本文選題：黑龍江將軍　切入點：群體　出處：《遼寧大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：黑龍江地區(qū)位于我國東北邊疆,幅員遼闊,地理位置獨特,自古便是戰(zhàn)略要地,其重要性不言而喻。清入關(guān)后,在東北地區(qū)設(shè)置了盛京將軍和吉林將軍�？滴醵�,為了抵御沙俄入侵,清廷正式設(shè)立了黑龍江將軍。至光緒三十三年黑龍江撤府建省為止,黑龍江將軍共存在了二百二十五年。清廷在這里先后實授、署理、護理將軍共107任,90位將軍。目前,學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)于黑龍江將軍的相關(guān)研究已經(jīng)取得了許多豐碩的成果。但研究熱點多集中在官制、衙門駐地的轉(zhuǎn)移和副都統(tǒng),對黑龍江將軍人物群體的針對性研究較為有限,對這個群體的實踐活動、成就及影響也鮮有論述。本文擬在以黑龍江將軍人物群體為研究對象,深入探討人物生平及任職期內(nèi)的貢獻(xiàn)作為,并加以總結(jié),對其作出客觀的評價。首先,本文簡要介紹了黑龍江將軍的設(shè)置及職責(zé)。包括黑龍江地區(qū)的人文與地理、黑龍江將軍設(shè)置的背景及過程,以及黑龍江將軍的各項職責(zé)。同時,詳細(xì)剖析了黑龍江將軍設(shè)置前清廷在東北所面臨的地區(qū)形勢和邊疆危機。其次,本文對黑龍江將軍群體進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)概述。主要從群體人數(shù)、出身背景、旗屬和任職時間四個方面進(jìn)行分析,加以對比。從出身背景中可以看出,黑龍江將軍多從武職官員中選拔。在旗屬分布上,以八旗滿洲為主,八旗蒙古和八旗漢軍為輔。清廷對于黑龍江將軍的選任,一定程度上體現(xiàn)了少數(shù)民族入主中原建立王朝特殊的統(tǒng)治特色,也體現(xiàn)了當(dāng)時的時代背景和統(tǒng)治者的用人風(fēng)格。再次,本文總結(jié)了黑龍江將軍群體的實踐活動。以轄區(qū)管理、發(fā)展經(jīng)濟、興辦教育以及踐行改革為切入點,結(jié)合具體實踐,進(jìn)行分析和歸納。此外,本文還對黑龍江將軍進(jìn)行了個案分析,選擇代表性人物,以任期內(nèi)的貢獻(xiàn)為依據(jù),剖析人物個性特點,結(jié)合史料,對人物進(jìn)行客觀全面的評析。最后,對黑龍江將軍群體進(jìn)行整體評價。本文認(rèn)為,在90位將軍數(shù)百年的經(jīng)營下,不僅維護了清廷東北邊疆的穩(wěn)定,還推動了黑龍江區(qū)域經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。但是,由于將軍群體數(shù)量龐雜且個人能力不一,對邊疆問題的認(rèn)識能力不足,限制和影響了黑龍江地區(qū)的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The Heilongjiang region is located in the northeast frontier of China, with a vast territory and unique geographical location. Since ancient times, it has been a strategic important place, and its importance is self-evident. After the entry of the Qing Dynasty, General Sheng Jing and General Jilin were set up in the Northeast region. Kangxi was 22 years old. In order to resist the Russian invasion, the Qing government formally established General Heilongjiang. Until Guang Xu withdrew his capital to establish the province in 33 years, the general of Heilongjiang existed for a total of 225 years. There are 107 nurses and 90 generals. At present, academic research on General Heilongjiang has made a lot of fruitful achievements. However, the research focus is mainly on the official system, the transfer of the Yamen residence and the subsidiary system. The pertinence research of Heilongjiang general character group is limited, and the practical activity, achievement and influence of this group are seldom discussed. This paper probes into the life of the characters and their contributions during their term of office, summarizes them and makes an objective evaluation of them. First of all, this paper briefly introduces the establishment and duties of the general in Heilongjiang, including the humanities and geography in Heilongjiang, The background and process of the establishment of General Heilongjiang, as well as the duties of General Heilongjiang. At the same time, the paper analyzes in detail the regional situation and border crisis faced by the Qing court in Northeast China before the establishment of General Heilongjiang. Secondly, This article has carried on the detailed summary to the Heilongjiang general group. Mainly carries on the analysis from the group number, the birth background, the flag family and the service time four aspects carries on the comparison, from the origin background can be seen, Heilongjiang generals are mostly selected from among military officers. In the distribution of banners, Manchuria is the main flag, while Mongolia and the Han army are supplemented by the eight banners. The Qing Dynasty chose the general in Heilongjiang. To a certain extent, it reflects the special ruling characteristics of the establishment of the dynasty by minority nationalities entering the Central Plains, and also reflects the background of the times and the personnel style of the rulers. Thirdly, this paper summarizes the practical activities of the general group in Heilongjiang. Developing economy, setting up education and practicing reform as the starting point, combined with concrete practice, analysis and induction. In addition, this article also carries on the case analysis to the Heilongjiang general, selects the representative figure, takes the contribution during the term of office as the basis, This paper analyzes the personality characteristics of the characters and makes an objective and comprehensive analysis of the characters in combination with historical data. Finally, it evaluates the general group in Heilongjiang as a whole. This paper holds that under the management of 90 generals for hundreds of years, It not only maintained the stability of the northeast frontier of Qing Dynasty, but also promoted the development of Heilongjiang regional economy. Restricted and affected the development of Heilongjiang region.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K249

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