本文關(guān)鍵詞：原位生長TiB_2棒晶增韌陶瓷刀具及其磨損可靠性評價研究　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 反應(yīng)熱壓燒結(jié) 原位生長棒晶 高溫抗彎強(qiáng)度 生長機(jī)理 磨損可靠性評價

【摘要】：針對目前TiB2基陶瓷刀具的斷裂韌度低、高溫力學(xué)性能研究少、傳統(tǒng)制備工藝不完善等問題,本研究提出了原位生長TiB2棒晶增韌TiB2基陶瓷刀具材料反應(yīng)熱壓燒結(jié)制備工藝技術(shù),研制成功了具有良好室溫和高溫力學(xué)性能及切削性能的新型陶瓷刀具。對陶瓷刀具材料的物相組成、微觀組織演變、室溫力學(xué)性能、高溫抗彎強(qiáng)度、棒晶生長機(jī)理與生長動力學(xué)規(guī)律、增韌補(bǔ)強(qiáng)機(jī)理、刀具切削性能與可靠性評價等進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)深入的研究。反應(yīng)熱壓燒結(jié)工藝技術(shù)的提出和新型陶瓷刀具材料的研制豐富了陶瓷刀具材料的制備工藝,為高性能陶瓷刀具的設(shè)計制造理論、研發(fā)和應(yīng)用研究奠定了重要基礎(chǔ)。提出了原位生長TiB2棒晶增韌陶瓷刀具材料反應(yīng)熱壓燒結(jié)制備工藝技術(shù),實現(xiàn)了TiB2棒晶原位生長與陶瓷刀具燒結(jié)的一體化制造技術(shù)。研制成功了TS系列(TiB2-SiC)陶瓷刀具材料。其斷裂韌度隨SiC含量的增加而提高,但抗彎強(qiáng)度和硬度均降低。其中TS10 (TiB2-10wt.%SiC)的室溫力學(xué)性能最優(yōu),即抗彎強(qiáng)度為705MPa、斷裂韌度為6.6MPa·m1/2、維氏硬度為22.5GPa和相對密度為98.7%。原位生長的TiB2棒晶為單晶,其直徑為1-2μm,長徑比為3-6,產(chǎn)量為12vol.%。TiB2棒晶的主要增韌補(bǔ)強(qiáng)機(jī)理是裂紋偏轉(zhuǎn)、棒晶橋聯(lián)、裂紋分叉和棒晶斷裂。研制成功了TSN系列(TiB2-SiC-Ni)陶瓷刀具材料。Ni的含量顯著影響陶瓷刀具材料的室溫力學(xué)性能。其中TSN5 (TiB2-SiC-5wt.%Ni)的室溫力學(xué)性能最優(yōu),即抗彎強(qiáng)度為1121MPa、斷裂韌度為7.9MPa-m1/2、維氏硬度為21.3GPa和相對密度為98.6%。原位生長的TiB2棒晶為單晶,其直徑為0.2～1.51μm,長徑比為3-10,產(chǎn)量為18vol.%。TiB2棒晶的主要增韌補(bǔ)強(qiáng)機(jī)理是裂紋偏轉(zhuǎn)、裂紋分叉、棒晶橋聯(lián)和棒晶斷裂。金屬Ni的延性相增韌作用提高了陶瓷刀具材料的斷裂韌度。研制成功了TTS系列(TiB2-TiC-SiC)陶瓷刀具材料。原位生成的TiC有效抑制了TiB2晶粒的長大,材料具有均勻細(xì)小的微觀組織。TiC可誘導(dǎo)TiB2晶粒異向生長成為棒晶,當(dāng)TiC含量降低時,材料中的TiB2棒晶產(chǎn)量降低。其中TTS(TiB2-TiC-SiC)的室溫力學(xué)性能最優(yōu),即抗彎強(qiáng)度為768MPa、斷裂韌度為7.3MPa·m1/2、維氏硬度為21.8GPa和相對密度為99.1%。原位生長的TiB2棒晶為單晶,其直徑為0.5-1μm,長徑比為3-8,產(chǎn)量為20vol.%。TiB2棒晶的主要增韌補(bǔ)強(qiáng)機(jī)理是裂紋偏轉(zhuǎn)、裂紋橋聯(lián)、裂紋分叉、棒晶斷裂和棒晶拔出。研究了原位生長TiB2棒晶增韌陶瓷刀具材料的高溫抗彎強(qiáng)度,揭示了陶瓷刀具的高溫抗彎強(qiáng)度隨溫度變化的規(guī)律,提出了陶瓷刀具高溫抗彎強(qiáng)度的增強(qiáng)與弱化機(jī)理。TS系列刀具的抗彎強(qiáng)度隨溫度的升高而逐漸降低,TS10具有最優(yōu)的室溫及高溫抗彎強(qiáng)度；TSN系列刀具的抗彎強(qiáng)度隨溫度的升高而急劇降低,在800℃以上表現(xiàn)出塑性斷裂行為；TTS刀具的抗彎強(qiáng)度隨溫度的升高先增大爾后降低。新型陶瓷刀具高溫抗彎強(qiáng)度的主要增強(qiáng)機(jī)理是微裂紋愈合和殘余拉應(yīng)力降低,主要弱化機(jī)理是晶界軟化、刀具氧化和彈性模量降低。原位生成的SiC提高了TiB2陶瓷的抗氧化性能；原位生成的TiC細(xì)化了晶粒,提高了材料的室溫和高溫抗彎強(qiáng)度；金屬Ni提高了材料的室溫力學(xué)性能,但是同時降低了材料的高溫抗彎強(qiáng)度。原位生長TiB2棒晶有效抑制了高溫下晶�；坪途Я＾D(zhuǎn)動,提高了陶瓷刀具材料的高溫抗彎強(qiáng)度。建立了原位生長TiB2棒晶增韌補(bǔ)強(qiáng)陶瓷刀具微觀組織演變的幾何模型,構(gòu)建了基于擴(kuò)散控制的原位生長TiB2棒晶固-液-固(SLS)生長機(jī)理模型,創(chuàng)建了原位生長TiB2棒晶橋聯(lián)和棒晶拔出的增韌補(bǔ)強(qiáng)機(jī)理模型。材料的微觀組織演變分為原材料混合、瞬時液相、過渡塑性相、晶粒重排和棒晶生長等階段。原位生長TiB2棒晶的生長受擴(kuò)散控制,高溫下熔融Ti為其生長提供了良好的液相環(huán)境。建立了原位生長TiB2棒晶生長動力學(xué)模型。在一定溫度下,棒晶長度、直徑和長徑比隨著生長時間的延長而增大；在一定生長時間內(nèi),棒晶長徑比隨著溫度的升高而增大。研究了新型陶瓷刀具材料的增韌補(bǔ)強(qiáng)機(jī)理。建立了原位生長TiB2棒晶橋聯(lián)和拔出的增韌補(bǔ)強(qiáng)機(jī)理模型。研究了棒晶內(nèi)第二相顆粒、晶內(nèi)型棒晶、晶內(nèi)型納米晶粒、晶間型微／納米晶粒、位錯、延性相和界面結(jié)合狀態(tài)等的增韌補(bǔ)強(qiáng)機(jī)理。研究了新型陶瓷刀具加工難加工材料時的切削性能,建立了評價新型陶瓷刀具磨損可靠性的刀具磨損壽命分布模型。研究了新型陶瓷刀具濕式連續(xù)切削Invar36合金時的切削性能,TS10的最優(yōu)切削用量為v=140m/min、f=0.1mm/r和ap=0.4mm,刀具磨損壽命為26.2min；刀具的主要磨損機(jī)理是粘結(jié)磨損、擴(kuò)散磨損、氧化磨損和磨粒磨損；建立了評價刀具磨損可靠性的刀具磨損壽命對數(shù)正態(tài)分布函數(shù)和可靠度函數(shù)模型；刀具磨損壽命變異系數(shù)為0.085,刀具磨損可靠性較高。