本文選題：“老君爺” + 行業(yè)神��； 參考：《華東師范大學》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 在中國,各行各業(yè)幾乎都有自己的行業(yè)保護神,煤炭行業(yè)也有自己的保護神,“老君爺”就是其中之一�！袄暇隣敗背绨莅撕芏嗉漓牖顒�,主要有:日常祭祀、節(jié)日祭祀、生日祭祀、開窯祭祀、復(fù)工祭祀等。但是最具代表性的,是每年農(nóng)歷臘月十八日的“老君爺生日祭祀”。筆者通過對山西省左權(quán)縣煤窯的實地考察,尤其通過對“老君爺”的生日祭祀進行的實地考察后,總結(jié)認為“老君爺”的原型即是“太上老君”,但是他又不是完全的道教神,他具有濃重的民間特色,乃是“太上老君”和“煤窯神”的結(jié)合體。 中國的煤炭資源豐富,中國人民對其進行開采利用也很早,其中山西地區(qū)更是中國煤炭行業(yè)的典型代表。山西人民在長期的煤炭開采、使用過程中,積累了豐富的經(jīng)驗,同時也付出了慘痛的代價——奪走了成千上萬的礦工的生命。在這得與失之間,人們逐漸找到了一個平衡點,那就是“煤窯神”崇拜,并進行相應(yīng)的供奉活動與祭祀活動。 “太上老君”作為道教的最高神,知名度高,輩份大,地位高,有利于提升煤炭業(yè)的知名度和行業(yè)地位;“太上老君”法力高強,能夠更好地保佑從業(yè)者的安全;有了“太上老君”作為旗幟,就能產(chǎn)生號召力和凝聚力,也產(chǎn)生威懾力,易于團結(jié)和約束同行;另外,道教這一制度化宗教對民間信仰有強大的影響力和滲透力。由于上述原因,山西左權(quán)的礦工們奉“太上老君”為煤窯神,并親切地稱之為“老君爺”。 宗教是社會大系統(tǒng)的子系統(tǒng)之一,民間信仰又是中國宗教的一個重要組成部分,也是中國人精神生活的一個組成部分,而煤窯神崇拜是民間信仰的具體表現(xiàn)。因此,煤窯神崇拜也是產(chǎn)煤區(qū)社會結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個子系統(tǒng)。以此類推,“老君爺”崇拜是山西左權(quán)縣的一個社會子系統(tǒng),它有其獨特的社會功能,包括解釋功能、心理撫慰功能、社會整合功能、社會控制功能等。
[Abstract]:In China, almost all industries have their own industry god, coal industry has its own protection god, "Lord" is one of them. The worship of "Lord of the Lord" includes many sacrificial activities, such as daily sacrifice, festival sacrifice, birthday sacrifice, kiln worship, rework sacrifice and so on. But the most representative is the lunar month of the 18 th lunar month, the "Lord's birthday sacrifice." Through the field investigation of the coal kiln in Zuoquan County, Shanxi Province, and especially through the field investigation on the birthday sacrifice of the "Lord of the Lord", the author concludes that the prototype of the "Master of the Lord" is the "Taishanglaojun", but he is not a complete Taoist god. He has strong folk characteristics, is the combination of "Taishang Laojun" and "God of Coal Kiln." China is rich in coal resources and its mining and utilization is very early. Shanxi is a typical representative of China's coal industry. The people of Shanxi have accumulated rich experience in the long term coal mining and have also paid a heavy price-taking the lives of thousands of miners. Between gain and loss, people gradually found a balance point, that is, "coal god" worship, and the corresponding worship activities and sacrificial activities. As the highest god of Taoism, Taichang Laojun has a high reputation, a large generation and a high status, which is conducive to the promotion of the reputation and status of the coal industry, and the strong mannerism of "Taichang Laojun", which can better protect the safety of practitioners. With the banner of "Taishang Laojun", it can produce appeal and cohesion, as well as deterrent power, and it is easy to unite and restrain colleagues. In addition, Taoism, as an institutionalized religion, has strong influence and penetration on folk beliefs. For these reasons, the miners of Zuo Quan in Shanxi regard the "Taichang Laojun" as the god of the coal kiln, and call it the "Lord of the Lord". Religion is one of the subsystems of social system, folk belief is an important part of Chinese religion, it is also an integral part of Chinese spiritual life, and worship of God in coal kiln is the concrete manifestation of folk belief. Therefore, the worship of God in coal mines is also a subsystem in the social structure of coal-producing areas. By analogy, the worship of "Lord of the Lord" is a social subsystem in Zuoquan County, Shanxi Province. It has its unique social functions, including explanation function, psychological comfort function, social integration function, social control function and so on.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：B933

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前2條

1 劉雅娟;山西大同礦區(qū)煤神信仰研究[D];山西大學;2012年

2 張菁;《說文解字》中與祭祀文化相關(guān)的漢字研究[D];山西大學;2013年

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本文編號：2096322