本文選題：中國民族史　切入點：田野調(diào)查　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2005年碩士論文

【摘要】：眾所周知,民族史是歷史研究的重要組成部分。中國自古以來就是多民族的國家,不同歷史時期生活在中國境內(nèi)及周邊的各民族,都對中國歷史與文化的發(fā)展做出過重大的貢獻(xiàn)。從很早的時期開始,中國的歷史著述就注重對境內(nèi)及周邊地區(qū)各有關(guān)民族活動的記載。在中國傳統(tǒng)的史籍中,甚至還出現(xiàn)了一大批類似于近代民族志之類的專門著作。然而,從總體上來看,傳統(tǒng)史籍有關(guān)中國境內(nèi)各民族活動的記述,大多失之簡略(漢族除外),不少內(nèi)容往往還帶有道聽途說的成份。特別是在儒家“內(nèi)諸夏而外夷狄”的思想影響下,傳統(tǒng)史家對周邊少數(shù)民族大多抱有很深的歧見。唐代的杜佑就認(rèn)為,“覆載之內(nèi),日月所臨,華夏居土中,生物受氣正。其人性和而才惠,其地產(chǎn)厚而類繁,所以誕生圣賢,繼施法教,隨時拯弊,因物利用。”至于華夏以外的其他各族,則“其地偏,其地梗,不生圣哲,莫革舊風(fēng),誥訓(xùn)之所不可,禮義之所不及。”在這種思想指導(dǎo)下,傳統(tǒng)史家對周邊有關(guān)民族的記述,很難談得上客觀或公正。 近代以來,在內(nèi)憂外患的刺激下,民族史的研究與撰述日益受到學(xué)界的重視。尤其是到了二十世紀(jì)二三十年代,隨著西方近代民族學(xué)、人類學(xué)和社會學(xué)等新興學(xué)科理論與方法的傳入,一大批學(xué)者開始從事于民族史的研究工作。王國維、梁啟超倡之于前,李濟(jì)、王桐齡、呂思勉、林惠祥等人繼之于后。一時間,中國史學(xué)界推出了一大批具有近代學(xué)術(shù)范式意義的民族史論著。這些論著以近代的民族學(xué)理論為基礎(chǔ),一掃傳統(tǒng)正史中“四夷傳”的格局,以全新的視野和全新的方法,較為系統(tǒng)地重寫了不同歷史時期中國境內(nèi)及其周邊地區(qū)的民族史。揭示了中國境內(nèi)各主要民族的發(fā)展態(tài)勢以及民族文化融合的常規(guī)。正是在他們的努力之下,一個具有豐富內(nèi)容和完整體系的新興學(xué)科——中國民族史,就此宣告成立。 本文即以二十世紀(jì)二三十年代問世的中國民族史研究論著為考察中心,從史學(xué)史的角度,對這一時期中國民族史研究興起的學(xué)術(shù)背景、發(fā)展過程、各家各派的理論建樹、學(xué)術(shù)成就及其特點等,加以討論。全文共分為三個部分: 第一部分為“中國民族史研究的興起與發(fā)展”,該部分結(jié)合對中國民族史研究興起的學(xué)術(shù)背景和發(fā)展過程的討論,力圖從總體上勾勒出這一時期中國民族史研究的發(fā)展進(jìn)程和整體情況。
[Abstract]:As we all know, national history is an important part of historical research.China has been a multi-ethnic country since ancient times. The nationalities living in and around China in different historical periods have made great contributions to the development of Chinese history and culture.Since early times, Chinese historical writings have focused on the records of ethnic activities in and around China.In the traditional Chinese history books, even a large number of modern ethnography such as the emergence of specialized works.However, on the whole, the traditional historical records about the activities of various nationalities in China are mostly brief (except Han nationality, many of which are often accompanied by hearsay).Especially under the influence of Confucianism, traditional historians hold deep differences about the surrounding minorities.Du you of the Tang Dynasty believed that, "within the overburden, the sun and the moon, the Huaxia in the soil, the life is Qi."Its human nature and only benefit, its property is thick and numerous, so the birth of sages, followed by the teaching, at any time to save the fraud, because of the use of material. "As for other ethnic groups outside of China, "its land deviation, its stem, does not give birth to saints, Mo GE old wind, the instructions can not be, more than the courtesy of justice."Under the guidance of this thought, it is difficult for traditional historians to describe the surrounding nationalities objectively or justly.Since modern times, under the stimulation of internal and external troubles, the research and writing of national history has been paid more and more attention by scholars.Especially in the twenties and thirties of the 20th century, with the introduction of theories and methods of modern western ethnology, anthropology and sociology, a large number of scholars began to engage in the research of national history.Wang Guowei, Liang Qichao advocated before, Li Ji, Wang Tongling, Lu Simian, Lin Huixiang and others were followed.At one time, Chinese historiography produced a large number of national history works with modern academic paradigm significance.Based on modern ethnological theory, these works sweep the pattern of "four Yi Zhuan" in the traditional official history, and rewrite the national history of China and its surrounding areas in different historical periods systematically with a new vision and new methods.It reveals the development situation of the major nationalities and the convention of cultural integration in China.It was under their efforts that a new discipline with rich content and complete system, the history of Chinese nationality, was established.Based on the study of Chinese national history published in the twenties and thirties of the 20th century, this paper focuses on the academic background, the process of development, and the theories of various parties in this period from the perspective of the history of historiography.Academic achievements and their characteristics are discussed.The full text is divided into three parts:The first part is "the rise and development of the study of Chinese national history", which combines the discussion of the academic background and development process of the rise of the study of Chinese national history.This paper tries to outline the development process and overall situation of the study of Chinese national history in this period.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：K28

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 王文光;段紅云;;民國時期的中國民族史研究及民族史學(xué)科的發(fā)展[J];廣西民族大學(xué)學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);2008年06期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 湛磊;中國新聞攝影民族化的研究與探索[D];南京林業(yè)大學(xué);2011年

2 麻玉霞;《呂著中國通史》研究[D];河南師范大學(xué);2011年

3 何周;淺論呂思勉史學(xué)思想的幾個問題[D];安徽大學(xué);2007年

4 李艷絨;中國20世紀(jì)20-30年代攝影藝術(shù)社團(tuán)的歷史研究[D];南京林業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

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本文編號：1703194