研究了新型陶瓷刀具濕式連續(xù)切削奧氏體不銹鋼1Cr18Ni9Ti時的切削性能,TSN5的最優(yōu)切削用量為v=100m/min、f=0.1mm/r和ap=0.35mm,刀具磨損壽命為24.4min;刀具的主要磨損機(jī)理是粘結(jié)磨損、擴(kuò)散磨損和輕微的氧化磨損；建立了評價刀具磨損可靠性的刀具磨損壽命威布爾分布函數(shù)和可靠度函數(shù)模型,該分布的模數(shù)為1.633,刀具磨損可靠性較低。研究了新型陶瓷刀具濕式連續(xù)切削熱作模具鋼H13時的切削性能,ITS的最優(yōu)切削用量為v=100m/min、f=0.1mm/r和ap=0.25mm,刀具磨損壽命為45.4min；刀具的主要磨損機(jī)理是粘結(jié)磨損、氧化磨損和磨粒磨損；建立了評價刀具磨損可靠性的刀具磨損壽命對數(shù)正態(tài)分布函數(shù)和可靠度函數(shù)模型,刀具磨損壽命變異系數(shù)為0.069,刀具磨損可靠性較高。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the fracture toughness of TiB2 ceramic tool is low, high temperature mechanical properties of less, technology is not perfect by traditional system, this study proposes the in situ growth of TiB2 rod crystal toughened TiB2 matrix ceramic tool material prepared by reactive hot pressing sintering technology, the development of new ceramic tool has good room temperature and high temperature mechanical properties and cutting performance the success on the phase composition of ceramic tool materials, microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, high bending strength, good mechanism and regularity of the growth kinetics of crystal growth, the strengthening and toughening mechanism, make a systematic study of cutting performance and reliability evaluation. Put forward and developed a new ceramic tool material reaction process technology of hot pressing sintering enriches the preparation technology of ceramic tool materials, manufacturing theory for the design of high performance ceramic tools, the development and application of research laid an important foundation. The in situ growth of TiB2 rod crystal toughened ceramic material prepared by reactive hot pressing sintering technology, manufacturing technology to achieve the integration of the TiB2 rods in situ growth and sintering of ceramic tool. The successful development of the TS series (TiB2-SiC) ceramic tool material. The fracture toughness increased with the increasing content of SiC, but the flexural strength and hardness decreased. The TS10 (TiB2-10wt.%SiC) the optimal mechanical properties at room temperature, the bending strength is 705MPa, the fracture toughness of 6.6MPa m1/2, Vivtorinox 22.5GPa and hardness of the relative density of 98.7%. in situ growth of TiB2 rod crystal crystal, its diameter is 1-2 m, the ratio of length to diameter is 3-6, the output is the main toughening 12vol.%.TiB2 the crystal rod reinforcing mechanism is crack deflection, crack branching and bridging rod, rod crystal fracture. The development of TSN series success (TiB2-SiC-Ni) content of the ceramic tool material.Ni significantly affect the mechanical ceramic tool materials The performance of the TSN5 (TiB2-SiC-5wt.%Ni). The optimal mechanical properties at room temperature, the bending strength is 1121MPa, the fracture toughness 7.9MPa-m1/2, Vivtorinox hardness is 21.3GPa and the relative density was 98.6%. in situ growth of TiB2 rod crystal crystal, its diameter is 0.2 ~ 1.51 m, the ratio of length to diameter is 3-10, the yield is the main toughening of 18vol.