本文選題：對旋風(fēng)機(jī) + 磁-流-固耦合分析��； 參考：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：對旋風(fēng)機(jī)為高風(fēng)壓雙級葉輪機(jī)械通風(fēng)設(shè)備,其前后級葉輪由前后級電機(jī)單獨(dú)驅(qū)動,兩級葉輪對轉(zhuǎn)使氣流沿軸向流出。對旋風(fēng)機(jī)的送風(fēng)反風(fēng)性能良好,近年來已被廣泛應(yīng)用于礦井、隧道等變距離通風(fēng)換氣場合。然而,在變距離送風(fēng)條件下,對旋風(fēng)機(jī)存在機(jī)電性能難以匹配、機(jī)械系統(tǒng)振動劇烈等問題。因此,深入研究對旋風(fēng)機(jī)的工作機(jī)理,明確影響風(fēng)機(jī)性能的關(guān)鍵因素,并對其運(yùn)行情況進(jìn)行有效的預(yù)測和控制,是實現(xiàn)對旋風(fēng)機(jī)高精度穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的重要前提。為了更加真實地反映對旋風(fēng)機(jī)電磁場與流場之間的耦合作用與相互影響,本文把電機(jī)部分和流體機(jī)械部分作為一個整體,以電磁場有限元理論和流場有限元理論為基礎(chǔ),構(gòu)建對旋風(fēng)機(jī)磁-流耦合仿真模型,對仿真過程中的狀態(tài)變量殘差、瞬態(tài)時間步以及信息交互機(jī)制進(jìn)行說明,通過采用分步回歸的求解技術(shù),對非慣性負(fù)載下的電磁場情況和葉輪變轉(zhuǎn)速下的流場情況進(jìn)行模擬,完成對旋風(fēng)機(jī)異構(gòu)仿真系統(tǒng)的瞬態(tài)場耦合分析過程,并在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步分析對旋風(fēng)機(jī)機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)的磁-固和流-固耦合特性,為全文的研究工作奠定基礎(chǔ)。在進(jìn)行對旋風(fēng)機(jī)性能研究時,將數(shù)值模擬方法與實驗測試相結(jié)合,對原型風(fēng)機(jī)性能參數(shù)值進(jìn)行計算,得到原型風(fēng)機(jī)性能曲線。引入以電功率為輸入的對旋風(fēng)機(jī)系統(tǒng)效率考核指標(biāo),對不同工況下對旋風(fēng)機(jī)的運(yùn)行性能進(jìn)行研究。為了提高掘進(jìn)初期和中期對旋風(fēng)機(jī)的系統(tǒng)效率值,在雙極對數(shù)槽號相位圖的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)造具有較高繞組系數(shù)且不存在支路環(huán)流的變極繞組,詳細(xì)闡述調(diào)衡繞組變極電機(jī)的設(shè)計過程。通過改變前后兩級電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速配合方式,使各級電機(jī)容量分別與不同送風(fēng)距離下的兩級葉輪負(fù)載相匹配,為高性能對旋風(fēng)機(jī)調(diào)速控制研究和節(jié)能控制研究提供參考。對旋風(fēng)機(jī)為電磁力和氣動力協(xié)同作用的機(jī)電一體化通風(fēng)設(shè)備,為了探究對旋風(fēng)機(jī)運(yùn)行過程中的機(jī)電匹配狀況,給出作用在兩級葉輪上的脈動力波和兩級電機(jī)氣隙電磁力波的解析計算方法和仿真計算方法。在葉柵翼型氣動力解析計算過程中,通過干涉系數(shù)考慮孤立翼型的相互作用效果,在仿真計算中,根據(jù)伯努利方程直接求解出作用在葉片表面上的氣動力。在電機(jī)電磁力解析計算過程中,以麥克斯韋定律為理論基礎(chǔ)研究各次徑向電磁力波的幅頻特性。在電磁力仿真計算過程中,通過合適的路徑選擇,將高精度電磁力虛位移計算法與麥克斯韋應(yīng)力計算法進(jìn)行等效,求解切向電磁力和徑向電磁力的時變曲線。根據(jù)計算結(jié)果,說明有限元計算方法的優(yōu)越性,并進(jìn)一步得到氣動轉(zhuǎn)矩和電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩的時變曲線。借助快速傅里葉變換方法,得到低通濾波后的壓力脈動轉(zhuǎn)矩和電機(jī)電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩的主要頻率、幅值及其變化規(guī)律,對氣動轉(zhuǎn)矩和電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩存在同頻分量時出現(xiàn)的轉(zhuǎn)矩諧振現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行研究。采用三維激光掃描法構(gòu)造不同葉片數(shù)目的兩級葉輪模型,分析前后級葉輪葉片數(shù)目配合方式對兩級葉輪轉(zhuǎn)矩諧振情況的影響及機(jī)械振動與轉(zhuǎn)矩諧振之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。同時,進(jìn)一步研究變工況下的前后級葉的轉(zhuǎn)矩諧振情況,據(jù)此選擇兩級葉輪葉片與兩級電動機(jī)定轉(zhuǎn)子的最優(yōu)匹配方式。為了研究由氣動力和電磁力頻率與固有頻率相同時引起的機(jī)械共振情況,通過使用RNG k-ε湍流模型模擬對旋風(fēng)機(jī)內(nèi)部湍流流動情況,獲得表征湍流流場特性的主要參數(shù)值,說明湍流強(qiáng)度與系統(tǒng)效率之間的關(guān)系。同時,對葉輪附近處的壓力脈動情況進(jìn)行監(jiān)測,以輸運(yùn)方程計算所得湍動能和湍流耗散率為基礎(chǔ),選擇Broudband噪聲仿真計算模型,分析對旋風(fēng)機(jī)各部件表面上的聲功率分布情況。研究電機(jī)電磁噪聲特性時,根據(jù)電磁力得到時域內(nèi)的集中力及頻域內(nèi)的實部力和虛部力,在ANSYS Mechanical中對不同轉(zhuǎn)子數(shù)目的電機(jī)定子鐵心和機(jī)殼部分進(jìn)行諧響應(yīng)分析,并在ANSYS Acoustic中完成電機(jī)噪聲聲壓級仿真計算過程。
[Abstract]:The cyclone machine for high pressure double impeller mechanical ventilation equipment, driving the impeller by the motor before and after stage alone, two of the impeller axial flow air flow. The anti wind performance of cyclone machine is good, in recent years has been widely used in mines, tunnels and other variable distance ventilation applications. However, in the variable distance air supply condition of cyclone machine electrical performance is difficult to match the problem of mechanical vibration system. Therefore, research on working mechanism of cyclone machine deeply, find the key factors influencing the performance of the fan, and the operation of effective forecast and control, is an important prerequisite for implementation of cyclone high precision and stable operation. In order to more accurately reflect the coupling effect between electric field and flow field of cyclone and influence each other, the motor part and fluid mechanical part as a whole, the electromagnetic field finite element theory Theory and finite element theory, the construction of fan magnetic flow coupling simulation model of state variable residuals in the simulation process, the transient time step and information interaction mechanism is described, solving technique through using step regression, the non inertia load of the electromagnetic field and flow field of the impeller with variable speed simulation analysis process of transient field coupling on heterogeneous cyclone machine simulation system, and on the basis of further analysis on the mechanical structure