本文選題：戍邊制度 + 北樞密院　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：遼朝作為由北方游牧民族建立的民族政權(quán)，疆域遼闊，地理環(huán)境復(fù)雜。民族內(nèi)涵和轄區(qū)布局兩大因素，成為制定遼朝軍國大政的一個重要出發(fā)點。1為確保邊疆穩(wěn)定，遼朝歷任統(tǒng)治者設(shè)置了權(quán)責(zé)分明的戍邊管理機(jī)構(gòu)，采取了設(shè)官置署、屯戍重兵、建立邊防城、分類編戶等多種行之有效的戍邊措施，建立了一套比較成熟的戍邊制度，維護(hù)了遼政權(quán)邊境安全與社會穩(wěn)定。對戍邊制度進(jìn)行探討將有助于深化對遼代邊防的研究。 在戍邊機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置方面。按照從中央與地方的一般劃分進(jìn)行簡單論述。又因契丹官分南北，北面官主管部族屬國之政及包括戍邊在內(nèi)的國家重要事務(wù)，南面戍邊機(jī)構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)遼朝控制下漢人地區(qū)的兵馬軍事事務(wù)。遼朝地方戍邊管轄機(jī)構(gòu)也分南北，但因疆域遼闊，部族眾多，難免出現(xiàn)重疊現(xiàn)象。這些機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)置保證遼朝戍邊制度能夠完整順利的執(zhí)行，對遼朝戍邊起到關(guān)鍵作用。 在具體的戍邊執(zhí)行方式方面。遼朝采取傳統(tǒng)的軍事戍邊，對內(nèi)鎮(zhèn)壓直接威脅朝廷統(tǒng)治的民眾造反，穩(wěn)定統(tǒng)治秩序；對外則備御鄰邦犯境。還建立諸多邊防城堡，分兵屯戍，聚集居民，互相策應(yīng)聲援，聯(lián)防攻守，加強(qiáng)戍邊防御力量。另外采用移民及軍屯方法，發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)和建設(shè)邊疆，是維護(hù)遼朝邊疆社會穩(wěn)定的有力措施。除以上幾種措施外，遼朝還用分而治之、以夷制夷等多種手段來分化瓦解敵對勢力，以鞏固遼朝邊防。 遼朝戍邊制度具有靈活性、戍邊成員多源性、二元性、世選制等特點，明顯受到自身民族傳統(tǒng)與中原王朝先進(jìn)戍邊經(jīng)驗的影響，既蘊(yùn)含中原帝制文明特點又糅合草原游牧民族特征。 從我國統(tǒng)一多民族國家與整個歷史發(fā)展的關(guān)系看，遼朝戍邊制度的制定及其執(zhí)行，，不僅進(jìn)一步縮小了遼朝境內(nèi)各地區(qū)各族之間的差別，密切了各地區(qū)各民族之間的聯(lián)系，而且擴(kuò)大和加強(qiáng)了整個國家與其他政權(quán)間關(guān)系，強(qiáng)化了邊疆各族對于遼朝腹地的內(nèi)聚功能，為后來相繼出現(xiàn)的金、元、清三朝提供了借鑒，從而為我國中華民族多元一體化進(jìn)程作出了突出貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:Liao Dynasty, as a national regime established by nomadic people in the north, had a vast territory and complicated geographical environment. The national connotation and the layout of the jurisdiction became an important starting point for the formulation of the great policies of the armed forces of the Liao Dynasty. In order to ensure the stability of the border areas, successive rulers of the Liao Dynasty set up administrative organs with distinct powers and responsibilities to defend the borders, and adopted the establishment of official offices and garrisons of heavy troops. The establishment of border defense cities, classified households and other effective border defense measures, has established a more mature border defense system, to maintain the Liao regime border security and social stability. Probing into the system of frontier defense will be helpful to deepen the study of frontier defense in Liao Dynasty. The establishment of garrison agencies. According to the general division of the central and local areas to carry out a simple discussion. Since Qidan officials were divided into north and south, northern officials were in charge of the administration of tribal states and important state affairs, including guarding the border, and the southern garrison agencies were responsible for the military affairs of Han nationality areas under the control of the Liao Dynasty. The Liao Dynasty local garrison jurisdiction also divides north and south, but because of the vast territory, the tribe numerous, inevitably appears overlapping phenomenon. The establishment of these institutions ensures the complete and smooth implementation of the frontier defense system in the Liao Dynasty, and plays a key role in defending the border in the Liao Dynasty. In the specific garrison side of the implementation of the way. The Liao Dynasty adopted the traditional military garrison to suppress the people revolt which directly threatened the court rule and to stabilize the ruling order. They also set up a number of frontier forts, garrisoned by garrisons, gathered residents, coordinated with each other, attacked and defended, and strengthened the garrisons. In addition, it is a powerful measure to maintain the social stability of the Liao Dynasty frontier area by using the method of emigration and military tun, developing economy and building the frontier area. In addition to the above measures, the Liao Dynasty also used divide and rule, razing and other means to break up the hostile forces, to consolidate the Liao Dynasty border defense. The system of defending the borders of the Liao Dynasty has the characteristics of flexibility, multi-resources, duality, and the system of world election, which is obviously influenced by its own national tradition and the advanced experience of defending the borders of the Central Plains Dynasty. It not only contains the characteristics of imperial civilization in the Central Plains, but also mixes the characteristics of nomadic grassland. From the perspective of the relationship between the unity of our country's multi-ethnic state and the development of the whole history, the formulation and implementation of the system of guarding the borders of the Liao Dynasty has not only further narrowed the differences among the various ethnic groups in the various regions of the Liao Dynasty, but also strengthened the ties between the nationalities in the various regions. Moreover, it expanded and strengthened the relations between the whole state and other political regimes, strengthened the cohesion function of all nationalities in the border areas to the hinterland of the Liao Dynasty, and provided reference for the subsequent Jin, Yuan, Qing and three dynasties, which appeared one after another. Thus has made the outstanding contribution for our country Chinese nation multivariate integration process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D633;K246.1

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