本文關(guān)鍵詞：鈉信標(biāo)自適應(yīng)光學(xué)系統(tǒng)波前探測問題研究　出處：《中國科學(xué)院光電技術(shù)研究所》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 自適應(yīng)光學(xué) 鈉信標(biāo) 波前探測 回波光子數(shù) 非等暈誤差

【摘要】：自適應(yīng)光學(xué)系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)成為大口徑地基望遠(yuǎn)鏡的基本組成部分之一,而人造鈉信標(biāo)的使用可以極大地提高天文自適應(yīng)光學(xué)系統(tǒng)的天空覆蓋率。但利用鈉信標(biāo)進(jìn)行波前探測時(shí)會(huì)存在光斑亮度低、光斑拉長以及波前探測的非等暈性等問題。本論文根據(jù)中國科學(xué)院光電技術(shù)研究所在麗江1.8米望遠(yuǎn)鏡上的鈉信標(biāo)自適應(yīng)光學(xué)系統(tǒng),針對(duì)系統(tǒng)中波前探測部分在實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中遇到的主要問題:鈉信標(biāo)光斑亮度較低和鈉信標(biāo)波前探測的非等暈誤差,完成了如下主要研究工作。首先建立鈉信標(biāo)激光器激發(fā)大氣中鈉原子的理論模型,針對(duì)麗江1.8米望遠(yuǎn)鏡上中國科學(xué)院光電技術(shù)研究所鈉信標(biāo)自適應(yīng)光學(xué)系統(tǒng)所用的中國科學(xué)院理化技術(shù)研究所20 W級(jí)百微秒脈沖激光器,完成了該激光器對(duì)鈉原子激發(fā)效率(耦合效率)的數(shù)值仿真,并重點(diǎn)分析了激光的偏振狀態(tài)、弛豫震蕩、光譜分布以及D2a+D2b雙峰泵浦對(duì)耦合效率的影響。數(shù)值仿真結(jié)果表明,對(duì)于給定類型的激光器,存在一個(gè)最優(yōu)的功率密度,當(dāng)激光處在此功率密度下與鈉原子的耦合效率最高。同時(shí),通過數(shù)值仿真得到的結(jié)果也給未來該激光器的升級(jí)提供了更好的建議。然后,基于麗江1.8米望遠(yuǎn)鏡平臺(tái),搭建了一套完整的鈉信標(biāo)測光系統(tǒng),并提出了對(duì)于鈉信標(biāo)回光亮度實(shí)驗(yàn)測量的理論和方法。在此平臺(tái)上,完成了對(duì)鈉信標(biāo)光斑形態(tài)和回光亮度的優(yōu)化,并對(duì)鈉信標(biāo)的回光亮度和激光器的耦合效率進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)測量。并且,搭建了鈉信標(biāo)激光器D2a+D2b雙峰泵浦實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了雙峰泵浦對(duì)鈉信標(biāo)回光亮度提升的有效性。最后,針對(duì)鈉信標(biāo)波前探測帶來的非等暈誤差,通過設(shè)定大氣湍流相位屏及光波前傳播方程,數(shù)值仿真了在利用鈉信標(biāo)進(jìn)行波前探測時(shí)所帶來的非等暈誤差,并分別分析了其中高度非等暈誤差和角度非等暈誤差的大小。并根據(jù)該仿真方法的思路,設(shè)計(jì)了一套鈉信標(biāo)非等暈波前探測誤差的實(shí)驗(yàn)測量系統(tǒng)。本文數(shù)值仿真并實(shí)驗(yàn)測量了鈉信標(biāo)的回光亮度和鈉信標(biāo)激光器與鈉原子間的耦合效率,完成了對(duì)鈉信標(biāo)光斑形態(tài)和回光亮度的優(yōu)化。同時(shí),數(shù)值仿真了鈉信標(biāo)自適應(yīng)光學(xué)系統(tǒng)中非等暈誤差的影響,并設(shè)計(jì)了非等暈誤差的實(shí)驗(yàn)測量系統(tǒng)。文中所做工作為國內(nèi)鈉信標(biāo)自適應(yīng)光學(xué)系統(tǒng)的首次閉環(huán)奠定了基礎(chǔ),同時(shí)為后期鈉信標(biāo)自適應(yīng)光學(xué)系統(tǒng)波前探測器的設(shè)計(jì)也提供了參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Adaptive optics system has become one of the basic components of large aperture ground-based telescope. The use of artificial sodium beacons can greatly improve the sky coverage of astronomical adaptive optical systems, but the spot brightness will be low when using sodium beacons to detect wavefront. Based on the sodium beacons adaptive optical system of the Institute of Optoelectronic Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Lijiang 1.8m telescope. In view of the main problems encountered in the experiment of the wavefront detection part of the system: the low luminance of the sodium beacon and the non-equal-halo error of the detection of the wavefront of the sodium beacon. The main work is as follows. Firstly, the theoretical model of sodium atom excited by sodium beacons laser is established. Aimed at the sodium beacons adaptive optical system of the Institute of Optoelectronic Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences on the 1.8m telescope in Lijiang, the 20W nanosecond pulse laser was used by the Institute of Physicochemical Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The numerical simulation of the excitation efficiency (coupling efficiency) of the laser to sodium atom is completed, and the polarization state and relaxation oscillation of the laser are analyzed. The spectral distribution and the effect of D2a D2b double peak pumping on the coupling efficiency. The numerical simulation results show that there is an optimal power density for a given type of laser. The coupling efficiency between the laser and the sodium atom is the highest at this power density. At the same time, the numerical simulation results also provide better suggestions for the future upgrade of the laser. Based on the 1.8m telescope platform of Lijiang, a complete light measuring system of sodium beacon is built, and the theory and method of experimental measurement of the brightness of sodium beacon are put forward. The optimization of the spot shape and the light return brightness of the sodium beacon has been completed, and the coupling efficiency of the sodium beacon and the coupling efficiency of the laser have been measured experimentally. A double-peak pump experimental platform of sodium beacons laser D2a D2b is built, which verifies the effectiveness of bimodal pumping on the enhancement of the brightness of sodium beacons. Finally, the non-equal-halo error caused by the detection of sodium beacons wavefront is studied. By setting the phase screen of atmospheric turbulence and the propagation equation of light wavefront, the non-equal-halo error caused by using sodium beacons to detect wavefront is numerically simulated. The magnitude of the height non-isobaric error and the angular non-isobaric error are analyzed respectively. A set of experimental measurement system for the detection error of nonisohalo wavefront in sodium beacons is designed. In this paper, the backlight brightness of sodium beacons and the coupling efficiency between sodium beacons laser and sodium atoms are numerically simulated and experimentally measured. At the same time, the influence of non-isobaric error in the adaptive optical system of sodium beacons is numerically simulated. The experimental measurement system of non-isobaric error is designed. The work in this paper lays a foundation for the first closed loop of the domestic sodium beacon adaptive optical system. It also provides a reference for the design of the wavefront detector of the late sodium beacon adaptive optical system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院光電技術(shù)研究所
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TH751;TN248

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