of solid magnetic cyclone machine and fluid solid coupling characteristics, which lays the foundation for the whole research work. In the study of cyclone machine performance, the numerical simulation method and experimental test the combination of prototype fan performance parameters were calculated by the prototype fan performance curve. With the introduction of electric power input on the system fan efficiency evaluation index, the machine on the cyclone under different conditions Research on the operation performance. In order to improve the driving efficiency of cyclone system early and middle machine value based on bipolar logarithmic slot number phase graph on the structure has higher winding coefficient and no branch circulation pole changing winding design process, regulating winding pole changing motor is introduced in this paper. By changing before and after level two the speed of motor coordination, make the motor capacity respectively matched with the load of different air distance of the two stage impeller, fan speed control to provide the reference for the research and study of energy saving control for high performance. The mechanical and electrical integration of ventilation equipment for electromagnetic fan and aerodynamic forces of synergy, in order to explore the matching situation of electromechanical cyclone in the process of operation, calculation methods and simulation analysis are fluctuating force in the two stage and two stage impeller on the wave motor air gap electromagnetic force wave in cascade aerodynamic. The analytical calculation of the process, the interference coefficient considering the interaction effect of isolated airfoils, in numerical simulation, according to the Bernoulli equation is obtained in the blade aerodynamic surface. In the analysis of the electromagnetic force in the process of calculation, the Maxwell amplitude frequency characteristics of law as the theoretical basis of the radial electromagnetic force wave the electromagnetic force. In the simulation process, through appropriate path selection, calculation method and the Maxwell stress calculation method of equivalent electromagnetic force will move high precision virtual curved line for tangential electromagnetic force and radial electromagnetic force. According to the calculation results, illustrate the superiority of the finite element calculation method, and further gas dynamic torque and torque curves. By fast Fourier transform method, the main frequency of low-pass filter, pressure pulsation of torque and motor torque, and the change of amplitude The law, to study the torque resonance phenomena of pneumatic torque and torque has the same frequency component. The two stage impeller model constructed by 3D laser scanning method with different number of blades, the intrinsic link between the analysis before and after class with the number of impeller blades on the impact of the two stage impeller torque resonance and mechanical vibration and torque resonance at the same time, the further research of torque resonant stage under variable conditions leaves, optimal select two stage impeller blades and two motor stator and rotor matching. In order to study the mechanical resonance by the aerodynamic force and the electromagnetic force frequency and natural frequency caused by the phase at the same time, by using the RNG k- turbulence model to simulate the the internal turbulent flow cyclone machine, the main parameter characterization of flow field characteristics of turbulence, illustrate the relationship between turbulence intensity and efficiency of the system. At the same time, near the impeller Monitoring the pressure fluctuations of the transport equation to calculate turbulent kinetic energy and turbulent dissipation rate as the basis, select the Broudband noise model, analysis of the acoustic power distribution of each component on the surface of the cyclone machine. Research on electromagnetic noise characteristics of the motor, according to the electric magnetic force and get concentrated in frequency domain the real part and imaginary force force of motor stator core and shell of different parts of the rotor in the ANSYS Mechanical in the number of harmonic response analysis, and complete the motor noise sound pressure level simulation in ANSYS Acoustic in the calculation process.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH43

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