本文關(guān)鍵詞：石灰類鈍化劑對土壤鎘修復(fù)機(jī)理及油麥菜吸收鎘的影響　出處：《沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 方解石 碳酸鈣 赤泥 鎘污染土壤 油麥菜

【摘要】：針對目前我國土壤環(huán)境狀況質(zhì)量下降,土壤重金屬污染日益嚴(yán)重的現(xiàn)狀,開展對鎘污染農(nóng)田修復(fù)與治理對保證農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全具有重要現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本研究通過盆栽實(shí)驗(yàn),研究了施用方解石粉、赤泥、碳酸鈣粉等石灰物質(zhì)對污染土壤鎘形態(tài)變化和降低油麥菜吸收鎘的影響。獲得的主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)所有處理較對照pH值均有顯著上升,其中添加赤泥處理對提高土壤pH值作用最大,使其上升了 0.82～1.50個(gè)單位;其次是方解石,土壤pH值上升了 0.84～1.23;添加碳酸鈣處理與方解石效果相近,使土壤pH值上升0.89～1.01個(gè)單位。(2)三種鈍化劑均能有效降低土壤有效態(tài)鎘含量。施用赤泥處理使土壤有效態(tài)鎘含量降低了 2.7%～33.3%,碳酸鈣處理使土壤有效態(tài)鎘含量降低了 6.7%～27.9%,方解石處理對土壤有效態(tài)鎘含量降低了 14.3%～33.2%。將三種鈍化劑處理的pH與有效態(tài)做相關(guān)分析表明,赤泥處理的pH值與有效態(tài)呈極顯著負(fù)相關(guān),碳酸鈣的處理發(fā)現(xiàn)二者呈極顯著負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,方解石處理的pH值與有效態(tài)無顯著相關(guān)關(guān)系。(3)對土壤中鎘賦存形態(tài)影響研究發(fā)現(xiàn),施用三種鈍化劑分別使土壤中鎘形態(tài)發(fā)生了一系列變化。其中,土壤可交換態(tài)鎘含量和鐵錳氧化物結(jié)合態(tài)鎘含量有一定程度的降低,且呈現(xiàn)隨施用劑量增加降幅增大的趨勢。三種鈍化劑對土壤可交換態(tài)鎘的轉(zhuǎn)化效率影響大小順序?yàn)?方解石粉赤泥碳酸鈣粉;施用三種鈍化劑都使土壤碳酸鹽結(jié)合態(tài)鎘含量和殘?jiān)鼞B(tài)鎘含量有了很大的升高;對土壤有機(jī)結(jié)合態(tài)鎘的影響較小,且規(guī)律性不強(qiáng)。(4)施用供試的三種鈍化劑后,均能顯著降低油麥菜對土壤鎘的吸收,植株地上和地下部分的鎘含量降幅分別為12.57%～48.01%和12.63%～58.72%。其中,三種鈍化劑對油麥菜地上莖葉部分鎘含量降低幅度順序?yàn)?方解石赤泥碳酸鈣,對地下部分鎘含量影響為:方解石碳酸鈣赤泥;另外,同一種鈍化劑,劑量越大,鈍化效果越好,5%劑量的效果與其他劑量有顯著差異;施用低劑量時(shí),同計(jì)量條件下,赤泥和方解石粉的鈍化效果明顯好于碳酸鈣的,而在高劑量下,三者則無顯著差異。(5)土壤鎘污染能夠影響油麥菜的正常生長,在本供試土壤鎘污染條件下,油麥菜的鮮重和株高比清潔土壤處理(CK0)的分別降低了 44.18%和34.46%。適量施加鈍化劑可以減輕鎘污染對油麥菜生長的影響。添加赤泥處理的表現(xiàn)為隨施用劑量的增加使油麥菜鮮重和株高先升后降,1%劑量為最大生物量,3%和5%劑量的處理使鮮重減產(chǎn);碳酸鈣處理的油麥菜生物量隨劑量增加持續(xù)上升,方解石處理的對油麥菜生物量影響的趨勢是隨方解石粉劑量增加先升后略微下降達(dá)到穩(wěn)定,3%劑量的方解石粉處理使生物量達(dá)到最大值,也是所有處理中生物量最大的處理。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the deterioration of soil environmental quality and the increasingly serious pollution of heavy metals in soil in China, it is of great practical significance to carry out remediation and remediation of Cadmium Contaminated Farmland to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products. This study through the pot experiment, the effects of red mud, calcite powder, calcium carbonate powder lime material cadmium fractions in contaminated soil changes and reduce the influence of cadmium absorption of lettuce. The main results are as follows: (1) all treatments compared with the control values of pH have increased significantly, the addition of red mud treatment had the biggest effect on improving soil pH value, which rose 0.82 to 1.50 units; followed by calcite, soil pH value increased by 0.84 ~ 1.23; adding calcium carbonate and calcite have similar effects. The soil pH value increased from 0.89 to 1.01 units. (2) all three kinds of passivating agents can effectively reduce the content of available cadmium in soil. The application of red mud reduced soil available cadmium content by 2.7% to 33.3%. Calcium carbonate treatment reduced soil available cadmium content by 6.7% to 27.9%. Calcite treatment reduced soil available cadmium content by 14.3% to 33.2%. Correlation analysis between pH and available state treated with three passivating agents showed that pH value of red mud treatment had a very significant negative correlation with available state. Calcium carbonate treatment showed a significant negative correlation between the two, and calcite treated pH value had no significant correlation with the available state. (3) the study on the influence of cadmium in soil found that the application of three kinds of passivating agents, respectively, made a series of changes in the form of cadmium in the soil. The content of exchangeable cadmium in soil and the cadmium content of ferromanganese oxide bound state decreased to a certain extent, and showed a tendency to increase with the increase of application dose. Three kinds of Passivator on conversion efficiency of soil exchangeable cadmium affects the order of the red mud calcite powder calcium carbonate powder; application of three kinds of passivating agent made the soil carbonate bound cadmium content and residual cadmium content has been greatly increased; the effect of soil organic bound cadmium is small, and no regularity strong. (4) the application of three kinds of test passivation agent, can significantly reduce the absorption of cadmium in soil by cadmium content in lettuce, plant aboveground and underground parts were 12.57% ~ 48.01% and 12.63% ~ 58.72%. Among them, three kinds of Passivator on lettuce stem and leaf cadmium content reduced order: red mud calcite calcium carbonate, effects on the underground part of the cadmium content: calcite calcium carbonate mud; in addition, the same kind of passivation, the higher the dose, the better passivation effect, there was significant difference between the 5% dose effect with other dosage; the application of low dose, with the measuring conditions, the passivation effect of red mud and calcite powder was better than calcium carbonate, while at high doses, there is no significant difference between the three. (5) soil cadmium pollution can affect the normal growth of lettuce, the test conditions of cadmium contaminated soil, lettuce fresh weight and plant height of clean soil treatment (CK0) were reduced by 44.18% and 34.46%. The amount of amendments can reduce the cadmium pollution effects on lettuce growth. Add the red mud treatment was increased with the application dosage of the lettuce fresh weight and plant height after the 1% dose of Mr. fall, the maximum biomass, 3% and 5% doses of the fresh cut lettuce; the amount of biological calcium carbonate treatment continued to increase along with the increase of the dose, the effect of treatment on calcite dish biomass oil wheat trend is first increased and then decreased slightly with increasing stable calcite powder, calcite powder processing to 3% doses of the maximum of biomass and biomass in all treatments is the biggest deal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X53

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