本文選題：農(nóng)業(yè)開發(fā) + 開發(fā)性質(zhì)��； 參考：《西域研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：通過對近三十年來清代新疆農(nóng)業(yè)開發(fā)研究成果的簡要回顧,發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)界在開發(fā)經(jīng)營的性質(zhì)和形式、政策和路徑選擇、糧食供給狀況、賦稅和獎懲制度、農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境的利用和技術(shù)選擇等五個方面的研究中仍然存在一些問題和不足。在農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營的性質(zhì)和形式方面,根據(jù)經(jīng)營主體的不同可以將這一時期的屯墾活動劃分為三種類型:國家農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營行為、民人自食其力的經(jīng)營行為和以營利為目的的商品性農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營行為;農(nóng)業(yè)開發(fā)的政策和路徑選擇方面,應(yīng)當(dāng)注重清中期新疆農(nóng)業(yè)開發(fā)遇到的困境和圍繞這一困境進(jìn)行的政策調(diào)整的研究;糧食供給狀況的研究應(yīng)當(dāng)充分考慮農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力狀況、耕地面積、農(nóng)業(yè)人口數(shù)量、賦稅、播種量、糧食流通等方面的因素;賦稅和獎懲制度方面,應(yīng)當(dāng)注重各時期政策的調(diào)整和演變;農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境的利用和技術(shù)選擇方面,應(yīng)當(dāng)更多關(guān)注對不同生活方式的人群,以及土壤類型、無霜期、海拔等自然因素的考察。
[Abstract]:Through a brief review of the research results of agricultural development in Xinjiang in the past 30 years, it is found that the nature and form of development and management, policy and path choice, grain supply situation, taxation, reward and punishment system, etc. There are still some problems and shortcomings in the five aspects of agricultural environment utilization and technology selection. In terms of the nature and form of agricultural management, according to the different management subjects, the reclamation activities in this period can be divided into three types: national agricultural management behavior, People's self-supporting business behavior and commercial agricultural business behavior for profit; the policy and path choice of agricultural development, We should pay attention to the difficulties encountered in the agricultural development of Xinjiang in the middle of Qing Dynasty and the policy adjustment around this dilemma, and the research on the situation of grain supply should take full account of the situation of agricultural productivity, the area of cultivated land, the number of agricultural population, and taxation. Factors such as seeding quantity, grain circulation, taxation, rewards and punishment systems should pay more attention to the adjustment and evolution of policies in various periods, and more attention should be paid to people with different lifestyles in the utilization of the agricultural environment and the choice of technology. And soil types, frost-free period, altitude and other natural factors.
【作者單位】： 南開大學(xué)歷史學(xué)院;
【基金】：教育部哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)研究重大課題攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目“中華農(nóng)業(yè)文明通史”(項(xiàng)目編號:13JZD036)成果之一 南開大學(xué)博士研究生科研創(chuàng)新基金資助
【分類號】：K249
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本文編號：1818062