本文選題：雙吸離心泵　切入點(diǎn)：壓力脈動(dòng)　出處：《中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：雙吸離心泵在水利、農(nóng)業(yè)和能源和化工等領(lǐng)域廣泛應(yīng)用。雙吸離心泵壓力脈動(dòng)與振動(dòng)、噪聲、汽蝕等密切相關(guān),是其典型非穩(wěn)態(tài)運(yùn)行特性之一。本文通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)、制造5種不同葉片交錯(cuò)角度的雙吸離心泵,并進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究與CFD計(jì)算,系統(tǒng)揭示了葉片交錯(cuò)角度對(duì)雙吸離心泵壓力脈動(dòng)和水力特性的影響。建立了一套典型雙吸離心泵試驗(yàn)裝置,針對(duì)5種不同方案下的葉片交錯(cuò)角度(0°、12°、24°、36°和48°)在不同流量工況下進(jìn)行了壓力脈動(dòng)特性試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)究,得到了各測(cè)點(diǎn)壓力脈動(dòng)與葉片交錯(cuò)角度的關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明:(1)葉片交錯(cuò)角度對(duì)雙吸離心泵的揚(yáng)程和效率無(wú)顯著影響。(2)吸水室壓力脈動(dòng)在空間上分布較為均勻,最大脈動(dòng)出現(xiàn)在隔板位置。吸水室壓力脈動(dòng)受葉輪旋轉(zhuǎn)作用的影響較大,在頻率上表現(xiàn)為葉輪轉(zhuǎn)頻的諧次頻和1/2倍的葉片通過(guò)頻率。葉片交錯(cuò)角度對(duì)吸水室壓力脈動(dòng)幅值影響較小。(3)葉片交錯(cuò)角度對(duì)壓水室壓力脈動(dòng)影響較大,尤其是對(duì)葉頻幅值影響顯著。比較不同方案的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,當(dāng)葉片交錯(cuò)角度接近均勻交錯(cuò)(360°/2*N)時(shí),壓水室的壓力脈動(dòng)分布較為均勻,壓力脈動(dòng)值最低,比非交錯(cuò)葉輪可降低50%以上。(4)建立了流量與壓力脈動(dòng)的關(guān)系。在正常操作范圍(0.6Qn～1.2Qn)內(nèi),壓力脈動(dòng)較小,在小流量區(qū)壓力脈動(dòng)增大,其中吸水室在0.2Qn和1.2Qn工況下,其1/2倍葉頻壓力脈動(dòng)系數(shù)最大分別是額定工況下幅值的3.86倍和1.11倍;在壓水室內(nèi),壓力脈動(dòng)主頻為葉頻,在0.2Qn和1.2Qn工況下,其主頻最大壓力脈動(dòng)系數(shù)分別是額定工況下幅值的0.98倍和2.01倍。開(kāi)展了雙吸離心泵在不同葉片交錯(cuò)角度的壓力脈動(dòng)特性的數(shù)值研究,所得到的雙吸離心泵能量特性和壓力脈動(dòng)模擬結(jié)果與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果基本一致。通過(guò)分析泵流場(chǎng)的時(shí)域圖、頻域圖、壓力場(chǎng)分布和渦結(jié)構(gòu)等隨葉片交錯(cuò)角度改變而演變的過(guò)程發(fā)現(xiàn),壓水室和葉輪流場(chǎng)中游移渦強(qiáng)度隨葉片角度由非交錯(cuò)向均勻交錯(cuò)方案靠近而逐漸減弱,葉輪出口的射流-尾跡所形成的二次流也不斷減弱,這是造成雙吸離心泵壓力脈動(dòng)隨著葉片交錯(cuò)角度變化而改變的主要原因。開(kāi)展了流量與雙吸離心泵壓力脈動(dòng)的關(guān)系的數(shù)值研究,通過(guò)分析不同流量工況下壓力脈動(dòng)時(shí)域圖、頻域圖、靜壓分布和速度分布,發(fā)現(xiàn)在0.2Qn和0.4Qn的小流量工況下,流體流向分布極不均勻,有明顯的側(cè)向流動(dòng)存在,甚至還可發(fā)現(xiàn)回流,這說(shuō)明小流量工況有較多的渦流區(qū)域和二次流;隨著流量增大,其流速分布較為穩(wěn)定,壓力脈動(dòng)也隨之減小。這一研究成果在某種程度揭示了雙吸離心泵壓力脈動(dòng)隨著流量增大而減小的原因。本文取得的研究成果,為改善雙吸離心泵水力設(shè)計(jì)、提高運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性具有指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Double suction centrifugal pump is widely used in water conservancy, agriculture and energy and chemical engineering. Double suction centrifugal pump pressure pulsation and vibration, noise, cavitation and other closely related, is the typical one of the non steady state operating characteristics. In this paper, through the design, manufacture 5 different blade stagger angle of the double suction centrifugal pump, and experimental research and calculation of CFD system, the system reveals the influence of centrifugal pump pressure pulsation and hydraulic characteristics of double suction staggered blade. A typical double suction centrifugal pump test device was established, according to the 5 kinds of leaves under different scenarios and the stagger angle (0 degrees, 12 degrees, 24 degrees, 36 degrees and 48 degrees) in different flow conditions of pressure fluctuation test study, the relationship of each measuring point of pressure pulsation and blade stagger angle. The results show that: (1) the blade stagger angle have no effect on the double suction centrifugal pump lift and efficiency. (2) the pressure pulsation suction chamber in space Uniform distribution, the maximum