本文選題：省友 + 書(shū)吏�。� 參考：《清史研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：清代省友是州縣延聘、長(zhǎng)駐省城的辦事人員,負(fù)責(zé)州縣衙門(mén)在省級(jí)主管行政機(jī)構(gòu)藩司、臬司及督撫部院的相關(guān)事務(wù),諸如辦理州縣交代冊(cè)、領(lǐng)解錢(qián)糧、投文解犯、打探信息等。其中,關(guān)書(shū)、使費(fèi)與文冊(cè)是省友的受事之源,省友藉此請(qǐng)托司、院書(shū)吏援通辦理州縣省務(wù),甚至在使費(fèi)支付數(shù)目、錢(qián)糧領(lǐng)取與某些事務(wù)上有"擅專"的空間。然而,這種"擅專"并非毫無(wú)限制,省友與司、院書(shū)吏攜手操持州縣省事時(shí),書(shū)吏會(huì)根據(jù)上憲的執(zhí)政態(tài)度與關(guān)防嚴(yán)密程度而使相關(guān)事務(wù)在法律法規(guī)及各項(xiàng)省規(guī)所允許的范圍內(nèi)彈性延伸,省友在使費(fèi)支付與錢(qián)糧領(lǐng)解方面不同程度地受到州縣的牽制。省友與司、院書(shū)吏在利益驅(qū)動(dòng)下對(duì)州縣省務(wù)的不規(guī)范運(yùn)作,有促進(jìn)上下級(jí)行政機(jī)構(gòu)有效溝通、提高地方衙門(mén)行政效率
[Abstract]:In the Qing Dynasty, the provincial friends were hired by the prefectures and counties, who were permanently stationed in the provincial cities. They were responsible for the relevant affairs of the provincial administrative agencies, the departments of the provincial government, and the departments and departments of the state and county, such as handling the state and county accounts, receiving the money and grain, putting in documents and explaining the criminals, and inquiring about information, and so on. Among them, closing books, so that fees and documents are the source of the provincial friends, the provincial friends ask the Secretary, the hospital clerk to help handle state and county affairs, even in the amount of fees paid, money and grain and some of the affairs there is "special" space. However, this kind of "specialty" is not unlimited. When the provincial friends and departments, the court officials hand in hand in handling the provincial affairs of the state, county and county, According to the ruling attitude of the former Constitution and the strict degree of protection, the officials will make the related affairs extend flexibly within the scope permitted by the laws and regulations and the provincial rules and regulations, and the provincial friends will be restrained to varying degrees by the state and county in terms of the payment of fees and the understanding of the money and grain. The non-standard operation of the provincial affairs of the prefectures and counties driven by the interests of the provincial friends and departments has promoted the effective communication between the upper and lower administrative organs and improved the administrative efficiency of the local Yamen.
【作者單位】： 浙江師范大學(xué)人文學(xué)院歷史系環(huán)東海與邊疆研究院、江南文化研究中心;
【分類號(hào)】：K249

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