本文選題：清代　切入點：功牌　出處：《清史研究》2017年02期

【摘要】：清代功牌是政府頒發(fā)給有功人員的一種獎勵憑證。終清一代,功牌分為五等;嘉慶朝以前,功牌有普通的戰(zhàn)功功牌與越眾前驅、本旗前進、執(zhí)纛、水戰(zhàn)登舟等幾項特殊功牌之分;嘉慶朝以降,功牌等第品級化,功牌種類已無普通與特殊之別。不同時期,清代功牌式樣有所不同。清前期,功牌的授予對象為八旗有功官兵;清后期,功牌的授予已面向社會各界人士。清代功牌的頒賞權,經(jīng)歷了一個由中央下移到地方的轉變。在官兵及家屬撫恤、仕途升遷、差徭攤派、戶籍變更等方面,清廷給予得有功牌人員諸多優(yōu)待。
[Abstract]:The Qing Dynasty meritorious card is a kind of reward certificate issued by the government to the meritorious personnel. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the meritorious card is divided into five classes. Before the Jiaqing Dynasty, the meritorious card had a common combat merit card and a number of pioneers. In the Jiaqing Dynasty, there is no ordinary and special distinction between the types of the meritorious cards and those in the Jiaxing Dynasty. In different periods, the patterns of the meritorious cards in the Qing Dynasty are different. In the early Qing Dynasty, the award of the meritorious cards was made to the officers and soldiers of the eight banners. In the latter part of the Qing Dynasty, the award of meritorious cards was directed to people from all walks of life in the society. The award of merit cards in the Qing Dynasty went through a shift from the central government to the local level. In terms of pension for officers and soldiers and their families, promotion of official career, assessment of poor taxes, alteration of household registration, and so on, The Qing court gave a lot of preferential treatment to the meritorious personnel.
【作者單位】： 吉林大學文學院歷史系;
【分類號】：K249
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本文編號：1684373