本文關鍵詞： 馬仲英 哈密事變集團 聯(lián)盟 關系　出處：《新疆大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：馬仲英與“哈密事變”集團是20世紀30年代前期活躍于新疆政治舞臺上的兩股重要力量。1931年新疆發(fā)生了反抗金樹仁殘暴統(tǒng)治的“哈密事變”，同年夏天，甘肅軍閥馬仲英在甘肅軍閥混戰(zhàn)中被其堂兄馬步芳擊敗，退往關外三縣，鑒于向東發(fā)展困難重重，馬仲英便趁新疆戰(zhàn)亂之際率兵入新，企圖在新疆獲得發(fā)展。馬仲英進入新疆后，與“哈密事變”集團結成聯(lián)盟，合力抗擊金樹仁的省軍，他們的第一次結盟沉重地打擊了金樹仁的省軍，使金樹仁的統(tǒng)治基礎開始動搖。但是，雙方在對金樹仁的作戰(zhàn)過程中，因為戰(zhàn)利品分配問題產(chǎn)生了矛盾與摩擦。1931年秋，負傷在身的馬仲英迫于內(nèi)外壓力率兵撤回甘肅，馬仲英與“哈密事變”集團的第一次聯(lián)盟正式結束。 1932年秋，新疆戰(zhàn)火再起，馬仲英應堯樂博斯等人的邀請，，先后派馬世民、馬全祿、馬赫英等入新助戰(zhàn)，馬仲英與“哈密事變”集團的第二次聯(lián)盟正式建立。其后，馬世民、馬全祿等人幫助起義軍擴大暴動范圍。1932年底吐魯番農(nóng)民起義爆發(fā)后，起義軍首領又派人邀請馬仲英親自出關。1933年3月，馬仲英率萬余眾第二次入新。馬仲英入新后勢如破竹，金樹仁政權在馬仲英和新疆起義軍的壓力下發(fā)生了“四·一二”政變，金樹仁倒臺。但是，在馬仲英與“哈密事變”集團的第二次結盟過程中，結盟雙方由于政治目標的不同、戰(zhàn)利品的爭奪、外部勢力的離間等原因致使聯(lián)盟最終破裂，雙方兵戎相見、互相攻擊。馬仲英與“哈密事變”集團的兩次結盟及聯(lián)盟的演變分化，對20世紀30年代的新疆政局、經(jīng)濟、民族關系等方面產(chǎn)生了廣泛而深刻的影響。 本文認為，馬仲英與“哈密事變”集團的結盟，是雙方出于各自的斗爭和發(fā)展需要結成的短暫的松散型聯(lián)盟。因此，隨著斗爭形勢的發(fā)展，由于結盟雙方政治目標的不同以及外部勢力的離間分化，聯(lián)盟的最終破裂是必然的。聯(lián)盟的形成雖然有力地打擊了金樹仁在新疆的殘暴統(tǒng)治，但是由于結盟之初雙方以伊斯蘭教相號召，聯(lián)盟破裂后，結盟雙方又相互攻擊。因此，無論是結盟期間的一致抗金，還是聯(lián)盟破裂后的相互攻擊，都加劇了新疆各民族之間的相互敵對與仇視，使本來就復雜的新疆民族矛盾雪上加霜。馬仲英與“哈密事變”集團之間關系的演變并沒有為新疆社會帶來和平與安定，而是進一步加劇了民國時期新疆政局的動蕩、經(jīng)濟的衰退、人員的傷亡與民族關系的惡化，為民國新疆社會帶來了嚴重的災難。
[Abstract]:Ma Zhongying and the Hami incident Group were two important forces active on the political stage of Xinjiang in early 1930s. In 1931, the Hami incident against Jin Shuren's brutal rule took place in Xinjiang, and in the summer of the same year, Ma Zhongying, the Gansu warlord, was defeated by his cousin Ma Bufang in the melee of Gansu warlords and retreated to the three counties of Guanwai. In view of the difficulties facing the eastward development, Ma Zhongying took advantage of the war in Xinjiang to lead his troops into the new place. After entering Xinjiang, Ma Zhongying formed an alliance with the "Hami incident" group to work together against Jin Shuren's provincial troops. Their first alliance severely hit Jin Shuren's provincial troops. Kim Shu-jen 's ruling foundation began to waver. However, in the course of fighting against Kim Su-jen, there were contradictions and frictions between the two sides because of the distribution of spoils. In the autumn of 1931, Ma Zhongying, who was wounded in the fall, was forced to withdraw to Gansu Province under internal and external pressure. Ma Zhongying and Hami incident Group's first alliance officially ended. In the autumn of 1932, at the invitation of Yao Lebos and others, Ma Zhongying sent Ma Shimin, Ma Quanlu and Ma Hying into the new war, and the second alliance between Ma Zhongying and the "Hami incident" group was formally established. Later, Ma Shimin, After the uprising broke out in Turpan at the end of 1932, the leader of the Rebellion sent people to invite Ma Zhongying to go out in person. In March 