本文關(guān)鍵詞： 氯化鋰/N N-二甲基乙酰胺 堿活化 微溶解 混紡紗線 漢麻纖維 棉纖維　出處：《天津工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：紗線毛羽是紗線品質(zhì)的一項重要指標(biāo),它影響紗線的后加工工序、織物的后整理工藝,特別是麻棉混紡紗線及制品。人們通常采用原料優(yōu)配、工藝優(yōu)化、改進(jìn)設(shè)備和增加輔助裝置等手段來控制紗線毛羽。然而,這些手段只能抑制紗線毛羽,未能有效的去除紗線毛羽。雖然燒毛整理可以去除一部分毛羽,但對溫度的控制比較嚴(yán)格,而通過化學(xué)方法減少紗線毛羽的研究少見報道。本文以氫氧化鈉為活化劑、氯化鋰/N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(LiCl/DMAc)為溶解劑構(gòu)建微溶解體系。通過對棉麻混紡紗線進(jìn)行單因素分析和正交實驗,確定最佳的工藝條件為活化工藝:150g/L氫氧化鈉溶液在65℃條件下活化45min;溶解工藝:100g/LLiCl/DMAc溶液在65℃條件下處理120min。文章采用了電子掃描電鏡(SEM)、紅外光譜(IR)、X射線衍射(XRD)以及差熱分析(DSC)對處理前后漢麻纖維和棉纖維的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了表征。結(jié)果表明,經(jīng)過微溶解體系處理后的漢麻纖維表面發(fā)生部分溶解破裂,纖維的結(jié)晶度降低,而棉纖維的表面結(jié)構(gòu)和結(jié)晶度變化甚微,這為應(yīng)用微溶解體系降低棉麻混紡紗線及制品的毛羽提供了理論依據(jù)。本文研究了不同配棉比和捻度對混紡紗線毛羽數(shù)目的影響。結(jié)果表明,棉麻混紡紗線中的毛羽隨著漢麻纖維百分含量的增加而迅速增加;而在紡紗過程中適當(dāng)增加捻度可以降低紗線的毛羽。優(yōu)化后的混紡紗線經(jīng)過微溶解體系處理后,紗線的毛羽明顯降低,同時紗線強力和紗線支數(shù)略有上升,斷裂伸長率略有下降,條干略有改善。本文同時研究了微溶解體系對棉麻混紡紗線織物性能的影響。結(jié)果表明:經(jīng)過微溶解體系處理后,織物的強力和斷裂伸長率都有所提升;織物的剛?cè)嵝越档?柔軟度增加;折痕回復(fù)角增大,織物的抗皺性能提高;織物懸垂性能提升;織物的透氣性降低;織物的"芯吸"作用和液態(tài)水分管理能力提高,織物中水分?jǐn)U散能力和吸濕速率變大。本文利用KES-FB風(fēng)格評價系統(tǒng)對織物風(fēng)格進(jìn)行了測試評定。實驗結(jié)果表明,在經(jīng)過微溶解體系處理后,除了織物的成形性能略有下降外,織物的其他風(fēng)格均有所改善,其中彎曲性能、壓縮性能、蓬松感和豐滿度得以提升;織物表面光潔度、滑糯性和勻整性提高。
[Abstract]:Yarn hairiness is an important index of yarn quality, which affects the post-processing process of yarn and the finishing process of fabric, especially the yarn and products blended with hemp and cotton. Improvement of equipment and addition of auxiliary devices to control yarn hairiness. However, these methods can only inhibit yarn hairiness and fail to remove yarn hairiness effectively. However, the control of temperature is strict, and the study of reducing yarn hairiness by chemical method is rarely reported. In this paper, sodium hydroxide is used as activator. LiCl-dimethylacetamide / DMAc-LiCl-dimethylacetamide / LiCl-DMAcwas used as solubilizer to construct a microdissolving system. The single factor analysis and orthogonal experiment were carried out for cotton and hemp blended yarns. The optimum technological conditions were determined as follows: activation process: 1: 150g / L sodium hydroxide solution activated for 45 min at 65 鈩，

本文編號：1534237