本文選題：清前期　切入點(diǎn)：潮州　出處：《暨南大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 廣東省歷來是我國自然災(zāi)害的多發(fā)區(qū)和常發(fā)區(qū),也是重災(zāi)區(qū)。而潮州府大部分村縣集中在廣東沿海一帶,這里既是海洋災(zāi)害多發(fā)區(qū),也是地震活動(dòng)斷裂帶,三角洲平原區(qū)更是暴雨洪澇頻發(fā)區(qū)。不管是清代還是現(xiàn)代,無情的自然災(zāi)害對農(nóng)林漁仍占很大比例的潮州經(jīng)濟(jì)造成了極大的破壞,如何更好地抗災(zāi)救災(zāi)?以古為鑒,取其精華,是研究清代潮州府應(yīng)對自然災(zāi)害機(jī)制的目的。 本論文以各縣縣志、清實(shí)錄、文集等一手材料為基礎(chǔ),以前人研究為輔助,對水災(zāi)、旱災(zāi)、風(fēng)災(zāi)、地震、低溫等自然災(zāi)害進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì),歸納出這一時(shí)期潮州的自然災(zāi)害呈現(xiàn)出普遍性、連續(xù)性和特殊性等特點(diǎn)；災(zāi)害的發(fā)生固然有自然因素,但人類的活動(dòng),如戰(zhàn)火的肆虐、人口的速增、土地的開墾、吏治的腐敗都會(huì)加劇災(zāi)害的程度；緊接著著重論述了清前期社會(huì)預(yù)防災(zāi)害、應(yīng)對災(zāi)害的方法。由于清前期國力充盈,政治比較穩(wěn)定,清政府有足夠的能力和財(cái)力建倉儲(chǔ)、修水利,且制定了完善的報(bào)災(zāi)制度。災(zāi)害發(fā)生后,又采取蠲免、調(diào)粟等手段救助農(nóng)民。而巫術(shù)救荒則是當(dāng)時(shí)特有的產(chǎn)物。自然災(zāi)害不僅對潮州經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生了負(fù)面影響,同時(shí)對當(dāng)?shù)氐囊泼�、宗教和民性都有直接或間接的滲透。
[Abstract]:Guangdong Province has always been a frequently occurring and frequently occurring area of natural disasters in China, and it is also a major disaster area. Most of the villages and counties in Chaozhou Prefecture are concentrated in the coastal areas of Guangdong. This is not only a marine disaster prone area, but also a seismically active fault zone. No matter in Qing Dynasty or in modern times, the ruthless natural disasters have caused great damage to Chaozhou economy, which still accounts for a large proportion of agriculture, forestry and fishery. It is the purpose of studying the mechanism of Chaozhou government to deal with natural disasters in Qing Dynasty. This paper is based on county records, records of Qing Dynasty, collection of papers and other primary materials. Previous studies have been used as an aid to collect statistics on natural disasters such as floods, droughts, wind disasters, earthquakes, low temperatures, etc. It is concluded that the natural disasters in Chaozhou during this period showed the characteristics of universality, continuity and particularity. The occurrence of disasters certainly has natural factors, but human activities, such as the raging of war, the rapid increase of population and the reclamation of land, The corruption of officials will aggravate the degree of disaster. Then, the paper focuses on the methods of preventing disasters and coping with disasters in the pre-Qing society. Due to the abundant national strength and relatively stable politics in the early Qing Dynasty, the Qing government has sufficient ability and financial resources to build storage. Water conservancy was repaired, and a sound disaster reporting system was formulated. After the disaster occurred, it took measures to help farmers by means of jugular exemption and millet. But witchcraft and famine relief was a unique product of the time. Natural disasters not only had a negative impact on the economy of Chaozhou, but also had a negative impact on the economy of Chaozhou. At the same time, there is direct or indirect infiltration of local immigrants, religions and peoples.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：暨南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：X43-09;K249

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