鍵部件PRHR HX管壁加熱式傳熱、ADS高溫蒸汽噴放式冷凝過程中的熱工水力學特性,獲得IRWST內整體三維溫度場、三維速度場分布及局部傳熱系數(shù),從而揭示關鍵進程傳熱、傳質機理,進而把握內置換料水箱內流體整體、局部的傳熱、流動特性。對于PRHR HX特殊形狀的C型管束傳熱研究,基于IRWSTPRHR HX分離效應縮比實驗,分別對PRHR HX豎直段、上部水平段、下部水平段在單相自然對流階段、兩相沸騰階段傳熱特性進行了深入分析,且基于實驗數(shù)據驗證了各類傳統(tǒng)半經驗傳熱關聯(lián)式對PRHR HX C型管束不同傳熱區(qū)域的適用性。另外,實驗結果表明,在余熱排出進程中PRHR HX持續(xù)加熱作用下,IRWST熱分層現(xiàn)象十分明顯,對應熱分層數(shù)(Str數(shù))接近1。對此,本研究創(chuàng)新性地在PRHR HX二次側管束區(qū)新裝不同數(shù)量的導流板以減弱IRWST內熱分層程度,并基于實驗數(shù)據評價該新型導流板設計方案對IRWST對流傳熱特性、三維溫度速度分布,PRHR HX整體、局部傳熱效果的影響。實驗結果表明,PRHR HX二次側新增導流板方案使得IRWST內的熱分層程度降低30%以上,有利于內置換料水箱在更長時間內對反應堆一回路進行降溫、降壓,保證長期冷卻效果。對于AP1000自動降壓系統(tǒng)噴灑器復雜結構多孔噴放條件下的高溫高壓蒸汽直接接觸式冷凝(DCC)現(xiàn)象,本研究基于IRWSTADS噴灑器分離效應縮比實驗,研究了內置換料水箱內整體循環(huán)特性、溫度分布以及自動降壓系統(tǒng)蒸汽噴放條件下的傳熱特性。本研究創(chuàng)新性地采用噴放簡化“集總蒸汽冷凝區(qū)”模型,對復雜結構、多噴孔條件下ADS原型縮比噴灑器噴放冷凝傳熱系數(shù)進行評估計算,實驗結果表明,在IRWST內流體相對大過冷度條件下,蒸汽噴放傳熱系數(shù)范圍約為0.6-2.9 MW/(m2·℃)。另外,為減弱ADS噴灑器噴放條件下IRWST內的熱分層現(xiàn)象,本研究創(chuàng)新地提出了ADS噴頭優(yōu)化方案,通過調整ADS噴灑器在IRWST內的高度位置,改變IRWST內整體流動、溫度分布,并采用熱分層準則數(shù)理查德森數(shù)(Ri數(shù))與熱分層數(shù)(Str數(shù))預測、評價IRWST內的熱分層的形成條件、熱分層程度。實驗結果表明,ADS噴頭位置優(yōu)化方案能夠有效降低IRWST內的熱分層程度,有利于長期冷卻階段核電廠的長期、安全、穩(wěn)定運行。本實驗研究對AP1000內置換料水箱熱工水力特性進行了詳細、深入的研究,實驗數(shù)據可為中國自主化堆芯、系統(tǒng)一體化分析軟件COSINE(Core and System INtegrated Engine for design and analysis)提供實驗驗證并進行特殊傳熱模型評估,具有重要的應用價值,實驗數(shù)據為AP1000工程運行與設計改進提供了重要實驗參考。
[Abstract]:The three generation advanced pressurized water reactor (AP1000) has introduced the non active waste heat discharge system (PRHRs), and the built-in feed water tank (IRWST) is one of the key equipment for the non active waste heat discharge system, the non active waste heat discharge heat exchanger (PRHR HX), the 1-3 level spraying device (ADS sparger) of the automatic step-down system are immersed in the built-in redeer tank, and the non dynamic surplus is in the accident condition. Heat discharge heat exchanger and automatic step-down system sprayer are started, and the residual heat of the one loop is discharged to the two side heat trap, which provides emergency cooling for the reactor. It is safe and efficient to reduce the temperature of the reactor effectively to ensure the discharge of the reactor's residual heat. This study is of great importance. AP1000 is the main reference object, and the IRWSTPRHR HXADS experimental platform is built with the separation effect as a whole, and the thermal hydraulic characteristics of the reactor's built-in feed water tank and its key components, PRHR HX tube wall heating, and the thermal hydraulic characteristics during the ADS high temperature steam ejection condensation process, are obtained. The three-dimensional temperature field of the whole body in IRWST, the distribution of the three-dimensional velocity field and the local transmission are obtained. Thermal coefficient, which reveals the heat transfer and mass transfer mechanism of the key process, and then grasps the fluid whole, local heat transfer and flow characteristics in the built-in feed water tank. For the PRHR HX special shape C tube bundle heat transfer, based on the IRWSTPRHR HX separation effect shrinkage experiment, the PRHR HX vertical section, the upper level section and the lower level section are in the single phase natural pair, respectively. In the flow stage, the heat transfer characteristics of the two-phase boiling stage are deeply analyzed. And based on the experimental data, the applicability of the traditional semi empirical heat transfer correlations for different heat transfer regions of the PRHR HX C tube