【摘要】：長沙米市是在近代特定的社會歷史條件下形成的,它可遠(yuǎn)溯至宋,發(fā)展于明,形成于清,繁盛于民國。20世紀(jì)二三十代,長沙因為其不斷增加的稻米輸出,在全國糧食貿(mào)易中的地位日益突出,得以與無錫、蕪湖、九江并譽(yù),成為當(dāng)時廣為流傳的中國四大米市。 本文共分三部分。 第一部分概述了近代長沙米市的歷史成因。湖南近代稻米生產(chǎn)的重要地位及強(qiáng)大的稻米輸出能力是長沙米市形成的基礎(chǔ);長沙在交通、金融、人口和通訊等方面的經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)勢以及行政中心的政治優(yōu)勢是米市得以形成的有利條件。 第二部分主要是對近代長沙米市的歷史演變作一簡要梳理。長沙因為多種原因近代早期還不是湖南的中心米市,僅為一個以碓坊零售為主的內(nèi)銷型市場。隨著商路的轉(zhuǎn)移尤其是1904年的開埠,長沙的各種潛在優(yōu)勢充分發(fā)揮出來,米市因而發(fā)展迅速,外銷量逐年增加,到清末基本完成了向外銷型市場的轉(zhuǎn)變。民國以后,長沙米市的發(fā)展更為迅速,行業(yè)分工基本明確,外銷業(yè)務(wù)逐步擴(kuò)大,集聚功能日益顯著,歷經(jīng)兩次發(fā)展的“黃金時期”,躋身于中國四大米市之列�？箲�(zhàn)期間,長沙米市急劇衰落,到解放前夕,更是一蹶不振。 第三部分論述了近代長沙米市在全國糧食貿(mào)易和對于湖南及長沙地區(qū)的歷史地位和作用。作為中國四大米市之一,長沙米市促進(jìn)了全國稻米供需的地區(qū)平衡;與其他三大米市相比,其于外運量和輸出地方面也有自己的獨特地位。對于湖南和長沙而言,近代長沙米市的作用更為突出,它是近代湖南重要稅源——米捐的主要提供地,關(guān)系全省經(jīng)濟(jì)之榮枯;米市是近代長沙這座商貿(mào)城市最重要、最有特色的行業(yè)之一,關(guān)系整個長沙經(jīng)貿(mào)的繁榮盛衰,谷米一直也是長沙對外貿(mào)易的主要品種之一。
[Abstract]:The city of Changsha was formed under the specific social and historical conditions of modern times. It can be traced back to the Song Dynasty, developed Yu Ming, formed in the Qing Dynasty, and flourished in the 1920s and 30s of the Republic of China. Changsha, because of its increasing rice output, The status of grain trade in the country is increasingly prominent, and Wuxi, Wuhu, Jiujiang and reputation, become popular at that time China's four big rice cities. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part summarizes the historical causes of modern Changsha rice city. The important position of rice production in Hunan in modern times and its strong rice export ability are the foundation of the formation of Changsha rice city. The economic advantage of population and communication and the political advantage of administrative center are favorable conditions for the formation of rice market. The second part is a brief combing of the historical evolution of modern Changsha. Changsha, for many reasons, was not the central rice market of Hunan in the early modern times, but only a domestic market dominated by pestle-shop retailing. With the transfer of commercial roads, especially the opening of the port in 1904, various potential advantages of Changsha have been brought into full play. As a result, the rice market has developed rapidly, and the foreign sales volume has increased year by year. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, the transformation to the export market had basically been completed. After the Republic of China, Changsha rice city developed more rapidly, the industry division of labor was basically clear, the export business gradually expanded, the agglomeration function became more and more remarkable, after two "golden periods" of development, it was among the four big rice cities in China. During the War of Resistance against Japan, Changsha's rice market declined sharply, and on the eve of liberation, it collapsed. The third part discusses the historical position and function of modern Changsha rice city in national grain trade and Hunan and Changsha area. As one of the four big rice cities in China, Changsha rice city has promoted the regional balance of rice supply and demand in China, and has its own unique position in terms of external transportation volume and export area compared with the other three big rice cities. For Hunan and Changsha, the role of modern Changsha rice city is even more prominent, it is the main source of modern Hunan taxes-rice donations, related to the province's economic prosperity, rice city is the most important commercial city of modern Changsha. One of the most characteristic industries, related to the prosperity and decline of Changsha economy and trade, rice has been one of the main varieties of Changsha foreign trade.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：K29

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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本文編號：2154018