本文選題：非政府組織 + 社區(qū)規(guī)劃�。� 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前多數(shù)城市社區(qū)已進(jìn)入相對穩(wěn)定平緩的發(fā)展階段,此時(shí)城市社區(qū)建設(shè)和規(guī)劃面臨的主要任務(wù)是:①更新物質(zhì)設(shè)施環(huán)境以防止衰敗;②改變生活方式以適應(yīng)社會(huì)需求和進(jìn)步方向;③促進(jìn)社區(qū)網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建,培育社會(huì)資本以防止社會(huì)原子化。然而原有政府主導(dǎo)的社區(qū)規(guī)劃模式存在過分關(guān)注物質(zhì)環(huán)境、超負(fù)荷運(yùn)作、占有資源過多、參與環(huán)節(jié)受阻、缺乏創(chuàng)新等問題和局限,不能有效地幫助社區(qū)應(yīng)對當(dāng)前挑戰(zhàn)。本文認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)跳出政府主導(dǎo)的固有視角,嘗試從NGO介入的角度探討社區(qū)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展路徑,借鑒社會(huì)學(xué)和公共經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論,以由NGO承擔(dān)公共物品供給為錨,提出NGO介入社區(qū)規(guī)劃的研究視角。本文以“事件對象”和“過程深度”兩個(gè)維度出發(fā),構(gòu)建了 NGO介入社區(qū)規(guī)劃的模式界定體系,結(jié)合相關(guān)的案例,將NGO介入社區(qū)規(guī)劃類型界定為三類:規(guī)劃主導(dǎo)型介入、治理型參與、協(xié)助支撐型介入。隨后本文以“綠色浙江促進(jìn)會(huì)”NGO的社區(qū)生態(tài)營造規(guī)劃實(shí)踐作為“協(xié)助支撐型介入”的實(shí)證研究,詳細(xì)跟蹤考察了綠色浙江2011年至2016年在杭州市開展的五個(gè)社區(qū)案例(西牌樓社區(qū)、現(xiàn)代城社區(qū)、十五家園社區(qū)、柳翠井巷社區(qū)、魅力城社區(qū)),并對其一般特征、演化進(jìn)程、階段分化進(jìn)行了分析。在此基礎(chǔ)上,研究以柳翠井巷和魅力城兩個(gè)社區(qū)的居民為抽樣調(diào)查樣本,通過構(gòu)建滿意度評價(jià)模型,對居民問卷數(shù)據(jù)的定量分析,同時(shí)結(jié)合對社區(qū)、NGO等重點(diǎn)對象的訪談,綜合評價(jià)子模式(二)生態(tài)社區(qū)規(guī)劃的合理性和可靠性,及其實(shí)踐意義和社會(huì)價(jià)值。經(jīng)過研究,本文認(rèn)為:①NGO介入社區(qū)規(guī)劃并承擔(dān)部分公共職能,緩解了基層政府的工作負(fù)荷,為職能轉(zhuǎn)移和權(quán)力改革提供了可行路徑;②結(jié)合實(shí)證研究和評價(jià),NGO介入社區(qū)規(guī)劃能夠有效幫助社區(qū)應(yīng)對社區(qū)在物質(zhì)、生活方式和社群網(wǎng)絡(luò)三方面的挑戰(zhàn),一定程度上滿足了當(dāng)前社區(qū)的基礎(chǔ)需求和進(jìn)階提升,具有積極的實(shí)踐意義和社會(huì)價(jià)值;③但NGO所承擔(dān)的社區(qū)營造并非萬能,存在經(jīng)費(fèi)、機(jī)制、業(yè)務(wù)能力和支持不足等問題。最后,本文提出加強(qiáng)社區(qū)規(guī)劃與法定規(guī)劃體系對接、引導(dǎo)NGO進(jìn)入法定規(guī)劃體系公眾參與環(huán)節(jié)的技術(shù)路徑,并從五方面提出完善NGO介入社區(qū)規(guī)劃的進(jìn)階性對策:①構(gòu)建多元化的社區(qū)發(fā)展動(dòng)力體系;②提升NGO自身專業(yè)能力和業(yè)務(wù)水平;③構(gòu)建從“長效”到“常效”的維護(hù)機(jī)制;④強(qiáng)化專業(yè)規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)構(gòu)同社區(qū)與NGO的合作;⑤拓寬社區(qū)規(guī)劃的項(xiàng)目資金渠道。
[Abstract]:At present, most urban communities have entered a relatively stable and gentle stage of development. At this time, the main task of urban community construction and planning is to update the physical facilities environment to prevent decay.(2) changing the way of life to meet the needs of society and the direction of progress. 3) promoting the construction of community network and cultivating social capital in order to prevent the atomization of society.However, there are some problems and limitations in the original government-led community planning model, such as paying too much attention to the material environment, overloading operation, occupying too much resources, obstructing participation, lacking innovation and so on, which can not effectively help the community to cope with the current challenges.In this paper, we should try to explore the sustainable development path of the community from the angle of NGO intervention, draw lessons from the theory of sociology and public economics, and take the public goods supply by NGO as the anchor.This paper puts forward the research perspective of NGO intervention in community planning.Based on the two dimensions of "event object" and "process depth", this paper constructs a model definition system of NGO intervention in community planning. Combined with relevant cases, NGO intervention in community planning is defined as three types: plan-oriented intervention.Governance participation, assist support type intervention.Then this paper takes the community ecological planning practice of "Green Zhejiang Promotion Association" NGO as an empirical study of "assisting and supporting intervention".Five community cases (West Arch Community, Modern City Community, Tenth Five-Year Home Community, Liu Cui Jing Xiang Community, charm City Community, etc.) carried out in Hangzhou from 2011 to 2016 were investigated in detail, and their general characteristics and evolution process were analyzed.Stage differentiation was analyzed.On this basis, this paper takes residents of Liucui well Lane and Charming City as sampling samples, through constructing satisfaction evaluation model, quantitative analysis of residents' questionnaire data, and interviews with key objects such as community NGOs, etc.The sub-model of comprehensive evaluation (2) the rationality and reliability of ecological community planning and its practical significance and social value.Through the research, this paper thinks that the intervention of the 1 NGO in community planning and undertaking some public functions has alleviated the workload of the grass-roots government and provided a feasible path for the transfer of functions and the reform of power.(2) combining with empirical research and evaluation, NGO intervention in community planning can effectively help the community to cope with the material, lifestyle and social network challenges, and to some extent meet the basic needs and advance of the community.It has positive practical significance and social value. However, the community construction undertaken by NGO is not omnipotent. There are some problems, such as fund, mechanism, business ability and insufficient support, etc.Finally, this paper proposes to strengthen the connection between community planning and statutory planning system, and to guide NGO into the technical path of public participation in statutory planning system.And from five aspects to improve the NGO intervention in community planning advanced countermeasures: 1 to build a pluralistic community development power system to enhance the professional ability and professional level of NGO to build from "long-term effect" to "constant effect" maintenance mechanism;(4) strengthen the cooperation between the professional planning and design organization and the community and NGO.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TU984.12

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本文編號(hào)：1765632