本文關(guān)鍵詞： 嘉道時期 皖北 自然災害 災荒 賑濟　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古大學》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 嘉道時期皖北各種自然災害發(fā)生頻繁,包括水災、旱災、蝗災、冰雹、風災、地震、瘟疫等,而且有時間長、頻次高、地域廣、災情重和多災并發(fā)等特點。這一時期皖北災害頻繁的原因包括自然因素和社會因素,除了氣候和地理環(huán)境等自然因素的影響,生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞、水利工程失修、漕運的負面影響、吏治腐敗等社會因素也對災荒的發(fā)生起了推波助瀾的作用,而黃河奪淮是最重要的影響因素。頻繁發(fā)生的災荒對當時的皖北社會造成了極為消極的影響。災荒使人們生命財產(chǎn)遭受巨大損失,嚴重破壞了皖北的社會經(jīng)濟,皖北民風也日益消極,社會矛盾不斷激化,成為捻軍起義的直接和基本原因之一。面對嚴重的災荒,政府和民間都采取了一系列措施對災區(qū)進行賑濟。政府在賑災中依然處于主導地位,但由于國力衰落、財政匱乏和吏治腐敗,賑災效果大打折扣,而民間救濟在災荒救濟中發(fā)揮了積極的作用。 災荒是影響皖北歷史發(fā)展進程的重要問題。清代嘉慶、道光時期皖北地區(qū)災害頻發(fā),對皖北經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展、政治的安定和社會的進步帶來了長久的負面影響,直到今天它依然困擾著皖北經(jīng)濟和社會的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,而且成為該地區(qū)長期貧困與落后的根源。因此,如何總結(jié)經(jīng)驗、把握規(guī)律、抗災減災、推動生產(chǎn)就成為擺在皖北人民面前的一個長期的重大課題。希望本文能就此提供一點有益的借鑒。
[Abstract]:In the Jia Dao period various frequent natural disasters, including floods, droughts, locusts, hail, storms, earthquakes, plagues, and a long time, high frequency, wide geographical characteristics, disaster and more complicated disaster. The reason why Anhui disasters frequently include natural factors and social factors, in addition to the impact of climate the geographical environment and other natural factors, the destruction of the ecological environment, water conservancy project, the negative influence of water transport, official corruption and other social factors also play an important role in the occurrence, while the Yellow River won the Huai is the most important factor. The frequent occurrence of famine caused a very negative impact on the northern Anhui the famine caused society. People's life and property suffered huge losses, serious damage to the northern Anhui economy, Anhui increasingly negative customs, social conflicts intensified, becoming one of the direct and basic reason of the Nien rebellion. In the face of serious famine, government and civil society have taken a series of measures to aid the disaster areas. The government is still in a dominant position in relief, but because of national decline, lack of financial and political corruption, disaster relief and civil relief effect, play a positive role in disaster relief.
Famine is an important issue affecting the development process in history. In the Qing Dynasty Jiaqing and Daoguang period in Northern Anhui disasters, the development of Anhui economy, brings negative effect lasting political stability and social progress, until today it is still beset with the coordinated development of economy and society, but also becomes the long-term poverty and backwardness of the region root. Therefore, how to sum up experience, grasp the law, disaster mitigation, promote the production has become a major issue in the long term in front of people. I hope it will provide some useful reference.

【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K249.3

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 嚴奇巖;;論嘉道時期我國的生態(tài)災變[J];農(nóng)業(yè)考古;2012年04期

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本文編號：1519455