%.TiB2 rod the crystal reinforcing mechanism is crack deflection, crack bifurcation, rod bridging and rod fracture. The ductility of the metal Ni phase toughening effect to improve the fracture toughness of ceramic tool materials. The successful development of the TTS series (TiB2-TiC-SiC) ceramic tool materials. The in situ formed TiC effectively inhibited the growth of TiB2 grains with uniform and fine materials the microstructure of.TiC TiB2 can induce the abnormal grain growth become great crystal, when the TiC content is reduced, reducing the TiB2 rods in the material. The yield of TTS (TiB2-TiC-SiC) of the most excellent mechanical properties at room temperature, the bending strength For 768MPa, the fracture toughness is 7.3MPa - m1/2, Vivtorinox hardness is 21.8GPa and the relative density was 99.1%. in situ growth of TiB2 rod crystal crystal, its diameter is 0.5-1 m, the ratio of length to diameter is 3-8, the yield of the 20vol.%.TiB2 rod as the main toughening and reinforcing mechanism is crack deflection, crack bridging, crack branching, rod crystal fracture and pull rod crystal. The bending strength of high temperature in situ growth of TiB2 rod crystal toughened ceramic material, reveals the high temperature ceramic tool of flexural strength varies with temperature, the bending strength of reinforced flexural strength of high temperature ceramic tool and Weakening Mechanism of.TS series tool with temperature increasing. Gradually reduce the flexural strength at room temperature and high temperature, TS10 has the best; the flexural strength of TSN series tool with the increase of temperature decreased sharply, showing plastic fracture behavior at 800 DEG C; the flexural strength of TTS tool with temperature rise The high first increased and then reduced. The main strengthening mechanism of ceramic cutting tools for high temperature strength of the micro crack healing and reduce the residual tensile stress, the main mechanism of grain boundary weakening is softening, reduce tool oxidation and elastic modulus. The in situ formed SiC improves the oxidation resistance of TiB2 ceramics; TiC in situ grain refinement, improved the bending strength of the material at room temperature and high temperature; metal Ni improves the mechanical properties at room temperature of the material, but also reduces the material of the high temperature bending strength. In situ growth of TiB2 rod crystal can effectively restrain the grain and grain rotation slip under high temperature, bending strength has improved high temperature ceramic tool materials. A geometric model for the evolution of in situ growth the TiB2 rod reinforced ceramic tool microstructure, constructed in situ diffusion control based on the growth of TiB2 rod crystal solid liquid solid (SLS) growth