本文關(guān)鍵詞：20世紀80年代以來江浙滬農(nóng)村宗教信仰狀況考察，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

20世紀80年代以來江浙滬農(nóng)村宗教信仰狀況考察

20世紀80年代以來江浙滬農(nóng)村宗教信仰狀況考察

宗教信仰寓含了豐富的社會變遷信息，因此也給學術(shù)界提供了豐富的研究素材。宗教作為心理學、社會學、文化人類學的論題，取得了豐碩的成果。農(nóng)村宗教作為農(nóng)村社會變遷研究中的一個課題，在社會轉(zhuǎn)型時期凸現(xiàn)出其對于社會穩(wěn)定乃至社會發(fā)展研究的學術(shù)價值。但農(nóng)村宗教研究仍是目前研究領(lǐng)域比較薄弱的一塊。本文以江浙滬地區(qū)的農(nóng)村宗教為研究對象，嘗試運用歷史學和宗教社會學的策略，梳理20世紀80年代以前江浙滬農(nóng)村宗教信仰的盛衰起伏的歷史過程，著重考察20世紀80年代以來江浙滬農(nóng)村宗教信仰變遷的趨勢，進而從宗教信仰與社會轉(zhuǎn)型、宗教信仰與社會穩(wěn)定等角度，淺析淺析宗教信仰與鄉(xiāng)村社會變遷的內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián)，并提出與農(nóng)村宗教不足相關(guān)的對策性深思。 本篇論文共分為五個構(gòu)成部分。 導言。從相關(guān)論題研究的近況及成果出發(fā)，討論了本文寫作的緣起和研究的意 義，介紹了本文所借鑒的理論與相關(guān)的研究策略，對本文賴以展開的民間文獻、檔案文獻和口述史料，也作了簡要的說明。 第一部分。分兩個階段對20世紀80年代以前江浙滬農(nóng)村宗教信仰狀況予以考察。1900至1949年，江浙鄉(xiāng)村的佛教和道教出現(xiàn)階段性衰落，在農(nóng)村社會中的影響力也持續(xù)下降。相反，天主教和基督教卻因為“本色化”運動的展開，不斷向農(nóng)村社會中滲透，并不斷擴大其對農(nóng)村社會變遷的影響力。1949至1978年，在國家政權(quán)對農(nóng)村社會的強勢整合、大規(guī)模的社會改造和社會動員的背景下，各種公開的鄉(xiāng)村宗教活動相繼中止，宗教信眾人數(shù)下降，宗教信仰在農(nóng)村社會的影響力相應(yīng)削弱。 第二部分。從信眾的社會構(gòu)成、鄉(xiāng)村宗教體系和鄉(xiāng)村教會等角度，梳理了20世紀80年代以來江浙滬農(nóng)村宗教信仰的趨勢。認為革新開放以來江浙鄉(xiāng)村的“宗教熱”具有與此前不同的三大特點：宗教信眾的增加主要集中在一些經(jīng)濟極發(fā)達地區(qū)和一些經(jīng)濟極貧困地區(qū)，鄉(xiāng)村宗教發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)出兩極化的趨勢；佛教、道教等本土化宗教繼續(xù)衰落或復興無力，而天主教和基督教這些非本土的宗教卻在農(nóng)村迅速拓展，呈現(xiàn)為“西教東熱”的趨勢；宗教信仰功利化、信仰群體多碩博在線論文網(wǎng)化鄉(xiāng)村教會世俗化，呈現(xiàn)為適應(yīng)江浙鄉(xiāng)村社會現(xiàn)實的本土化趨勢。 第三部分。從社會轉(zhuǎn)型與農(nóng)村宗教信仰、社會穩(wěn)定與農(nóng)村宗教信仰兩個層面對二十世紀80年代以來江浙滬農(nóng)村宗教信仰進行社會學淺析淺析。剖析傳統(tǒng)和現(xiàn)代沖突交融之后農(nóng)村社會的轉(zhuǎn)變，由此反映到利益分化后農(nóng)民宗教信仰需求及其取舍的深層理由，同時根據(jù)農(nóng)民宗教信仰的心態(tài)延伸出關(guān)于農(nóng)村宗教信仰世俗化和本土化后對農(nóng)村社會穩(wěn)定的深層影響。 結(jié)語。根據(jù)江浙滬農(nóng)村宗教信仰狀態(tài)的考察，總結(jié)目前農(nóng)村宗教信仰的特點，進而提出可行性倡議，作為今后正確面對農(nóng)村宗教信仰不足的借鑒，在信仰價值和國家制約上加強建設(shè)，促使新時期農(nóng)村宗教發(fā)揮起積極作用，克服其負面影響。打造農(nóng)村社會良好的文化氛圍。

【Abstract】 Since the faith not only comprises abundant sociology information but also provides rich materials for the academe research, the religion as a thesis makes great progress on psychology, sociology and anthropology. During the trans-society period, country religion as one of the issue on country society vicissitudinous research stands out its learning value for the research on society stabilization and society development while the disquisition on country religion still is one of the poor parts on research fields at present. So this paper which aims at Jiangzhehu country religion by the means of history and religion sociology hackle the rise and fall of Jiangzhehu country religion faith before 1980s and emphasize on the trend of Jiangzhehu country religion faith flux since 1980s from the point of view of faith and society trans-style, religion faith and society stabilization, then analyses the inner connection between the faith and country society flux Put forward the political reflections upon country religionThe paper is made up of five parts.The introduction discusses the reason and meanings of the composition from the view of point of the actuality and fruit introduces the method used for reference and have a simple account for the folk literature, historical record and nuncupative record.The first part reviews the situation of Jiangzhehu country religion on two aspects before 1980s. From 1900 to 1949, Buddhism and Taoism in Jiangzhehu country which came forth comedown lead to the fall in the country society force. While Catholicism and Christianism continued to infiltrate through the country society and enlarge the influence by the nativism.From 1949 to 1978, on the background of punchy conformity, society alteration and society mobilization with a big scale, all kinds of open activities about country religion stopped in succession. Along with the decrease of follower of a religion, the influence of country faith weak accordingly.The second part hackles the trend of Jiangzhehu country religion faith since 1980s by the view of the follower structure, religion system and country ecclesia. The paper shows that Jiantgzhehu country religion presents three characteristics sinceinnovation: country religion appears two-faced trend, which the followers boom in both rich and poor areas; Buddhism and Taoism in Jiangzhehu country comparatively comedown while Catholicism and Christianism boom quickly in Jiangzhehu country. With the trend of utility, common customs and manifold, country religion is more and more autochthonous.The third part focus on two lays-the society transformation and country religion, the society stabilization and country religion and analyses the inner reason in Jiangzhehu country religion. By the anatomy about the country society transformation on the conflict and amalgamation of tradition and modern, we can find the inner command in the countrymen when they meet the society differentiation. Based on the religion psychology, we can get the inner influence in country society.The epilogue ends on some feasible suggestion. Provided by the review on the country religion, we sum up the characteristics on the country religion, strengthen the faith value and nation control, exert the advantages, and form the good atmosphere at country religion.