本文關(guān)鍵詞：近代中國東北慈善救濟(jì)事業(yè)研究（1861-1931）　出處：《東北師范大學(xué)》2011年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 近代 東北 慈善 救濟(jì) 事業(yè)

【摘要】：東北作為近代中國備受關(guān)注的地區(qū),其慈善救濟(jì)事業(yè)也隨著社會性質(zhì)的變化而變化。本文就以近代東北地區(qū)的慈善救濟(jì)事業(yè)這一問題展開論述,分別從近代東北政府的慈善救濟(jì)、民間的慈善救濟(jì)、西方宗教的慈善救濟(jì)以及官民協(xié)作的慈善救濟(jì)四個方面展開論述,總體上共分為三個大部分,以總-分-總的形式詳細(xì)論述了近代中國東北地區(qū)的各項(xiàng)慈善救濟(jì)事業(yè)的發(fā)展概況。 第一章是本文的總論部分,總體介紹了近代中國東北地區(qū)的慈善救濟(jì)體系。近代東北地區(qū)政權(quán)更迭、災(zāi)荒頻發(fā),面對大量災(zāi)民、難民、貧民、游民等弱勢群體的客觀存在,東北地方政府根據(jù)中央各項(xiàng)救濟(jì)制度,不斷調(diào)整和完善救濟(jì)行政體系、各類救濟(jì)救災(zāi)法規(guī)以及行政、人事監(jiān)督制度等相關(guān)制度法規(guī),同時,加大對救濟(jì)經(jīng)費(fèi)的投入,鼓勵社會各界積極賑捐,有效指引各項(xiàng)救濟(jì)救災(zāi)活動的開展,為當(dāng)時各項(xiàng)救濟(jì)事業(yè)提供了政策支持以及財(cái)力、人力的支持,從而促進(jìn)了救濟(jì)事業(yè)朝著系統(tǒng)化、制度化的方向發(fā)展。 第二章至第五章是本文的主體部分,分別從政府、民間、宗教、官民協(xié)作四個方面論述了近代東北地區(qū)各類的慈善救濟(jì)事業(yè)。第二章重點(diǎn)闡述近代東北地方政府主辦的救濟(jì)事業(yè),主要表現(xiàn)在東北當(dāng)局分別對貧民、老弱婦孺等展開施救行為,同時還注重醫(yī)療、工藝方面的救助,以保社會弱勢群體能夠在生存的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行工藝技能的提升。第三章則側(cè)重民間的慈善救濟(jì),民間的慈善救濟(jì)主要是以團(tuán)體的形式出現(xiàn),他們都有一定的規(guī)模,承擔(dān)一定的救濟(jì)任務(wù),是政府慈善救濟(jì)的補(bǔ)充和拓展。第四章主要介紹了近代東北宗教的慈善救濟(jì),具體包括佛教、伊斯蘭教、基督教、天主教等各類團(tuán)體的慈善事業(yè),通過各類宗教團(tuán)體慈善事業(yè)的剖析,說明其慈善活動的本質(zhì)屬性。第五章主要論述了官民協(xié)辦的慈善救濟(jì)事業(yè),分別闡述了近代東北地區(qū)的賑災(zāi)救荒事業(yè)、難民救濟(jì)事業(yè)、移民救助事業(yè)以及清末的鼠疫防疫與救濟(jì)事業(yè),從不同的層面分析當(dāng)時官民協(xié)作所開展的各項(xiàng)救濟(jì)活動。 第六章是論文的結(jié)論部分,也是對近代東北慈善救濟(jì)事業(yè)的總體評述,客觀地總結(jié)了近代東北開展的慈善救濟(jì)事業(yè)的作用,救濟(jì)行為不僅解決了東北地區(qū)的災(zāi)民和弱勢群體的生存問題,通過“教養(yǎng)兼施”的先進(jìn)救濟(jì)模式,養(yǎng)教并重對各類弱勢群體進(jìn)行再教育,既穩(wěn)定了社會民心又淳化了社會風(fēng)氣。同時,近代東北慈善救濟(jì)事業(yè)也給我們帶來了一定的歷史啟示,給今后的慈善救濟(jì)事業(yè)以借鑒作用。
[Abstract]:As the modern northeast China areas of concern, the charity also varies with the nature of society. This paper takes the modern northeast charity career discusses the issues from the modern northeast government charity, folk charity, charity and charity of the Western religious cooperation between government and the public relief four aspects, on the whole is divided into three parts, with a total point total form is discussed in detail the development of the modern northeast China charitable relief cause.
The first chapter is the introduction part of this paper, introduces the modern northeast China charitable relief system. The modern northeast regime change, frequent famine, in the face of a large number of victims, refugees, poor, homeless and vulnerable groups exist, the Northeast local government relief system according to the central, continuously adjust and improve the administrative relief system, all kinds of relief disaster relief and administrative regulations, relevant laws and regulations, personnel supervision system at the same time, increase the relief funds, to encourage the community to actively guide the disaster relief relieve action, effective activities, provide policy support and financial resources for the various relief institutions, human support, so as to promote the relief towards systematic direction the development of the system.
The second chapter to the fifth chapter is the main part of this paper, separately from the government, folk religion, discusses all kinds of northeast modern philanthropy in four aspects of the cooperation between government and the public. The second chapter mainly elaborates the modern northeast local government sponsored relief institutions, mainly in the northeast of the poor, elderly and infirm to rescue behavior etc. at the same time, also pay attention to health care, technology assistance, in order to protect the social vulnerable groups can survive on the basis of skill improvement. The third chapter focus on the folk charity, the folk charity is mainly in the form of a group, they have a certain scale, take some relief tasks, and expand the government of charity. The fourth chapter mainly introduces the modern northeast religious charity, including Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, Catholicism and other charitable organizations. Industry, through the analysis of various types of religious charity, the essential attribute of the charitable activities. The fifth chapter mainly discusses the cause of charity official and Co, respectively expounds the modern northeast relief, refugee relief, resettlement assistance and plague prevention and relief in the late Qing Dynasty, from different levels of analysis the government and the people at the time of the cooperation to carry out relief activities.
The sixth chapter is the conclusion part of the thesis, but also to the modern northeast charity career overall review, objectively summarize the modern northeast to carry out charitable relief role, not only solved the problem of survival of victims and vulnerable groups in Northeast China, through the "teach advanced mode and raise" relief, raising teaching of re education of vulnerable groups, both social stability and the people of Chunhua the society. At the same time, the modern northeast charity also gives us some historical enlightenment, to the charity career future reference.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K25;K293.5

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王虹波;1912-1931年間東北災(zāi)荒的社會應(yīng)對研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號：1389218