先秦秦漢舜帝形象演變研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-21 10:34
【摘要】：舜帝是我國傳說時代向文明時代過渡時期的重要人物,在古代歷史上具有重要地位。但因舜帝本身具有傳說色彩,故論文重點不是討論舜帝及其故事的真實性,而是根據(jù)傳世文獻(xiàn)對先秦秦漢時期文獻(xiàn)記載的舜帝形象及其演變過程進(jìn)行分析。先秦時期有關(guān)舜帝的記載主要集中于《尚書》、諸子論著及《竹書紀(jì)年》等古籍�！渡袝纷鳛樽钤缬涊d舜帝事跡的典籍之一,其中主要塑造了舜的“鰥夫”形象以及重點刻畫的有作為的帝王形象。但到了春秋戰(zhàn)國時期,思想上呈現(xiàn)“百家爭鳴”之勢,舜帝形象也隨著諸子的發(fā)揮變得多樣化,如圣人形象、孝子形象、兼愛非攻形象、明法度的帝王等等。古本《竹書紀(jì)年》中的暴力帝王形象,使得舜帝形象更加復(fù)雜。由此我們可看出先秦時期舜帝形象呈現(xiàn)由單一到多元的演變趨勢。秦漢時期古籍中的舜帝形象呈多元到統(tǒng)一的演變趨勢�！秴问洗呵铩穼λ吹鄢职龘P態(tài)度,塑造舜為賢主形象;秦始皇對舜帝持蔑視態(tài)度;漢初統(tǒng)治集團(tuán)為贏得百姓對政權(quán)的擁護(hù),推崇舜帝,以德治國。舜帝形象在歷史發(fā)展中不斷演變,從春秋戰(zhàn)國到漢代由單一到逐漸豐富,定型于司馬遷的《史記·五帝本紀(jì)》。《史記》中,舜帝形象開始從多元走向統(tǒng)一,其內(nèi)容則由春秋戰(zhàn)國時期的片面單一變得真實豐滿。《史記》中塑造的舜為賢明帝王,其成長軌跡清晰明了、真實可信,但同時也受到了當(dāng)時天命觀思想與儒家思想的影響。西漢之后的《漢書》、《后漢書》等典籍中舜的圣賢帝王形象得到強(qiáng)化。先秦秦漢舜帝形象演變的原因是多方面的。先秦時期舜帝形象演變原因主要是,《尚書》作為政史論集塑造了虞舜有作為的帝王形象,但后因諸子引舜帝為例發(fā)揚自家學(xué)說而導(dǎo)致舜帝形象的多樣化。秦漢時期舜帝形象趨于統(tǒng)一與政治上的大一統(tǒng)之勢分不開,西漢以后舜的賢明帝王形象更加突出與強(qiáng)化。舜帝形象演變與統(tǒng)一有著深遠(yuǎn)的歷史文化意義,舜帝精神文化可以說是中華道德文化的主源之一,仁孝、勤政、德治等對于我們今天建設(shè)和諧社會具有重要的影響。同時,舜帝的德治行為成為后世的榜樣,且舜帝德化三苗是將三苗納入整個中國范圍之內(nèi),促進(jìn)了大一統(tǒng)國家意識的形成與發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Emperor Shun is an important figure in the transition period from legend age to civilization age in our country, and plays an important role in ancient history. However, because of the legend of Shun itself, the focus of the thesis is not to discuss the authenticity of Shun Emperor and his story, but to analyze the image and evolution of Shun Emperor recorded in the documents of Qin and Han dynasties in pre-Qin and Han dynasties. The records of Emperor Shun in the pre-Qin period were mainly concentrated in the ancient books such as Shang Shu, the works of various Scholars and the Chronicle of Bamboo Book. As one of the earliest records of the story of Shun Emperor, Shangshu was one of the earliest books to record the deeds of Emperor Shun. It mainly portrays Shun's widower image as well as the important image of emperor. However, in the Spring and Autumn period and the warring States period, there was a tendency of "a hundred schools of thought to contend" in thought, and the image of Shun Emperor became diversified with the development of various schools of thought, such as the image of a saint, the image of filial piety, the love of the image of non-aggression, the emperors of Ming Dharma, and so on. The violent image of Emperor Shun in the Ancient Book of Bamboo makes the image of Emperor Shun more complicated. From this we can see that the image of Emperor Shun in the pre-Qin period presents a single to pluralistic evolution trend. The image of Emperor Shun in the ancient books of Qin and Han dynasties showed a trend of diversity to unity. < Lu's Spring and Autumn period > praised Shun and shaped Shun as the image of virtuous master, Qin Shihuang showed contempt for Shun and Emperor Shun. In the early Han Dynasty, the ruling group respected Shun Emperor and ruled the country by virtue in order to win the support of the people to the regime. The image of Shun Emperor continued to evolve in the historical development, from the Spring and Autumn warring States to the Han Dynasty from a single to gradually rich, shaped in Si Maqian's "Historical Records of the five Emperors". In the Records of History, the image of Shun Emperor began to change from pluralism to unity. Its content changed from one-sided and single in the Spring and Autumn period to the warring States period. Shun was a virtuous emperor in the Records of History, whose growth track was clear and authentic, but it was also influenced by the thought of destiny and Confucianism at that time. The image of Shun's saints and emperors in classical books, such as Han Book and Post Han Book after the Western Han Dynasty, was strengthened. There are many reasons for the evolution of the image of Emperor Shun in the pre-Qin and Han dynasties. The reason for the evolution of Shun Emperor's image in the pre-Qin period was that Shangshu, as a collection of political and historical theories, shaped Yu and Shun's image of emperor Shun and Shun, but later led to the diversification of the image of Shun Emperor by introducing Emperor Shun as an example to carry forward his own theory. In the Qin and Han dynasties, the image of Shun Emperor tended to be unified from the political unity. After the Western Han Dynasty, the image of the virtuous emperor was more prominent and strengthened. The evolution and unification of the image of Shun Emperor has far-reaching historical and cultural significance. The spiritual culture of Shun Emperor can be said to be one of the main sources of Chinese moral culture. Filial piety, diligence and rule by virtue have an important influence on the construction of a harmonious society today. At the same time, Shun Emperor's behavior of ruling by virtue has become an example of later generations, and the three seedlings of Shundi's demeanor have been brought into the whole scope of China, which has promoted the formation and development of the national consciousness of the great unity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K22
