本文關(guān)鍵詞：何為新疆？-二十世紀(jì)三、四十年代“新疆認(rèn)知”之主要內(nèi)容與特征　出處：《中央民族大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 中國近代邊疆民族問題認(rèn)識史 民國新疆問題 應(yīng)對與想象

【摘要】：本文在廣泛參閱國內(nèi)外研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,以民國時期有關(guān)新疆論著及期刊文獻(xiàn)為主要材料,試圖對二十世紀(jì)三、四十年代“新疆認(rèn)知”問題做一初步的整理和分析研究。全文約十萬言,除緒論和結(jié)語外共分五個部分,主要內(nèi)容如下：一、關(guān)于新疆戰(zhàn)略地位的認(rèn)識。二十世紀(jì)三、四十年代“新疆認(rèn)知”的首要內(nèi)容,就是關(guān)于新疆戰(zhàn)略地位問題的認(rèn)識。它一方面依舊繼承了左氏“中國國防重點在西北”的傳統(tǒng)思想,另一方面無論是在視角上還是在內(nèi)容上都有很大的進(jìn)步和發(fā)展。其主要包括兩方面的內(nèi)容,一是強調(diào)新疆戰(zhàn)略地位的重要性,即新疆是“西北之中樞”、“中國之門戶”、“亞洲之中心”；二是如何加強新疆戰(zhàn)略防衛(wèi)問題,包括改良政治、建設(shè)現(xiàn)代交通、經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)等。二、關(guān)于新疆政治問題。這是二十世紀(jì)三、四十年代“新疆認(rèn)知”中第二個主要內(nèi)容,一方面是關(guān)于當(dāng)時新疆政治現(xiàn)狀的認(rèn)知,包括新疆半獨立政治割據(jù)格局、吏治腐敗、軍隊渙散、戰(zhàn)亂頻繁等,另一方面是關(guān)于如何解決這些問題的主張與方案,包括武力剿撫、政治宣慰、開發(fā)建設(shè)等。三、多民族之新疆即關(guān)于新疆民族問題的認(rèn)識,是二十世紀(jì)三、四十年代“新疆認(rèn)知”的第三個主要內(nèi)容,具體有三個方面：一是多民族新疆成為共識；二是關(guān)于新疆民族關(guān)系的認(rèn)識趨于平實、理性化；三是解決新疆民族問題的認(rèn)識更加全面系統(tǒng)。四、二十世紀(jì)三、四十年代“新疆認(rèn)知”的第四個內(nèi)容是關(guān)于新疆文化教育問題的認(rèn)知。主要認(rèn)為新疆文化教育落后,民智不啟,是新疆諸多問題產(chǎn)生的重要原因之一,同時對新疆社會文化教育問題進(jìn)行反思,提出諸如發(fā)展新疆教育以解決民族問題、鞏固國防等等。五、開發(fā)建設(shè)新疆,是二十世紀(jì)三、四十年代“新疆認(rèn)知”的第五個主要內(nèi)容。在時人看來,中國的希望在西北,而西北的核心則在新疆,開發(fā)和建設(shè)新疆勢在必行。其開發(fā)新疆的方案主要有建設(shè)交通,移民墾殖,發(fā)展教育,開發(fā)新疆之農(nóng)業(yè)、畜牧、林業(yè)、采礦業(yè)、紡織業(yè)、商業(yè)等等,這些方案相互交錯,互為聯(lián)系,但其前提是打破新疆政治獨立之下的開發(fā)新疆,其目是防止新疆獨立,鞏固西北國防,以永保新疆為中國之國土�？傊�,二十世紀(jì)三、四十年代“新疆認(rèn)知”內(nèi)容全面系統(tǒng),是中國近代邊疆民族問題認(rèn)識史上的重要階段和主要組成部分,是近代中國面臨內(nèi)外部雙重危機之下關(guān)于新疆問題認(rèn)知的歷史反映,其總體特征是這一時代背景下的關(guān)于新疆問題的應(yīng)對與想像。
[Abstract]:Based on the extensive research results at home and abroad, taking the Xinjiang literature and periodical literature in the Republic of China as the main materials, this paper tries to make a preliminary collation and analysis of the "Xinjiang cognition" issue in three and 40s twentieth Century. The full text of about one hundred thousand words, in addition to the introduction and conclusion of a total of five parts, the main contents are as follows: first, on the understanding of the strategic status of Xinjiang. The first content of "Xinjiang cognition" in three and 40s twentieth Century is the understanding of the strategic status of Xinjiang. On the one hand, it still inherited the traditional thought of Zuo's "national defense in Northwest China". On the other hand, it has made great progress both in perspective and content. It mainly includes two aspects, one is the importance of the strategic position of Xinjiang, Xinjiang is the "Northwest Center", "Chinese gateway", "Asian center"; two is to strengthen Xinjiang's strategic defense, including the improvement of politics and the construction of modern transportation, economic development. Two. On the political issues of Xinjiang. This is the three in twentieth Century 40s, "Xinjiang cognitive" in the second main contents, one is about the time of Xinjiang's political cognitive status, including the Xinjiang semi independent political separatism pattern, corrupt officials and military, frequent wars, on the other hand is advocated and scheme about how to resolve these problems, including the use of force to destroy Fu Xuanwei, political development and construction, etc.. Three, national Xinjiang is on Xinjiang national awareness of the problem, in twentieth Century three, 40s Xinjiang "cognitive" third main contents, including three aspects: one is the multi nationality in Xinjiang has become a consensus; two is the understanding of ethnic relations in Xinjiang plain, tends to be rational; three is to solve the ethnic problems in Xinjiang a more comprehensive system. Four, twentieth Century, three, 40s, "Xinjiang cognition" of the fourth content of the Xinjiang cultural and educational issues. The main thought of Xinjiang culture and education is backward, people do not open, is one of the important causes of many problems in Xinjiang, and Reflection on Xinjiang cultural and social education problems, put forward such as development of education in Xinjiang to solve the ethnic problems, consolidating national defense and so on. Five. The development and construction of Xinjiang is the fifth main content of "Xinjiang cognition" in three and 40s twentieth Century. In the view of the people of time, China's hope is in the northwest, while the core of the northwest is in Xinjiang. It is imperative to develop and build Xinjiang. The development scheme of Xinjiang main building traffic, immigration cultivation, development of education, the development of Xinjiang agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry, mining industry, textile industry, business and so on, these solutions are mutually staggered, contact with each other, but the premise is to break the development of Xinjiang under the political independence of Xinjiang, its purpose is to prevent Xinjiang independence, consolidate in order to keep the national defense in the northwest, Xinjiang to the land of China. In twentieth Century, three, 40s "Xinjiang cognitive" comprehensive system is China modern borderland ethnic problems understanding the history of the important phase and the main parts, is the modern crisis and China under the Ministry on the issue of Xinjiang is reflected in the history of cognitive, their general characteristics are coping with imagination concerning the Xinjiang issue in the background the.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：K29

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