本文選題：廣東柵蚤蠅 + 死亡時間��； 參考：《沈陽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：廣東柵蚤蠅Diplonevra peregrina(Wiedemann)隸屬于蚤蠅科柵蚤蠅屬,在我國分布廣泛,是第一個在中國以雙名法記錄的蚤蠅種類。該種幼蟲的食性為腐食性或尸食性,是一種常見的、重要的法醫(yī)蠅類,在死亡時間的推斷中具有重要作用。本研究以廣東柵蚤蠅D.peregrina為實(shí)驗(yàn)材料,在恒溫恒濕和室內(nèi)變溫條件下,觀察各蟲態(tài)的發(fā)育歷期,采用Olympus三維重構(gòu)圖像處理系統(tǒng)測量幼蟲體長,活體解剖觀察蛹發(fā)育,測定各蟲態(tài)的發(fā)育起點(diǎn)溫度和有效積溫。旨在積累該種幼期發(fā)育生物學(xué)資料,為我國利用尸食性蚤蠅推斷室內(nèi)案件死亡時間奠定基礎(chǔ)。本研究主要結(jié)果如下:1.不同恒溫恒濕條件或室內(nèi)變溫條件下,廣東柵蚤蠅D.peregrina卵、幼蟲和蛹的發(fā)育歷期隨著溫度的升高縮短。在24℃、27℃和30℃,卵平均最短發(fā)育時間分別為17.86±0.44h、15.13±0.39h、12.28±0.48h;幼蟲平均最短發(fā)育時間分別為158.88±16.50h、127.03±4.72h、107.53±3.80h;雌蛹平均最短發(fā)育時間分別為376.37±13.64h、311.56±8.53h、264.56±9.46h;雄蛹平均最短發(fā)育時間分別為367.66±19.19h、308.74±6.45h、255.04±4.37h。在33℃,卵不發(fā)育。2.構(gòu)建了24℃、27℃和30℃廣東柵蚤蠅D.peregrina幼蟲體長與發(fā)育時間的擬合方程,分別為Y=㧟0.299㧏0.208X㧟0.001X2(R2=0.929)、Y=㧟0.053㧏0.224X㧟0.001X2(R2=0.934)、Y=0.614㧏0.19X㧟0.001X2(R2=0.951)。3.構(gòu)建了室內(nèi)變溫條件下廣東柵蚤蠅D.peregrina幼蟲體長與有效積溫的擬合方程,取食期:Y1=0.862㧏0.848X1(R2=0.978);離食期:Y2=27.604㧟1.46X2(R2=0.96)。4.根據(jù)廣東柵蚤蠅D.peregrina裸蛹外部形態(tài)特征,將其蛹期劃分為8個亞期,即預(yù)蛹期、呼吸角伸出期、胸腹分節(jié)期、胸背肌分化和腹部分節(jié)期、黃眼期、胸背部著色期、腹背板著色期和黑眼期。5.測定并比較了恒溫及室內(nèi)變溫條件下,廣東柵蚤蠅D.peregrina卵、幼蟲和蛹的發(fā)育起點(diǎn)溫度與有效積溫,結(jié)果顯示室溫條件下廣東柵蚤蠅D.peregrina發(fā)育速度較恒溫條件下快。恒溫條件下,廣東柵蚤蠅D.peregrina卵、幼蟲和蛹的發(fā)育起點(diǎn)溫度分別為11.22±2.52℃、11.40±0.46℃、11.34±1.35℃,有效積溫分別為232.54±36.83小時·度、1994.56±57.68小時·度、4808.67±410.17小時·度。室內(nèi)變溫條件下,廣東柵蚤蠅D.peregrina卵、幼蟲和蛹的發(fā)育起點(diǎn)溫度分別為14.78±1.25℃、15.88±0.9℃和16.04±0.2℃,有效積溫分別為176.24±19.52小時·度、1571.95±158.07小時·度和3516.41±100.46小時·度。
[Abstract]:Diplonevra peregrina Wiedemannn belongs to the genus Daphnidae, which is widely distributed in China and is the first species recorded in China by double name method. The larva is a common, important forensic fly, which plays an important role in the estimation of death time. In this study, D.peregrina was used as the experimental material, under the condition of constant temperature, humidity and indoor temperature, the developmental periods of each insect were observed. The larval length was measured by Olympus three-dimensional reconstruction image processing system, and the development of pupa was observed by in vivo anatomy. The development threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature of each species were measured. The aim of this study was to accumulate the developmental biological data of the juvenile species and to lay a foundation for the estimation of the death time of indoor cases by using the cadaveric flea fly in China. The main results of this study are as follows: 1. The developmental periods of D.peregrina eggs, larvae and pupae were shortened with the increase of temperature under different conditions of constant temperature and humidity or indoor temperature change. The average minimum developmental time of eggs was 17.86 鹵0.44 h (15.13 鹵0.39 h), that of larvae was 158.88 鹵16.50 h (127.03 鹵4.72 h), that of female pupae was 376.37 鹵13.64 h (311.56 鹵8.53 h), and that of male pupae was 367.66 鹵19.19 h, 308.74 鹵6.45 h, 255.04 鹵4.37 h, respectively. At 33 鈩，

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