本文編號：2444857
[Abstract]:Emperor Shun is an important figure in the transition period from legend age to civilization age in our country, and plays an important role in ancient history. However, because of the legend of Shun itself, the focus of the thesis is not to discuss the authenticity of Shun Emperor and his story, but to analyze the image and evolution of Shun Emperor recorded in the documents of Qin and Han dynasties in pre-Qin and Han dynasties. The records of Emperor Shun in the pre-Qin period were mainly concentrated in the ancient books such as Shang Shu, the works of various Scholars and the Chronicle of Bamboo Book. As one of the earliest records of the story of Shun Emperor, Shangshu was one of the earliest books to record the deeds of Emperor Shun. It mainly portrays Shun's widower image as well as the important image of emperor. However, in the Spring and Autumn period and the warring States period, there was a tendency of "a hundred schools of thought to contend" in thought, and the image of Shun Emperor became diversified with the development of various schools of thought, such as the image of a saint, the image of filial piety, the love of the image of non-aggression, the emperors of Ming Dharma, and so on. The violent image of Emperor Shun in the Ancient Book of Bamboo makes the image of Emperor Shun more complicated. From this we can see that the image of Emperor Shun in the pre-Qin period presents a single to pluralistic evolution trend. The image of Emperor Shun in the ancient books of Qin and Han dynasties showed a trend of diversity to unity. < Lu's Spring and Autumn period > praised Shun and shaped Shun as the image of virtuous master, Qin Shihuang showed contempt for Shun and Emperor Shun. In the early Han Dynasty, the ruling group respected Shun Emperor and ruled the country by virtue in order to win the support of the people to the regime. The image of Shun Emperor continued to evolve in the historical development, from the Spring and Autumn warring States to the Han Dynasty from a single to gradually rich, shaped in Si Maqian's "Historical Records of the five Emperors". In the Records of History, the image of Shun Emperor began to change from pluralism to unity. Its content changed from one-sided and single in the Spring and Autumn period to the warring States period. Shun was a virtuous emperor in the Records of History, whose growth track was clear and authentic, but it was also influenced by the thought of destiny and Confucianism at that time. The image of Shun's saints and emperors in classical books, such as Han Book and Post Han Book after the Western Han Dynasty, was strengthened. There are many reasons for the evolution of the image of Emperor Shun in the pre-Qin and Han dynasties. The reason for the evolution of Shun Emperor's image in the pre-Qin period was that Shangshu, as a collection of political and historical theories, shaped Yu and Shun's image of emperor Shun and Shun, but later led to the diversification of the image of Shun Emperor by introducing Emperor Shun as an example to carry forward his own theory. In the Qin and Han dynasties, the image of Shun Emperor tended to be unified from the political unity. After the Western Han Dynasty, the image of the virtuous emperor was more prominent and strengthened. The evolution and unification of the image of Shun Emperor has far-reaching historical and cultural significance. The spiritual culture of Shun Emperor can be said to be one of the main sources of Chinese moral culture. Filial piety, diligence and rule by virtue have an important influence on the construction of a harmonious society today. At the same time, Shun Emperor's behavior of ruling by virtue has become an example of later generations, and the three seedlings of Shundi's demeanor have been brought into the whole scope of China, which has promoted the formation and development of the national consciousness of the great unity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K22
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