發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-19 05:11

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 露天礦 順層巖質(zhì)邊坡 巖體參數(shù) 穩(wěn)定性 破壞機(jī)理 爆破振動(dòng)響應(yīng) 滑坡防治　出處：《北京科技大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：對(duì)于露天礦而言,保持邊坡穩(wěn)定始終是礦山企業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)高效開(kāi)采的最重要的安全保障。但由于礦山開(kāi)采條件的千差萬(wàn)別,世界上沒(méi)有完全相同露天礦,各有各的特點(diǎn),為達(dá)此目的,必須掌握目標(biāo)礦山邊坡穩(wěn)定性特有的規(guī)律并確定專(zhuān)門(mén)的處治方案。本文即以贊比亞穆利亞希露天銅礦邊坡為研究對(duì)象,采用綜合研究手段,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)礦山邊坡的安全性分區(qū),在此基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)頻繁滑塌的南幫順層邊坡的穩(wěn)定性展開(kāi)了深入研究,提出了邊坡保穩(wěn)的綜合處治措施,取得了良好的工程效果,保證了礦山的安全生產(chǎn)。本文獲得如下主要研究結(jié)論：(1)采用AHP層次分析原理和Fuzzy模糊評(píng)價(jià)原理,建立了邊坡巖體質(zhì)量分級(jí)的層次結(jié)構(gòu)模型,獲得了能表征邊坡巖體物理力學(xué)特性的參數(shù),重新計(jì)算了邊坡靜力條件下的安全系數(shù),并由此確認(rèn)：原設(shè)計(jì)安全系數(shù)儲(chǔ)備不足是造成邊坡滑塌的主因,且與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)情況相符。(2)斷續(xù)節(jié)理巖橋破壞主要受傾角、間距、重疊量等節(jié)理幾何參數(shù)影響,可分為四類(lèi)破壞模式,是由礦物顆粒間黏結(jié)張拉破壞為主的微破裂引起,聲發(fā)射事件計(jì)數(shù)與破裂強(qiáng)度均近似服從正態(tài)分布函數(shù)。(3)該礦邊坡塌方以臺(tái)階狀破壞為主要特征,主要由斷續(xù)節(jié)理端部間巖橋破裂貫通帶及原生節(jié)理構(gòu)成,滑體各部位盡管形狀各異,但形態(tài)相同。(4)研究表明,爆破荷載加劇了南部邊坡的剪切塑性變形,爆破荷載極易引起順層邊坡軟弱過(guò)渡層發(fā)生剪切塑性變形,從而影響邊坡的整體穩(wěn)定性。(5)綜合考慮經(jīng)濟(jì)、技術(shù)、政治等因素,針對(duì)典型邊坡提出了削坡減載方案,驗(yàn)算得到邊坡處治后的安全系數(shù)在靜力及爆破振動(dòng)作用下均滿(mǎn)足規(guī)范要求。針對(duì)已出現(xiàn)的滑坡區(qū)域,提出了“壓腳阻水”處治方案綜合措施建議。本文取得了如下創(chuàng)新性研究成果：(1)建立了邊坡巖體質(zhì)量分級(jí)的層次結(jié)構(gòu)模型,形成了邊坡巖體質(zhì)量綜合評(píng)價(jià)辨識(shí)方法,為《工程巖體分級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》在邊坡巖體質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)方面的工程應(yīng)用提供了一種可行方法；(2)建立了斷續(xù)節(jié)理巖體細(xì)觀分析模型及巖橋破壞分類(lèi)模式,揭示了單軸壓縮條件下的斷續(xù)節(jié)理巖體破裂規(guī)律及機(jī)理,探究了順層斷續(xù)節(jié)理巖質(zhì)邊坡破壞特征。(3)推導(dǎo)了考慮高程放大效應(yīng)的質(zhì)點(diǎn)振速公式,建立了邊坡爆破振動(dòng)分析模型,揭示了爆破荷載作用下順層邊坡動(dòng)力響應(yīng)規(guī)律及損傷特征�？傊�,本文研究方法及相關(guān)成果,具有一定的理論研究意義及工程應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:For open-pit mines, maintaining slope stability is always the most important safety guarantee for mining enterprises to achieve efficient mining. However, due to the different mining conditions, there is no identical open-pit mine in the world. Each has its own characteristics, in order to achieve this purpose, it is necessary to master the specific law of slope stability of the target mine and determine a special treatment plan. This paper takes the slope of Moliachy opencast copper mine in Zambia as the research object. By means of comprehensive research, the safety zoning of mine slope is realized. On this basis, the stability of the slope of Nanyou Shun layer which frequently collapses is studied deeply, and the comprehensive treatment measures of slope stability are put forward. Good engineering effect has been achieved, and the safety of mine production has been ensured. In this paper, the main research conclusions are as follows: 1) the principle of AHP hierarchy process and Fuzzy fuzzy evaluation are adopted in this paper. The hierarchical structure model of slope rock mass quality classification is established, and the parameters which can represent the physical and mechanical properties of slope rock mass are obtained, and the safety factor under the static condition of slope is re-calculated. From this, it is confirmed that the failure of the original design safety factor is the main cause of slope collapse, and it is consistent with the field situation. 2) the failure of intermittent jointed rock bridge is mainly affected by the geometric parameters of joint such as inclination angle, spacing, overlap amount and so on. It can be divided into four types of failure modes, which are caused by microfracture which is mainly caused by bond tensioning failure between mineral particles. Acoustic emission event counting and fracture strength are similar to normal distribution function. 3) the slope collapse of the mine is mainly characterized by step failure, which is mainly composed of broken and through zone of rock bridge between the ends of intermittent joints and primary joint. Although the shapes of different parts of the slider are different, the shape is the same. 4) the study shows that the shear plastic deformation of the southern slope is aggravated by blasting load. Blasting load is easy to cause shear plastic deformation in soft transition layer of bedding slope, thus affecting the overall stability of slope. 5) considering the factors of economy, technology, politics and so on. According to the typical slope, a slope cutting load reduction scheme is put forward, and the safety factor of the slope after treatment is calculated to meet the requirements of the code under static and blasting vibration. This paper puts forward the comprehensive measures of the treatment scheme of "pressing foot and blocking water". In this paper, the following innovative research results are obtained: 1) the hierarchical structure model of slope rock mass quality classification is established. The comprehensive evaluation and identification method of slope rock mass quality is formed, which provides a feasible method for engineering application of engineering rock mass quality evaluation. (2) the meso-analytical model of intermittent jointed rock mass and the classification model of rock bridge failure are established, and the fracture law and mechanism of intermittent jointed rock mass under uniaxial compression are revealed. In this paper, the failure characteristics of rock slope with intermittent jointed bedding are investigated. The formula of particle vibration velocity considering the effect of elevation amplification is derived, and the analysis model of blasting vibration of slope is established. The dynamic response law and damage characteristics of bedding slope under blasting load are revealed. In a word, the research methods and related results in this paper have certain theoretical significance and engineering application value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TD854.6

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