bundle is verified. In addition, the experimental results show that the IRWST thermal stratification is very obvious in the process of residual heat discharge in the process of residual heat discharge, and the corresponding thermal stratification is very obvious. The number of thermal layers (Str number) is close to 1.. In this study, different number of diversion plates are newly installed in the PRHR HX two side tube bundle to reduce the degree of internal heat stratification in IRWST, and based on the experimental data, the effect of the new guide plate design scheme on the convection heat transfer characteristics of IRWST, the three-dimensional temperature velocity distribution, the whole PRHR HX and the local heat transfer effect are evaluated. The experimental results show that the PRHR HX two side new diversion plate scheme makes the degree of thermal stratification in the IRWST lower than 30%, which is beneficial to the cooling of the reactor first loop for a longer time, the depressurization, and the long-term cooling effect. The high temperature and high temperature of the complex structure of the AP1000 automatic depressurization system spraying device under the porous and porous condition The direct contact condensation (DCC) phenomenon of pressurized steam is studied. Based on the experiment of the separation effect of the IRWSTADS spray, the overall circulation characteristics, the temperature distribution and the heat transfer characteristics under the steam ejection condition of the automatic step-down system are studied. In complex structure, the heat transfer coefficient of ADS prototype shrinkage nozzle is evaluated and calculated under the condition of multiple injection holes. The experimental results show that the heat transfer coefficient range of steam ejection is about 0.6-2.9 MW/ (m2. C) under the condition of relatively large cooling degree in IRWST. In addition, this study is to weaken the thermal stratification phenomenon in IRWST under the spraying conditions of ADS sprinkler. The ADS nozzle optimization scheme was creatively proposed. By adjusting the high position of the ADS sprinkler in IRWST, the overall flow and temperature distribution in the IRWST were changed, and the thermal stratification criterion number (Ri number) and the thermal partition number (Str number) were used to predict the formation conditions of the thermal stratification in IRWST and the degree of thermal stratification. The experimental results showed that the nozzle position of ADS. The optimization scheme can effectively reduce the degree of thermal stratification in the IRWST, which is beneficial to the long-term, safe and stable operation of the nuclear power plant in the long-term cooling stage. The experimental research has carried out a detailed and in-depth study on the thermal hydraulic characteristics of the AP1000 built-in reding water tank. The experimental data can be used as a self main core in China and the system integration analysis software COSINE (Core an). D System INtegrated Engine for design and analysis) provides experimental verification and carries out special heat transfer model evaluation. It has important application value. Experimental data provide important experimental reference for the operation and design improvement of AP1000 engineering.
【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學(北京)
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM623.91

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