發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-27 17:21

  本文選題：魏晉南朝 + 草詔制令　； 參考：《青海師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：魏晉南朝是中國(guó)古代政治制度發(fā)展過程中承前啟后的時(shí)代,其中草詔制令制度的變化從一個(gè)側(cè)面反映了中國(guó)政治制度變化的趨勢(shì)——皇權(quán)的逐步集中和相權(quán)的逐步縮小。草詔制令權(quán)是封建皇權(quán)中的一項(xiàng)核心權(quán)力,草擬皇帝命令的機(jī)構(gòu)也就自然成為炙手可熱、權(quán)傾一時(shí)的機(jī)構(gòu)。當(dāng)這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)權(quán)力過大時(shí),皇帝選用近侍小臣來分割這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)的權(quán)力甚至代替這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)。周而復(fù)始,遂形成了中國(guó)古代草詔制令制度的發(fā)展演變,最后形成了尚書省、中書省、門下省相互制衡的“三省”制度。草詔制令作為一項(xiàng)極重的權(quán)力,一般由皇帝親信的人員來完成,所以草詔制令權(quán)的歸屬可以反映出這個(gè)部門在當(dāng)時(shí)的地位。魏晉時(shí)期草詔制令的職責(zé)由尚書省向中書省轉(zhuǎn)化,尚書省向單一的行政職能轉(zhuǎn)化。在中書省內(nèi)部,最先由中書監(jiān)、令草擬詔令,后由中書侍郎、中書舍人草擬。曹魏時(shí)期,為削弱尚書臺(tái)的“出納帝命”之權(quán),中書省興起,成為總攬中央機(jī)要的部門,尚書臺(tái)轉(zhuǎn)化為政府機(jī)構(gòu),僅起執(zhí)行作用。晉時(shí)又設(shè)“門下省”,以侍中和黃門侍郎為長(zhǎng)官,專職“審署奏抄,駁正違失”,成為中央政令的審查機(jī)關(guān)。門下省實(shí)際上分割了中書省的部分權(quán)力。經(jīng)過南北朝到隋和唐初,發(fā)展成為中書、門下、尚書三個(gè)相互配合又相互制約的機(jī)構(gòu),其中以中書、門下承擔(dān)中央的主要機(jī)要工作。
[Abstract]:The Wei, Jin and Southern dynasties were the times of the development of the ancient Chinese political system, in which the change of the order system reflected the trend of the change of the Chinese political system-the gradual concentration of imperial power and the gradual reduction of the power of the emperor. As a core power in feudal imperial power, the organization that drafted the imperial order naturally became a hot institution. When the power of the institution was too great, the emperor chose courtiers to divide the authority of the institution and even to replace it. At the beginning of the cycle, it formed the development and evolution of the order system in ancient China, and finally formed the "three provinces" system of checks and balances between the three provinces. As a very heavy power, the order was usually completed by the emperor's trusted personnel, so the attribution of the order could reflect the status of the department at that time. In the Wei and Jin dynasties, the duties of the Chao-Chao system were transformed from the Shang Shu province to the middle book province, and the Shang Shu province to a single administrative function. In the province of Zhongshu, the first by the warden, ordered to draft Dahir, and then by the Chinese script Lang, Zhongshu Sherry drafted. In the period of Cao Wei, in order to weaken the power of "the Emperor of cashier", the province of Zhongshu rose and became the department that took charge of the central machine. Jin also set up a "province under the door," to serve and Huang Men Shi Lang as the officer, full-time "judicial bureau copy, refuting the loss," the central government order to become the censor. The province actually divided part of the power of the province. From the Southern and Northern dynasties to the Sui Dynasty and the early Tang Dynasty, they developed into three institutions which coordinated and restricted each other under the Chinese script and the Shang Shu, in which the central government was responsible for the main essentials of the central government.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K235

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