【摘要】：黃河是我國(guó)第二大河流,其對(duì)營(yíng)養(yǎng)鹽的輸送在區(qū)域乃至全球范圍內(nèi)扮演著很重要的角色.本研究對(duì)黃河高村至利津河段5個(gè)站點(diǎn)兩季水體和沉積物中不同形態(tài)磷的分布特征進(jìn)行了研究.結(jié)果表明,黃河高村至利津河段水體5月處于磷污染狀態(tài),5月水體總磷(TP)變化范圍為0.05~2.31 mg·L~(-1),9月為0.03~0.1 mg·L~(-1),顆粒態(tài)磷(PP)為主要賦存形態(tài),TP與PP呈極顯著相關(guān)(P0.01),徑流量和水體TP與PP顯著正相關(guān)(P0.05),總?cè)芙庑粤?TDP)與溶解性無(wú)機(jī)磷(DIP)顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(P0.05,P0.01),流量增加對(duì)TDP和DIP的稀釋作用很明顯,但黃河高村至利津河段土壤磷流失仍然很嚴(yán)重.水體懸浮顆粒物(SPM)質(zhì)量濃度與DIP顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(P0.01),SPM對(duì)水體DIP的吸附作用明顯;秋季水體高錳酸鹽指數(shù)較春季高,受有機(jī)物污染更嚴(yán)重,水體高錳酸鹽指數(shù)與DIP質(zhì)量濃度顯著正相關(guān)(P0.01).黃河高村至利津河段沉積物兩季總磷的含量基本處于未污染水平,沉積物TP 5月變化范圍為284.23~569.58 mg·kg~(-1),9月為287.97~355.39 mg·kg~(-1),鈣磷(CaP)為無(wú)機(jī)磷(IP)的主要賦存形態(tài).活性有機(jī)磷(L-OP)含量與徑流量,水體SPM質(zhì)量濃度和高錳酸鹽指數(shù)顯著相關(guān)(P0.01,P0.05,P0.01),5月利津站點(diǎn)的有機(jī)磷(OP)含量明顯較高,可能是降雨沖刷流域內(nèi)礦物開(kāi)采區(qū)導(dǎo)致的,黃河高村至利津河段能源基地生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)需要密切關(guān)注.
[Abstract]:The Yellow River is the second largest river in China, which plays an important role in the transport of nutrients. The distribution characteristics of different phosphorus forms in water and sediment of five stations from Gaocun to Lijin reach of the Yellow River were studied in this paper. The results show that The total phosphorus (TP) of the Yellow River reach from Gaocun to Lijin was in the state of phosphorus pollution in May. The range of total phosphorus (TP) in May and September was 0.05N 2.31 mg / L ~ (-1) and 0.03 ~ 0. 1 mg / L ~ (-1), respectively. There was a significant correlation between TP and PP (P0.01), and the runoff and TP of water were significantly correlated with PP (P0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) (P0.05, P0.01). The dilution effect of TDP and DIP was obvious when the flow rate increased. But the soil phosphorus loss is still very serious from Gaocun to Lijin reach of the Yellow River. There was a significant negative correlation between the (SPM) concentration of suspended particulates and DIP (P0.01), and the adsorption of DIP in water in autumn was higher than that in spring, and it was more polluted by organic matter, and the water permanganate index was positively correlated with DIP concentration (P0.01). The total phosphorus content in the sediments from Gaocun to Lijin reaches of the Yellow River is basically unpolluted. The variation range of TP in sediment in May is 284.23 ~ 569.58 mg kg-1, and in September it is 287.97 ~ 355.39 mg kg-1. Calcium and phosphorus (CaP) is the main occurrence form of inorganic phosphorus (IP). The content of active organic phosphorus (L-OP) was significantly correlated with runoff, water SPM concentration and permanganate index (P0.01). In May, the content of (OP) in Lijin station was significantly higher, which may be caused by rainfall erosion of mineral mining areas in the basin. The production activities of energy base from Gaocun Yellow River to Lijin River need close attention.
【作者單位】： 北京林業(yè)大學(xué)環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51279004) 人事部留學(xué)基金委擇優(yōu)資助項(xiàng)目(優(yōu)秀項(xiàng)目類)
【分類號(hào)】：X522

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