1933, Ma Zhongying led more than 10,000 people to enter the country for the second time. Under the pressure of Ma Zhongying and the Xinjiang Rebellion, the Kim Shu-jen regime took place under the pressure of the "April 12" coup and the fall of Kim Shu-jen. However, during the second alliance between Ma Zhongying and the "Hami incident" group, the two sides in the alliance had different political goals. As a result of the competition for trophies and the separation of external forces, the alliance finally broke down, and the two sides fought each other and attacked each other. The two alliances between Ma Zhongying and the Hami incident Group and the evolution and division of the alliance, on the political situation of Xinjiang in 1930s, Economic, ethnic relations and other aspects of the extensive and profound impact. This paper holds that the alliance between Ma Zhongying and the Hami incident Group is a brief loose alliance formed by both sides out of their own struggle and development needs. Therefore, with the development of the struggle situation, Because of the differences in political objectives between the two sides of the alliance and the division of external forces, it is inevitable that the alliance will eventually break down. Although the formation of the alliance has effectively dealt a blow to Kim Shu-jen 's brutal rule in Xinjiang, But since the two sides called for Islam at the beginning of the alliance and the alliance broke down, both sides attacked each other. Therefore, whether it was a unanimous resistance during the alliance or an attack on each other after the alliance broke, They have intensified the mutual hostility and hatred among the various ethnic groups in Xinjiang, adding to the already complicated ethnic contradictions in Xinjiang. The evolution of relations between Ma Zhongying and the Hami incident Group has not brought peace and stability to Xinjiang society. However, it further intensifies the political instability, economic decline, casualties and the deterioration of ethnic relations in Xinjiang during the period of the Republic of China, which has brought a serious disaster to the society of Xinjiang during the Republic of China.
【學位授予單位】：新疆大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：K29

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 韓高飛;;從河州賢孝唱本《尕司令打河州》談“河州事變”[J];德州學院學報;2012年01期

2 張秋霞;金樹仁與哈密事變[J];西北史地;1995年03期

3 郭勝利;;馬仲英赴蘇原因之分析[J];固原師專學報;2006年01期

4 董漢河;馬仲英之死[J];社會科學;1989年03期

5 吳忠禮;“尕司令”馬仲英其人[J];回族研究;2004年03期

6 吳忠禮;馬仲英與“河湟事變”述評[J];寧夏社會科學;1984年01期

7 陳紅梅;馬仲英事變發(fā)展方向逆轉(zhuǎn)原因分析[J];寧夏大學學報(人文社會科學版);2003年06期

8 趙逸妍;;關于“哈密事變”研究的幾個問題[J];民族史研究;2008年00期

9 師存勛;馬仲英軍事失敗原因探微[J];青海民族研究;2002年02期

10 王希隆;馬仲英赴蘇及其下落[J];中南民族學院學報(人文社會科學版);2003年02期

相關博士學位論文 前2條

1 文志勇;民國新疆民族關系研究[D];陜西師范大學;2011年

2 段金生;南京國民政府的邊政[D];云南大學;2010年

本文編號：1554502