mechanism model, created in situ growth of Ti The B2 rod and bridging rod crystal pull-out toughening mechanism model. The microstructure evolution of materials into raw materials mixing, transient liquid phase, transient plastic phase, grain rearrangement and rod crystal growth stage. The growth of the TiB2 rod in situ was controlled by diffusion, high temperature melt Ti provides good the liquid environment for its students. Established in situ growth of TiB2 rod crystal growth kinetics model. Under certain temperature, rod length, diameter and length to diameter ratio increases with the growth of time; in a certain growth period, rod length diameter ratio increases with the temperature of toughening ceramic. The tool material reinforcing mechanism. Established in situ growth of TiB2 rod crystal bridging and pull-out toughening mechanism model. The study of second phase particles in the crystal rod, intragranular rod crystal, intragranular nano grains, intergranular micro / nano grain, dislocation, ductile phase and interface. The state of the toughening and reinforcing mechanism. On the new ceramic tool cutting performance of hard materials, a tool wear life distribution model evaluation model of ceramic tool wear reliability. On the cutting performance of ceramic cutting tools wet continuous cutting of Invar36 alloy, the optimal cutting parameters of TS10 for v=140m/min, f=0.1mm/r and ap=0.4mm life is 26.2min, the tool wear; the wear mechanism is mainly adhesion wear, diffusion wear, oxidation wear and abrasive wear; a tool wear life reliability assessment of tool wear on the number of normal distribution function and reliability function model; tool wear life of the coefficient of variation was 0.085, tool wear and high reliability. A new study the cutting performance of ceramic cutting tool wet continuous cutting austenitic stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti, the optimal cutting parameters TSN5 v=100m/min, f= 0.1M M/r and ap=0.35mm, the tool wear life of 24.4min; the main wear mechanism is adhesive wear, diffusion wear and slight oxidative wear; establish the evaluation tool wear reliability of tool wear function and reliability function model of life Wipur distribution, the distribution of mode number is 1.633, the tool wear low reliability. On the new ceramic wet continuous cutting heat cutting performance of tool die steel H13, the optimal cutting dosage of ITS is v=100m/min, f=0.1mm/r and ap=0.25mm, the tool wear life of 45.4min; the main wear mechanism is adhesive wear, oxidation wear and abrasive wear; establish the evaluation reliability of tool wear tool wear life of the lognormal distribution function and the reliability function model, tool wear life of the coefficient of variation was 0.069, tool wear and high reliability.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG711

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