明清時期鄭州地區(qū)水環(huán)境變遷研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-18 17:27
【摘要】： 明清時期,鄭州地區(qū)的水環(huán)境與今日相比,其河流眾多,且流量豐富,溝渠縱橫。由于人為因素與自然因素的影響,一些河流的流路發(fā)生了變遷,代表性的有黃河南移、汴河消亡、賈魯河西移。黃河的頻繁決口與泛濫是這些河流變遷的直接原因。 明清時期,鄭州地區(qū)的賈魯河、洛河等河流都可行船,足見當時河水流量的巨大。當時,鄭州地區(qū)水旱災害頻發(fā)。水旱災害的發(fā)生具有時間、地域分異的共同特征,也具有各自的特點。水災多發(fā)在降水集中的夏秋季節(jié),且平原區(qū)多于山地丘陵區(qū)；旱災則多發(fā)生在冬春和初夏,同樣是平原區(qū)多于山地丘陵區(qū)。特大旱災的發(fā)生還具有近似22年的周期特點,與太陽黑子活動的爆發(fā)具有相同的周期。 明清時期鄭州地區(qū)人水關(guān)系主要表現(xiàn)在人們抗御水災,當時尚不存在水資源短缺的矛盾。人水關(guān)系的和諧就在于興水利,除水害。通過開挖溝渠、修筑堤防的方式來改變周圍不利的水環(huán)境,被證明是行之有效的方法。開挖溝渠既收灌溉之利,又能分殺水勢,緩解水患的危害。
[Abstract]:During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the water environment of Zhengzhou area compared with today, its rivers are numerous, the discharge is abundant, the ditch is vertical and horizontal. Due to the influence of human factors and natural factors, the flow paths of some rivers have changed, such as the southward movement of the Yellow River, the demise of the Bianhe River and the westward migration of the Jaru River. The frequent crevasse and flooding of the Yellow River are the direct causes of these river vicissitude. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the rivers of Zhengzhou, such as the Jaru River and the Luohe River, were able to sail, which showed the huge discharge of the river at that time. At that time, Zhengzhou area flood and drought disasters occurred frequently. The occurrence of flood and drought disasters has the common characteristics of time and regional differentiation, and also has their own characteristics. Most floods occurred in the summer and autumn seasons with concentrated precipitation, and more in the plain than in the hilly areas, while drought occurred mostly in winter, spring and early summer, and it was also more in the plain than in the hilly areas. The occurrence of severe drought also has the characteristics of 22 years' cycle, which is the same as that of sunspot activity. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the relationship between people and water in Zhengzhou area was mainly manifested in people resisting floods, but there was no contradiction of water resources shortage at that time. The harmony between man and water lies in developing water conservancy and eliminating water damage. It is proved to be an effective method to change the unfavorable water environment by digging ditches and building dikes. Digging ditches not only benefits from irrigation, but also reduces the harm of flood.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K248
本文編號：2386222
[Abstract]:During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the water environment of Zhengzhou area compared with today, its rivers are numerous, the discharge is abundant, the ditch is vertical and horizontal. Due to the influence of human factors and natural factors, the flow paths of some rivers have changed, such as the southward movement of the Yellow River, the demise of the Bianhe River and the westward migration of the Jaru River. The frequent crevasse and flooding of the Yellow River are the direct causes of these river vicissitude. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the rivers of Zhengzhou, such as the Jaru River and the Luohe River, were able to sail, which showed the huge discharge of the river at that time. At that time, Zhengzhou area flood and drought disasters occurred frequently. The occurrence of flood and drought disasters has the common characteristics of time and regional differentiation, and also has their own characteristics. Most floods occurred in the summer and autumn seasons with concentrated precipitation, and more in the plain than in the hilly areas, while drought occurred mostly in winter, spring and early summer, and it was also more in the plain than in the hilly areas. The occurrence of severe drought also has the characteristics of 22 years' cycle, which is the same as that of sunspot activity. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the relationship between people and water in Zhengzhou area was mainly manifested in people resisting floods, but there was no contradiction of water resources shortage at that time. The harmony between man and water lies in developing water conservancy and eliminating water damage. It is proved to be an effective method to change the unfavorable water environment by digging ditches and building dikes. Digging ditches not only benefits from irrigation, but also reduces the harm of flood.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K248
【引證文獻】
相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前1條
1 甘海根;明代江西的水災及應對機制研究[D];江西師范大學;2012年
，本文編號：2386222
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/shekelunwen/zgtslw/2386222.html
