本文選題：道治主義政治文化　切入點(diǎn)：自然主義　出處：《西北大學(xué)》2001年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 本文從政治文化這一新的角度，，探討以道家思想為核心的道治主義政治文化及其對中國 古代政治和社會的影響。文章用五章十一節(jié)的篇幅，分別從（一）道治主義政治文化視角、 （二）道治主義政治文化的內(nèi)容、（三）道治主義政治文化在漢初的政治實(shí)踐、（四）道治 主義政治文化在魏晉的政治實(shí)踐及（五）道治主義政治文化的影響及其反思等五個方面，初 步分析了道治主義政治文化及實(shí)踐的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及其演變過程，意在表明:道治主義政治文化是 中國古代政治文化史上與禮治、法治文化并列的一種基本的政治亞文化類型，在漢初和魏晉 的政治實(shí)踐中曾上升為政治的指導(dǎo)思想和社會的意識形態(tài)，對中國古代政治和社會產(chǎn)生了廣 泛而深刻的影響;其成功的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和失敗的教訓(xùn)，也有研究和討論的必要。 “政治文化”是當(dāng)代政治學(xué)研究的最新成就之一。它指的是對政治客體的情感、態(tài)度和 信仰的價值取向性模式，是政治體系的心理方面和政治角色的行為模式。政治文化包括經(jīng)常 而明顯地影響著政治發(fā)展的那些政治思想和世界觀等。司馬談、魏源等已接觸到了道家的政 治文化傾向問題。本文認(rèn)為道家及其信奉者是道治主義政治文化的主體，道家的自然主義是 他們的政治信仰。道治文化以“道法自然”為宗旨，以清靜自治為內(nèi)在機(jī)制，是中國古代比 較典型的民主、自由理念;它的“我無為而民自化”的民自治思想，是突出的民本主義。道治 文化的理想政治人格是圣人和真人，他們對政治權(quán)威有本能的疏離感，往往對政治權(quán)威取批 判和不合作的態(tài)度，而且相信治亂有道，有其世而后有其人。盡管他們既有游世又有化民的 抱負(fù)，但卻站在旁觀者的立場冷靜地旁觀著社會政治的發(fā)展。不過，這一政治態(tài)度一旦落實(shí) 在政治現(xiàn)實(shí)中，就會要么表現(xiàn)為莊子式的反權(quán)威精神，要么表現(xiàn)為黃老道家式的清靜無為和 政治決策的科學(xué)化。道治文化對社會政治抱著樸素的自治理想，企圖在“見素抱樸”的柔弱 環(huán)境中養(yǎng)成忠信淳樸的公序良俗，從而使人民在不知不覺中走向“小國寡民”的理想國。道 治文化的這些信念是在對禮治和法治文化的否定之中實(shí)現(xiàn)其社會化的。道治文化的進(jìn)一步發(fā) 展表現(xiàn)為一個世俗化過程，逐步探索著通向現(xiàn)實(shí)政治的道路。 ===================
[Abstract]:From the new angle of political culture, this paper discusses the political culture of Taoism with Taoism as the core and its influence on China. The influence of Ancient Politics and Society. The article is divided into five chapters and eleven sections, from the perspective of (1) the political culture of Taoism. (2) the content of Taoist political Culture (3) the political practice of Taoist political Culture in the early Han Dynasty. The political practice of the Doctrine political Culture in the Wei and Jin dynasties and (5) the influence and introspection of the Taoist political Culture. This paper analyzes the basic structure and evolution process of the political culture and practice of Taoism in order to show that the political culture of Taoism is. A basic type of political subculture in the history of ancient Chinese political culture, juxtaposed with the culture of rule of etiquette and rule of law, in the early Han Dynasty and in the Wei and Jin dynasties. The guiding ideology of politics and the ideology of society in china's political practice have produced a wide range in ancient Chinese politics and society. Extensive and profound influence; its successful experience and failure lessons, also need to be studied and discussed. "political culture" is one of the latest achievements in the study of contemporary politics. It refers to feelings, attitudes and attitudes towards political objects. The value-oriented model of belief is the psychological aspect of the political system and the behavioral model of the political role. Political culture includes frequent. And those political thoughts and world views that have obviously affected political development. Sima Tan, Wei Yuan and others have come into contact with Taoist politics. This paper holds that Taoism and its followers are the main body of the political culture of Taoism, and Taoist naturalism is. Their political belief. Taoism culture takes "Taoism nature" as its purpose and quiet and autonomy as its internal mechanism. It is a comparison in ancient China. A more typical idea of democracy and freedom, and its idea of "I do nothing and the people become self-governed", is a prominent people-oriented doctrine. The ideal political personality of culture is saints and real people. They have an instinctive sense of alienation from political authority, and often take criticism of political authority. The attitude of judgment and uncooperation, and the belief that there is a good way to govern chaos, and then there are people. Although they have both the world and the people, Aspiring, but from a bystander's point of view, watching the development of social politics calmly. However, once this political attitude is put into practice. In the political reality, either the anti-authority spirit of Zhuangzi or the quiet and inaction of Huanglao Taoism will be manifested in the political reality. The science of political decision. Taoism culture holds the simple ideal of autonomy to the society and politics, and attempts to be weak in "seeing the plain and keeping the simplicity" In the environment, we should cultivate honest and honest public order and good customs, so that the people will unconsciously move towards the idealism of "small country with less people". These beliefs of governing culture are to realize its socialization in the negation of the culture of rule of etiquette and rule by law. Further development of Taoism culture. The exhibition is a secularization process, gradually exploring the road to realistic politics. To make a fuss or a fuss, to make a fuss, to make a fuss, to make a fuss, to make a fuss.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2001
【分類號】：K207

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 康亞利;《韓非子》與秦漢政治文化建構(gòu)[D];鄭州大學(xué);2012年

本文編號：1593023