本文選題：留學(xué)生 + 軍事航空�。� 參考：《南開大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：近代以來，隨著飛機(jī)廣泛運(yùn)用于軍事領(lǐng)域，各國(guó)逐漸意識(shí)到其在未來戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的巨大作用。在1908～1949年的41年間，中國(guó)各級(jí)政府多次選派留學(xué)生赴英、美、蘇、法等國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)先進(jìn)的軍事航空技術(shù)和飛機(jī)制造技術(shù)。據(jù)筆者不完全統(tǒng)計(jì)，我國(guó)共派遣了3000多名留學(xué)生赴國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)航空科學(xué)知識(shí)與軍事航空技術(shù)。這些留學(xué)生學(xué)成歸國(guó)之后，大多投身軍事航空建設(shè)中，為我國(guó)軍事航空事業(yè)的發(fā)展做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。我國(guó)近代航空留學(xué)生有四種主要類型：第一種是出于個(gè)人志愿自發(fā)地學(xué)習(xí)航空科技；第二種是海軍和航空部門選派的航空留學(xué)生；第三種是赴美受訓(xùn)的留學(xué)生；第四種是從高校系統(tǒng)派遣出來的留學(xué)生。近代航空留學(xué)生的派遣形式具有多樣性和復(fù)雜性的特點(diǎn)，既有中央政府派遣，也有地方政府派遣，既有軍事航空部門派遣，也有由海軍部門以及教育部門派遣，他們之中既有公費(fèi)留學(xué)生，也有自費(fèi)留學(xué)生。留學(xué)生在國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)間有長(zhǎng)有短，有的長(zhǎng)達(dá)數(shù)年，有的只有2～3月，其留學(xué)國(guó)別主要是美國(guó)、法國(guó)和意大利。南京國(guó)民政府成立之后，加強(qiáng)了留學(xué)教育的管理，使我國(guó)近代航空留學(xué)生的派遣事務(wù)逐步走向規(guī)范化和制度化。 本文主要從留學(xué)生與我國(guó)近代軍事航空機(jī)構(gòu)與制度，，留學(xué)生與近代軍事航空思想，留學(xué)生與近代中國(guó)軍事航空工業(yè)，以及留學(xué)生與近代中國(guó)軍用航空教育與訓(xùn)練等四個(gè)重要方面著手，重點(diǎn)探討留學(xué)生與中國(guó)軍事航空關(guān)系。文章最后一章是整個(gè)論文的結(jié)語(yǔ)部分，它簡(jiǎn)單比較了航空留學(xué)生、華僑航空人員以及外國(guó)在華航空人員三者的關(guān)系，重點(diǎn)探討了留學(xué)生在近代中國(guó)軍事航空史上的地位、角色與功能。筆者認(rèn)為由于這些航空留學(xué)生擁有先進(jìn)的飛機(jī)制造技術(shù)和高超的飛行駕駛技術(shù)，回國(guó)后很快成為我國(guó)航空事業(yè)的核心力量。許多留學(xué)生擔(dān)任航空署(航空委員會(huì))的重要職務(wù)和空軍部隊(duì)的高級(jí)將領(lǐng)，成為我國(guó)近代航空事業(yè)的核心力量，主導(dǎo)了近代中國(guó)軍事航空機(jī)構(gòu)與制度的建立與發(fā)展。留學(xué)生在介紹引進(jìn)西方的軍事航空思想以及對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)軍事理論改造的基礎(chǔ)上，創(chuàng)造性地將西方先進(jìn)的軍事理論運(yùn)用于中國(guó)軍事航空與國(guó)防建設(shè)實(shí)際工作中，并與中國(guó)社會(huì)的現(xiàn)實(shí)情況緊密結(jié)合起來，以戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的演變來豐富戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的理論，促進(jìn)了中國(guó)軍事航空思想的發(fā)展。一些學(xué)習(xí)航空工程的留學(xué)生歸國(guó)之后，積極參與近代航空工業(yè)的創(chuàng)建與發(fā)展，積極創(chuàng)建航空科研機(jī)構(gòu)和飛機(jī)制造廠，擔(dān)任飛機(jī)制造廠的主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者和重要的技術(shù)人員，克服各種困難開展新飛機(jī)研制工作，為我國(guó)近代航空工業(yè)的發(fā)展做出了杰出的貢獻(xiàn)。一些赴國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)飛行技術(shù)的留學(xué)生，成為空軍部隊(duì)的重要組成部分，組建空軍新兵種的核心力量以及空軍教育與訓(xùn)練的重要力量�？傊娇樟魧W(xué)生是我國(guó)近代航空事業(yè)的核心力量，他們不僅開創(chuàng)了近代中國(guó)航空事業(yè)的新局面，同時(shí)為中國(guó)軍事航空事業(yè)的演進(jìn)與變革做出了重要的貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:In modern times, as the plane is widely used in the military field, countries come to realize its great role in the future war. In 1908~1949 years, 41 years, China government has been sending students to the UK, the United States, the Soviet Union, learning advanced technology and military aviation aircraft manufacturing technology method according to the author's country. Statistics, China has sent more than 3000 students studying abroad in aviation science and military aviation technology. These students have returned, mostly engaged in the construction of military aviation, has made important contributions to the development of China's military aviation industry. China's modern aviation students there are four main types: the first one is for individual voluntary spontaneous learning of aviation science and technology second is selected; the Navy and the Department of aviation aviation students; third students went to America for training; the fourth is sent from the university system Students come. Modern aviation students sent form has the characteristics of diversity and complexity, both the central government sent, local governments also have sent both the dispatch of military aviation department has dispatched by the Department of the Navy and the Department of education, they are both free students, there are students. Study abroad through students, some for several years, some only 2~3 months, the foreign country is mainly in the United States, France and Italy. After the establishment of the Nanjing national government, to strengthen the students education management, make our country modern aviation students sent affairs gradually standardized and institutionalized.
This article mainly from the students and modern military aviation mechanism and system of China, students and modern military thought, students and modern Chinese military aviation industry, as well as students to China and modern military aviation education and training and other four important aspects, focusing on the relationship between students and China for military aviation. In the last chapter is the conclusion of the whole thesis, it compares the relationship between aviation students, overseas Chinese and foreign aviation personnel in China aviation personnel of the three, focusing on the students in the modern Chinese military aviation history of the status, role and function. The author thinks that because these students have aviation aircraft manufacturing technology advanced and superb flying techniques, after returning home soon become the core power of China's aviation industry. Many students served as the aviation department (Aviation Committee) the important position and the air force Senior generals, become the core strength of China's modern aviation industry, led the establishment and development of the modern military aviation Chinese mechanism and system. The students in the introduction of Western military aviation and thought based on the traditional theory on the transformation of the military China, creatively advanced western military theory to practical work Chinese military aviation and the national defense construction, and the reality of society and China closely together, with the evolution of the war to enrich the war theory, promote the development of military aviation China thought. After the students returned to aeronautical engineering learning, actively participate in the creation and development of modern aviation industry, and actively create aviation research institutions and aircraft manufacturing factory as a leader, the main aircraft manufacturing factory and important technical personnel, to overcome various difficulties to carry out the new aircraft development work for Chinese aviation industry Make a great contribution to the development of enterprises. Some foreign students learned to fly, become an important part of the air force, an important force in core forces to set up new branches of the air force and air force education and training. In short, aviation students is the core strength of China's modern aviation industry, they not only create a new the situation of modern aviation Chinese, also made an important contribution to the evolution and transformation of China military aviation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南開大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：E295;K26

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