fluctuating in diaphragm position. The suction chamber pressure pulsation is influenced by impeller rotation effect is large, in the frequency of blade performance for harmonic frequency and 1/2 times of the rotational frequency of the impeller blade passing frequency. Staggered less influence angle on the suction chamber. The pressure fluctuation amplitude (3) angle has great influence on the pressure of water room pressure pulsation staggered blade, especially the effect of blade frequency amplitude significantly. Compared with test result of different schemes, when the blade stagger angle is nearly uniform staggered (360 degrees /2*N), water pressure chamber pressure distribution is more uniform, the lowest pressure pulsation, non staggered impeller can be reduced by more than 50% (4) were established. The relationship between the flow and pressure pulsation. In the normal operating range (0.6Qn to 1.2Qn), the pressure fluctuation is small, increases in pressure and small flow pulsation zone, the suction chamber in the 0.2Qn and 1.2Qn conditions, the 1/2 blade frequency pressure fluctuation coefficient Which is 3.86 times the rated load amplitude and 1.11 times; in the water pressure chamber, the pressure pulsation frequency of blade frequency, in 0.2Qn and 1.2Qn conditions, the frequency of the maximum pressure fluctuation coefficient is respectively 0.98 times rated amplitude and 2.01 times. To carry out the numerical study of double suction centrifugal pump in the pressure fluctuation characteristics of different the leaves staggered angle, the double suction centrifugal pump pressure pulsation energy characteristics and simulation results are consistent with the experimental results. Through the analysis of pump flow graph in time domain, frequency domain, pressure distribution and vortex structure with staggered blade angle change process and change that the pressurized water chamber and the impeller flow field in the middle the vortex intensity with the blade angle shift from non staggered to close and uniform interleaving scheme gradually weakened, formed by the jet outlet of impeller wake flow has been reduced two times, which is caused by the double suction centrifugal pump pressure pulsation with staggered vanes The main reason of the change. The double suction centrifugal pump flow and pressure pulsation of the relationship between the numerical study, by analyzing the different flow conditions of pressure fluctuation time domain diagram, frequency chart, static pressure distribution and velocity distribution, found in the small flow condition of 0.2Qn and 0.4Qn, the flow distribution is very uneven, there are the lateral flow significantly, and even found the back, indicating that eddy current region small flow rate condition more and two flow; as the flow rate increases, the velocity distribution is relatively stable, the pressure fluctuation is also decreased. The results of this study revealed a double suction centrifugal pump with pressure pulsation flow increases to a certain degree of reason research results of this paper, in order to improve the double suction centrifugal pump hydraulic design, has a guiding significance to improve the operation stability.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TH311

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