發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-26 10:40

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 肉雞屠宰 下腳料 微生物肥料　出處：《沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：肉雞下腳料是肉雞屠宰加工后的廢棄物,約占總重的65%。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)雞類下腳料主要用于一些綜合的加工利用,其余均被排放到田間,利用效率低下,而且還造成環(huán)境污染。肉雞屠宰后的下腳料發(fā)酵制成微生物肥料具有肥效時(shí)間長(zhǎng)、節(jié)約資源、安全無(wú)毒、成本較低等優(yōu)點(diǎn),對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展、避免環(huán)境污染、提高資源的利用率具有重要意義。本試驗(yàn)通過(guò)篩選得到對(duì)肉雞屠宰下腳料具有發(fā)酵作用的優(yōu)勢(shì)菌種進(jìn)行形態(tài)學(xué)、生理生化能力觀察、推斷其所在菌屬,并通過(guò)分子生物學(xué)鑒定方法確定三種優(yōu)勢(shì)菌種為產(chǎn)酸克雷伯氏菌株、液化沙雷氏菌、熱帶假絲酵母。將三株菌種進(jìn)行復(fù)合培養(yǎng)并對(duì)影響因素進(jìn)行單因素試驗(yàn)和優(yōu)化試驗(yàn),結(jié)果確定培養(yǎng)基配方為:葡萄糖20g/L、蛋白胨15g/L、氯化鈉O.1g/L、硫酸鎂0.25g/L、硫酸二氫鉀0.25g/L。優(yōu)化后的培養(yǎng)條件為:菌種活化液接菌量5%(v/v)、培養(yǎng)溫度30℃、pH7.0、轉(zhuǎn)速160r/min、培養(yǎng)14小時(shí)。將優(yōu)勢(shì)菌種復(fù)合培養(yǎng)液加入到未發(fā)酵的下腳料中,以游離氨基酸態(tài)氮含量為指標(biāo),分別考察接菌量、培養(yǎng)溫度、轉(zhuǎn)速、培養(yǎng)時(shí)間、料液比五個(gè)因素對(duì)發(fā)酵效果的影響,采用響應(yīng)面中心組合設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)接菌量、培養(yǎng)溫度和轉(zhuǎn)速三個(gè)因素進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化。最終確定優(yōu)化的工藝參數(shù)為:接菌量5.39%、轉(zhuǎn)速178.89r/min、溫度30.06°C,培養(yǎng)時(shí)間為5天,料液比為1:8,在此培養(yǎng)條件下游離氨基酸態(tài)氮含量的理論值為10.0047g/L,實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)定發(fā)酵液中游離氨基酸態(tài)氮的實(shí)際值為9.88 g/L驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)結(jié)果接近預(yù)測(cè)值,證明該模型可以很好的擬合,有較高的可信度。發(fā)酵產(chǎn)品經(jīng)檢測(cè)符合復(fù)合微生物肥料(NY/T798-2004)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。發(fā)酵肥料的總養(yǎng)分含量大約為4.2%、有效活菌數(shù)為0.97×108cfu/mL、雜菌率為12%、pH6.9。根據(jù)產(chǎn)品的肥效試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:將發(fā)酵肥料稀釋100倍,施用量為5mL/d,種植7天,平均株高較施用市售普通微生物肥料生長(zhǎng)的作物高4.5cm,證明優(yōu)于市售普通微生物肥料。
[Abstract]:Broiler waste is the waste of broiler slaughtering and processing, accounting for about 65% of the total weight. For a long time, chicken waste is mainly used for some comprehensive processing and utilization, the rest are discharged into the field, the utilization efficiency is low. But also caused environmental pollution. Broiler slaughtered waste fermenting microbial fertilizer has the advantages of long time saving resources safe and non-toxic low cost sustainable development of agriculture to avoid environmental pollution. It is of great significance to improve the utilization of resources. In this experiment, the dominant strains of broiler slaughtering wastes were selected to observe their morphological, physiological and biochemical abilities, and to infer the genus of them. The three dominant strains were identified as Klebsiella acidogenic strain and Shareh liquefaction strain by molecular biological identification. Three strains of Candida tropicalis were co-cultured and single factor test and optimization test were carried out. The results showed that the medium formula was glucose 20 g / L and peptone 15 g / L. Sodium chloride 0.1g / L, magnesium sulfate 0.25g / L, potassium dihydrogen sulfate 0.25g / L. the optimized culture conditions were as follows: the amount of bacteria inoculated with activated solution was 5g / L, and the culture temperature was 30 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1465376