【摘要】： 對汛是中法雙方在中越邊境沿線雙邊設(shè)立的邊境管理機(jī)構(gòu),是中法關(guān)系史和中國政治制度史上的一個重要問題,是近代中法有關(guān)中越邊界劃定的直接后果。中越邊界的對汛機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)立于清末,經(jīng)歷了民國時期的發(fā)展演變,見證了中法兩國關(guān)系的直接建立及清廷和民國政府對中國西南邊疆治理政策的調(diào)整。因此,對其進(jìn)行專題研究,有助于豐富中法關(guān)系史和近代中越關(guān)系史的內(nèi)容,在中國近代政治制度史和廣西地方史的研究方面具有重要價值。同時,對當(dāng)代東南亞區(qū)域性合作及北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)發(fā)展規(guī)劃的實(shí)施,促進(jìn)廣西與越南的邊境貿(mào)易具有重要的歷史借鑒和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文系統(tǒng)考察了廣西對汛機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置的背景、設(shè)置的過程及其職責(zé),民國時期廣西對汛機(jī)構(gòu)職能的演變、組織機(jī)構(gòu)的完善、在對外交涉和邊政建設(shè)中的作用。 在中法關(guān)系上:清末中越邊境雙邊對汛機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)置是因中法戰(zhàn)爭后邊境動蕩不安,威脅到法越當(dāng)局和清廷的統(tǒng)治,兩者在鎮(zhèn)壓中越兩國人民反抗這一問題上達(dá)成了共識,當(dāng)時中法對汛的交涉都是圍繞追捕所謂的“匪類”而起。另一方面因法方對中方存在敵視,且亡我之心不死,廣西對汛機(jī)構(gòu)駐扎邊疆,推進(jìn)邊疆建設(shè),客觀上捍衛(wèi)了國家領(lǐng)土主權(quán)的完整。民國時期由于中法關(guān)系的改善,中法雙邊對汛之間雖有沖突,但更多的是友好的對話、交流與合作,中越邊境廣西段相對安寧。因此,從雙邊對汛機(jī)構(gòu)的交涉看,中法關(guān)系經(jīng)歷了從清末的敵視到民國時期的緩和兩個階段。在邊政建設(shè)上:從廣西對汛機(jī)構(gòu)的職能看,清末的對汛機(jī)構(gòu)旨在軍事與外交。到了民國時期,除原有職責(zé)外,另具有司法權(quán)和行政權(quán)。廣西對汛機(jī)構(gòu)職能的轉(zhuǎn)變,表明廣西地方政府秉行南京中央政府之命,推行邊政建設(shè)取得了一定成果。新桂系統(tǒng)一廣西后,響應(yīng)國民政府“抗戰(zhàn)建國”的號召,大力整頓省政,提出“建設(shè)中國,復(fù)興中國”的口號,在廣西掀起邊疆建設(shè)的熱潮。廣西對汛督辦區(qū)從政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)與文化各方面推進(jìn)與內(nèi)地一體化的政策,從而促進(jìn)了對汛區(qū)的開發(fā)與建設(shè),捍衛(wèi)了邊疆,鞏固了國防,對全國乃至全世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭的勝利發(fā)揮了應(yīng)有的作用。 清末民國時期廣西對汛機(jī)構(gòu)承載了中法關(guān)系過渡到中越關(guān)系的歷程,兩者相互聯(lián)系,密不可分。民國時期,中法關(guān)系的改善,促進(jìn)了中法對汛構(gòu)之間的友好對話和交流,客觀上延續(xù)與加強(qiáng)了中越人民的傳統(tǒng)友誼,從而為共同摧毀法國的殖民主義奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:The flood season is a bilateral border management organization set up by China and France along the Sino-Vietnamese border, an important issue in the history of Sino-French relations and Chinese political system, and a direct consequence of the demarcation of Sino-Vietnamese border between China and France in modern times. The flood control institution on the border between China and Vietnam was established in the late Qing Dynasty and experienced the development and evolution of the period of the Republic of China. It witnessed the direct establishment of the relationship between China and France and the adjustment by the Qing court and the government of the Republic of China to the governance policy of the southwest frontier of China. Therefore, it is helpful to enrich the contents of the history of Sino-French relations and the history of modern Sino-Vietnamese relations, and is of great value in the study of modern Chinese political system history and the local history of Guangxi. At the same time, it is of great historical and practical significance to promote the border trade between Guangxi and Vietnam through the implementation of contemporary regional cooperation in Southeast Asia and the development plan of Beibu Gulf Economic Zone. This paper systematically examines the background, process and responsibilities of the establishment of Guangxi flood-control institutions, the evolution of Guangxi's functions of flood-control institutions during the Republic of China, the perfection of the organization, and its role in the negotiation of foreign affairs and the construction of border government. In relation to Sino-French relations: the establishment of bilateral flood agencies on the Sino-Vietnamese border at the end of the Qing Dynasty was due to the turbulent border after the Sino-French war, threatening the rule of the French and Vietnamese authorities and the Qing court, and both reached consensus on the issue of suppressing the resistance of the peoples of the two countries. At that time, the Sino-French negotiations about the flood all revolved around the pursuit of the so-called "gangsters." On the other hand, because the French side is hostile to the Chinese side and does not want to die, Guangxi flood control institutions stationed in the border areas, promote the construction of border areas, objectively defend the integrity of the state's territorial sovereignty. As a result of the improvement of Sino-French relations during the Republic of China, although there were conflicts between the two sides of the flood season, more friendly dialogue, exchanges and cooperation were found, and the Guangxi section of the Sino-Vietnamese border was relatively peaceful. Therefore, from the bilateral negotiations with flood agencies, Sino-French relations have experienced two stages, from hostility in the late Qing Dynasty to easing in the Republic of China. In the construction of border government: from the function of Guangxi flood control institution, the flood control institution of late Qing Dynasty aims at military affairs and diplomacy. In the period of the Republic of China, in addition to its original duties, it also had judicial and administrative powers. The transformation of the function of flood control organization in Guangxi shows that the local government of Guangxi has made some achievements in carrying out the construction of border administration in accordance with the order of the central government of Nanjing. In response to the call of the national government to "the Anti-Japanese War and the founding of the people's Republic of China", the new Guangxi system, vigorously rectifying the provincial government and putting forward the slogan of "building China, reviving China", set off an upsurge in the construction of border areas in Guangxi. Guangxi has promoted the policy of integration with the mainland from the political, economic and cultural aspects to the flood control area, thus promoting the development and construction of the flood area, defending the frontier and consolidating the national defense. It has played an important role in the victory of the anti-fascist war in the whole country and the whole world. During the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, Guangxi flood control institutions carried the course of the transition from Sino-French relations to Sino-Vietnamese relations, which were inextricably related to each other. During the period of the Republic of China, the improvement of Sino-French relations promoted the friendly dialogue and exchange between China and France to the flood structures, objectively continued and strengthened the traditional friendship between the Chinese and Vietnamese people, and thus laid the foundation for the common destruction of French colonialism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：K25;K29

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